ece11 Funke 16512079 en
... be done simply applying the net present value rule, but rather has to consider the following three salient characteristics of the environmental policy decision: (i) there is uncertainty about future payoffs from climate policies; (ii) waiting allows policy makers to gather new information on the unc ...
... be done simply applying the net present value rule, but rather has to consider the following three salient characteristics of the environmental policy decision: (i) there is uncertainty about future payoffs from climate policies; (ii) waiting allows policy makers to gather new information on the unc ...
Clare Palmer, “Does Nature Matter? The Place of the Nonhuman in
... changes in climate.11 Climate change may also result in the loss of some species; the IPCC Fourth Assessment Report notes that “There is medium confidence that approximately 20–30% of species assessed so far are likely to be at increased risk of extinction if increases in global average warming excee ...
... changes in climate.11 Climate change may also result in the loss of some species; the IPCC Fourth Assessment Report notes that “There is medium confidence that approximately 20–30% of species assessed so far are likely to be at increased risk of extinction if increases in global average warming excee ...
NBER WORKING PAPER SERIES Lee G. Branstetter William A. Pizer
... limit climate change as the preeminent policy challenge of our time. But this effort carries with it special challenges that stem from the intrinsic characteristics of the climate change problem. The majority of GHGs, including carbon dioxide (CO2), persist for a very long time in the atmosphere -- ...
... limit climate change as the preeminent policy challenge of our time. But this effort carries with it special challenges that stem from the intrinsic characteristics of the climate change problem. The majority of GHGs, including carbon dioxide (CO2), persist for a very long time in the atmosphere -- ...
Exploring the Geologic Time Scale via Changes in Fossilized Horse
... The rationale behind this lesson was to provide the students with a genuine scientific method for investigating how change occurs in a taxon over time. Hypsodonty is simply a scientific term for the height of a tooth relative to its overall size. Hypsodonty indices (HIs) are often used by scientists ...
... The rationale behind this lesson was to provide the students with a genuine scientific method for investigating how change occurs in a taxon over time. Hypsodonty is simply a scientific term for the height of a tooth relative to its overall size. Hypsodonty indices (HIs) are often used by scientists ...
Challenging Knowledge: How Climate Science Became a Victim of the Cold War
... record-keeping began, and these data are independently corroborated by studies of tree rings, coral reefs, and ice cores.5 Physical theory and computer models predict that the effects of global warming will be seen first, and most strongly, in the Arctic, due to what is known as “ice-albedo feedbac ...
... record-keeping began, and these data are independently corroborated by studies of tree rings, coral reefs, and ice cores.5 Physical theory and computer models predict that the effects of global warming will be seen first, and most strongly, in the Arctic, due to what is known as “ice-albedo feedbac ...
Climate change effects on above- and below
... number of mature seeds per fruit found in 10 fruits per plant. The number of ovules, aborted seeds and predated seeds were also counted. When the number of fruits per plant was equal to or less than 10, the number of seeds per fruit was counted in all fruits of the plant. Fruit set was calculated as ...
... number of mature seeds per fruit found in 10 fruits per plant. The number of ovules, aborted seeds and predated seeds were also counted. When the number of fruits per plant was equal to or less than 10, the number of seeds per fruit was counted in all fruits of the plant. Fruit set was calculated as ...
Earth system sensitivity inferred from Pliocene modelling and data
... elevated CO2 (probably driven by very long-term shifts in the balance between tectonic-related emissions and weathering23 ). The climatic response induced by these forcings will include vegetation and ice sheet changes, and as both the forcings and vegetation and ice sheet changes are reasonably con ...
... elevated CO2 (probably driven by very long-term shifts in the balance between tectonic-related emissions and weathering23 ). The climatic response induced by these forcings will include vegetation and ice sheet changes, and as both the forcings and vegetation and ice sheet changes are reasonably con ...
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... may be particularly binding in drought-prone areas. Together, these scenarios demonstrate how climate adaptation through the CRP can be limited by various aspects of current program design. Such limitations may be necessary for the program to effectively address its mandate, but awareness of the int ...
... may be particularly binding in drought-prone areas. Together, these scenarios demonstrate how climate adaptation through the CRP can be limited by various aspects of current program design. Such limitations may be necessary for the program to effectively address its mandate, but awareness of the int ...
Investigation of the effects of increases in agricultural productivity
... with sustainability concerns it is necessary to consider if the productivity increase comes at an expense; if a productivity increase comes at the expense of particular input such as energy. Showing the trade-offs is seen as an important issue in this task. The IPCC scenarios imply several severe cl ...
... with sustainability concerns it is necessary to consider if the productivity increase comes at an expense; if a productivity increase comes at the expense of particular input such as energy. Showing the trade-offs is seen as an important issue in this task. The IPCC scenarios imply several severe cl ...
Livestock – Climate Change`s Forgotten Sector
... Negotiations under the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) have overlooked livestock. Efforts to establish a specific workstream on agriculture have failed, and talks have instead focused on a framework for reducing emissions from deforestation and forest degradation and e ...
... Negotiations under the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) have overlooked livestock. Efforts to establish a specific workstream on agriculture have failed, and talks have instead focused on a framework for reducing emissions from deforestation and forest degradation and e ...
Program on Global and Regional Climate Change
... Climate change is being recognized as a major threat to present day society because of its adverse impacts on ecosystem, agricultural productivity, water resources, socio-economy and sustainability in a global as well as regional basis. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) in its fou ...
... Climate change is being recognized as a major threat to present day society because of its adverse impacts on ecosystem, agricultural productivity, water resources, socio-economy and sustainability in a global as well as regional basis. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) in its fou ...
Polish National Strategy for Adaptation to Climate Change
... phenomena, taking place in the last few decades, tend to deepen and therefore they have become a matter of interest to governments and the international community. The results of scientific research clearly indicate that phenomena caused by climate change are a threat to the social and economic deve ...
... phenomena, taking place in the last few decades, tend to deepen and therefore they have become a matter of interest to governments and the international community. The results of scientific research clearly indicate that phenomena caused by climate change are a threat to the social and economic deve ...
Of Montreal and Kyoto: A Tale of Two Protocols
... Of Montreal and Kyoto: A Tale of Two Protocols by Cass R. Sunstein Editors’ Summary: Prof. Cass Sunstein compares the relative ease with which the United States adopted the Montreal Protocol against its rejection of the Kyoto Protocol to conclude that the perceived costs versus perceived benefits of ...
... Of Montreal and Kyoto: A Tale of Two Protocols by Cass R. Sunstein Editors’ Summary: Prof. Cass Sunstein compares the relative ease with which the United States adopted the Montreal Protocol against its rejection of the Kyoto Protocol to conclude that the perceived costs versus perceived benefits of ...
Livestock – Climate Change`s Forgotten Sector: Global Public
... Negotiations under the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) have overlooked livestock. Efforts to establish a specific workstream on agriculture have failed, and talks have instead focused on a framework for reducing emissions from deforestation and forest degradation and e ...
... Negotiations under the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) have overlooked livestock. Efforts to establish a specific workstream on agriculture have failed, and talks have instead focused on a framework for reducing emissions from deforestation and forest degradation and e ...
The gains from trade
... would not only have environmental and economic advantages for the rest of the world; it would also have important environmental and economic advantages for the developing countries themselves. For the sake of concreteness, consider a plan under which developing countries do no more than commit to th ...
... would not only have environmental and economic advantages for the rest of the world; it would also have important environmental and economic advantages for the developing countries themselves. For the sake of concreteness, consider a plan under which developing countries do no more than commit to th ...
Case Study The Belgian coast
... coastline itself, where sea and land meet, is always in motion, due to erosion and sedimentation processes. The Belgian coastline is subjected to human interference since the second half of the 19th century to protect the coastal infrastructure and the hinterland polders form regular flooding by the ...
... coastline itself, where sea and land meet, is always in motion, due to erosion and sedimentation processes. The Belgian coastline is subjected to human interference since the second half of the 19th century to protect the coastal infrastructure and the hinterland polders form regular flooding by the ...
Man-‐Made Global Warming is a Scam
... around 7000ppm. Ice ages occurred during these times, as did normal temperatures. The much higher levels of CO2 had no correlation to the planet’s temperature – life kept evolving normally. According to ...
... around 7000ppm. Ice ages occurred during these times, as did normal temperatures. The much higher levels of CO2 had no correlation to the planet’s temperature – life kept evolving normally. According to ...
4.3 Approach to CLIMATE CHANGE Scenario Development
... scales ranging from the sub-continental scale to country level to provincial level. Although it is likely that temperatures will rise in most regions of the world,2 changes at the regional scale in many other key variables, such as precipitation, are uncertain for most regions. Even if the direction ...
... scales ranging from the sub-continental scale to country level to provincial level. Although it is likely that temperatures will rise in most regions of the world,2 changes at the regional scale in many other key variables, such as precipitation, are uncertain for most regions. Even if the direction ...
Background paper Africa WS
... step for further improving climate services as well for climate risk management. Another important issue identified in the two workshop reports is the urgent need for upgrading the observational network in Africa, indicating a requirement for about 200 automatic weather stations to support provision ...
... step for further improving climate services as well for climate risk management. Another important issue identified in the two workshop reports is the urgent need for upgrading the observational network in Africa, indicating a requirement for about 200 automatic weather stations to support provision ...
How to read a Climate-Fact-Sheet
... country into separate climate zones. However, doing this allows only a small part of any geographic variation to be quantified explicitly, since the climate change signal will not be uniformly pronounced, e.g. in countries and regions merely extending across the climate zone. Where it became necessa ...
... country into separate climate zones. However, doing this allows only a small part of any geographic variation to be quantified explicitly, since the climate change signal will not be uniformly pronounced, e.g. in countries and regions merely extending across the climate zone. Where it became necessa ...
Climate Change on the Millennial Timescale
... political process. At best we might consider the world we are leaving for our grandchildren, but a thousand years ahead seems incomprehensible. This is because we are conditioned to thinking exclusively within the anthroposphere (the human world) – given the changes of human society that have occurr ...
... political process. At best we might consider the world we are leaving for our grandchildren, but a thousand years ahead seems incomprehensible. This is because we are conditioned to thinking exclusively within the anthroposphere (the human world) – given the changes of human society that have occurr ...
European Journal of Legal Studies
... climate change is unlikely to succeed, as demonstrated by the near-disaster of the Conference of the Parties-15 in Copenhagen. Moreover, international climate policy, as it has been understood and practiced by many governments under the Kyoto Protocol approach, has failed to produce any discernible ...
... climate change is unlikely to succeed, as demonstrated by the near-disaster of the Conference of the Parties-15 in Copenhagen. Moreover, international climate policy, as it has been understood and practiced by many governments under the Kyoto Protocol approach, has failed to produce any discernible ...
S TAT E O F T H E WO R... Into a Warming World 2 0
... which recognizes different obligations for parties in different economic and emissions positions. And the Kyoto negotiating positions of many countries—from France and Iran to Brazil and Estonia—incorporated specific equity dimensions. But fairness concerns are likely to assume a higher profile in f ...
... which recognizes different obligations for parties in different economic and emissions positions. And the Kyoto negotiating positions of many countries—from France and Iran to Brazil and Estonia—incorporated specific equity dimensions. But fairness concerns are likely to assume a higher profile in f ...
SP_prop_pres_nairobi - BASIC
... All Parties revise design parameters and standards for infrastructure and equipment to address climate change, energy efficiency and water efficiency Develop an insurance or risk management mechanism to address the impacts of extreme weather events by 2010 ...
... All Parties revise design parameters and standards for infrastructure and equipment to address climate change, energy efficiency and water efficiency Develop an insurance or risk management mechanism to address the impacts of extreme weather events by 2010 ...
Protecting health from climate change - WHO/Europe
... The project supports actions and pilot-tests some interventions in countries that are already experiencing climate-related problems (such as extreme events, water scarcity, glacier melting, permafrost thawing) that are projected to have severe health effects. All countries ratified the United Nation ...
... The project supports actions and pilot-tests some interventions in countries that are already experiencing climate-related problems (such as extreme events, water scarcity, glacier melting, permafrost thawing) that are projected to have severe health effects. All countries ratified the United Nation ...