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Paris`s adaptation strategy
... Climate change is a global phenomenon that threatens the overall balance of our planet, with impacts that differ at times from one geographical area to another. Scientific studies, summarised by the IPPC (Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change), of which the 5th report was published in 20132014, ...
... Climate change is a global phenomenon that threatens the overall balance of our planet, with impacts that differ at times from one geographical area to another. Scientific studies, summarised by the IPPC (Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change), of which the 5th report was published in 20132014, ...
Constraining temperature variations over the last
... global-average radiative forcing from solar irradiance changes and explosive volcanic eruptions are prescribed (Crowley 2000, Fig. 1A) to simulate the evolution of temperature, precipitation, cloud cover, and atmospheric CO2. Radiative forcing by CO2 is calculated from concentrations assuming a loga ...
... global-average radiative forcing from solar irradiance changes and explosive volcanic eruptions are prescribed (Crowley 2000, Fig. 1A) to simulate the evolution of temperature, precipitation, cloud cover, and atmospheric CO2. Radiative forcing by CO2 is calculated from concentrations assuming a loga ...
World Bank Document
... diverse information sources into an aggregated vulnerability index. Normative challenges include the aggregation of future and current climate risks. ...
... diverse information sources into an aggregated vulnerability index. Normative challenges include the aggregation of future and current climate risks. ...
Hydrologic response of a Hawaiian watershed to future climate
... modified to reflect the increase in CO2 concentration. The relative departure of streamflow and ET from their levels during the reference scenarios was calculated on a monthly and annual basis. Results of this study indicate that the streamflow and ET are less sensitive to changes in temperature compare ...
... modified to reflect the increase in CO2 concentration. The relative departure of streamflow and ET from their levels during the reference scenarios was calculated on a monthly and annual basis. Results of this study indicate that the streamflow and ET are less sensitive to changes in temperature compare ...
Improving Societal Outcomes of Extreme Weather in a Changing
... impacts of extreme weather result from complex interactions among physical and human systems across spatial and temporal scales. This article synthesizes current interdisciplinary knowledge about extreme weather, including temperature extremes (heat and cold waves), precipitation extremes (including ...
... impacts of extreme weather result from complex interactions among physical and human systems across spatial and temporal scales. This article synthesizes current interdisciplinary knowledge about extreme weather, including temperature extremes (heat and cold waves), precipitation extremes (including ...
Mk3.5 simulations
... Time scale is short enough that differences in the emissions scenarios of GHGs do not matter much Expect a well initialised model to provide improved projections over this time scale than a non-initialised model (inform initial state versus underlying trend) ...
... Time scale is short enough that differences in the emissions scenarios of GHGs do not matter much Expect a well initialised model to provide improved projections over this time scale than a non-initialised model (inform initial state versus underlying trend) ...
WHITE PAPER Climate Change Adaptation in the Nordic Countries
... adaptation policy, and many other countries’ climate policies focus mostly on mitigation, or else fail to make connections between mitigation and adaptation. By harmonising their approaches to climate change and integrating adaptation and mitigation in cohesive climate policies, the Nordic countries ...
... adaptation policy, and many other countries’ climate policies focus mostly on mitigation, or else fail to make connections between mitigation and adaptation. By harmonising their approaches to climate change and integrating adaptation and mitigation in cohesive climate policies, the Nordic countries ...
POLICY NOTE 2016:01 - Environmental Finance
... which can result in a price on carbon that ‘strands’ fossil fuel-based infrastructure. The adjustment towards a low carbon economy represents financial risks for investors but may also reveal opportunities. The risk of physical climate change impacts can affect financial bottom lines. Recent estimat ...
... which can result in a price on carbon that ‘strands’ fossil fuel-based infrastructure. The adjustment towards a low carbon economy represents financial risks for investors but may also reveal opportunities. The risk of physical climate change impacts can affect financial bottom lines. Recent estimat ...
Undergraduate Thesis - College of Forestry and Conservation
... perfectly pristine and absolutely free from human intervention” (Nelson 18-19; Friskies 2008; Scott 2004). That is to say, designated wilderness, especially in the eastern United States, can still be wilderness even if it has seen human activities and impacts in the past, as long as it is allowed to ...
... perfectly pristine and absolutely free from human intervention” (Nelson 18-19; Friskies 2008; Scott 2004). That is to say, designated wilderness, especially in the eastern United States, can still be wilderness even if it has seen human activities and impacts in the past, as long as it is allowed to ...
Climate change and its impacts on Kazakhstan`s human development
... The subject of the 2008 National Human Development Report in Kazakhstan is an especially topical one both for Kazakhstan and the world community. The importance of this subject is emphasized by the global political processes targeting the struggle against poverty and progress towards sustainable dev ...
... The subject of the 2008 National Human Development Report in Kazakhstan is an especially topical one both for Kazakhstan and the world community. The importance of this subject is emphasized by the global political processes targeting the struggle against poverty and progress towards sustainable dev ...
FINAL 2014 2015 Annual Progress Report
... near-routine observations from satellites (e.g., altimeters) and profiler drifters (e.g., the Argo float system), a much higher density of observations is possible and ocean data assimilation has become a practical proposition. This is important because it is the initial state of the ocean, and not ...
... near-routine observations from satellites (e.g., altimeters) and profiler drifters (e.g., the Argo float system), a much higher density of observations is possible and ocean data assimilation has become a practical proposition. This is important because it is the initial state of the ocean, and not ...
Using Marginal Abatement Cost Curves (MACC) to realize the economic appraisal of Climate Smart Agriculture policy options
... The following approach could allow countries to switch directly from NAMAs to a set of AFOLU actions assessed and prioritized on the environmental impact, for example via the support from tools such as EX-ACT, measuring the carbon balance, but also the economical impact, e.g. via MACC. (cf. figure 3 ...
... The following approach could allow countries to switch directly from NAMAs to a set of AFOLU actions assessed and prioritized on the environmental impact, for example via the support from tools such as EX-ACT, measuring the carbon balance, but also the economical impact, e.g. via MACC. (cf. figure 3 ...
a sensitive matter - The Global Warming Policy Foundation
... the authors of this report – were both expert reviewers of AR5 and in our review comments suggested that the IPCC should go further and give separate ranges for climate sensitivity based on models and on high quality observational studies. 9. In this report we suggest that the new observationally-ba ...
... the authors of this report – were both expert reviewers of AR5 and in our review comments suggested that the IPCC should go further and give separate ranges for climate sensitivity based on models and on high quality observational studies. 9. In this report we suggest that the new observationally-ba ...
Master in de rechten
... Description of the problem In order to combat climate change, Parties concluded the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) in 1992. Five years later, the Kyoto Protocol to this Convention was adopted. Although this protocol can hardly be regarded as perfect, it indicated a s ...
... Description of the problem In order to combat climate change, Parties concluded the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) in 1992. Five years later, the Kyoto Protocol to this Convention was adopted. Although this protocol can hardly be regarded as perfect, it indicated a s ...
Application of Self-Organizing-Maps Technique in Downscaling
... High resolution surface climate variables are required for end-users in climate change impact studies; however, information provided by Global Climate Models (GCMs) has a coarser resolution. Downscaling techniques such as that developed at the University of Cape Town, which is based on Self-Organizi ...
... High resolution surface climate variables are required for end-users in climate change impact studies; however, information provided by Global Climate Models (GCMs) has a coarser resolution. Downscaling techniques such as that developed at the University of Cape Town, which is based on Self-Organizi ...
Climate Guide - Red Cross Red Crescent Climate Centre
... in temperate regions such as North America, northern Europe and central and northern Asia. Even more worryingly, the frequency and intensity of extreme rainfall and snowfall events have been rising, as well as the number of droughts. We have also witnessed more heatwaves and more intense hurricanes. ...
... in temperate regions such as North America, northern Europe and central and northern Asia. Even more worryingly, the frequency and intensity of extreme rainfall and snowfall events have been rising, as well as the number of droughts. We have also witnessed more heatwaves and more intense hurricanes. ...
Climate Action Plan - City of Boynton Beach
... In 2010, the City of Boynton Beach (City) identified climate change and its long-term effects as the defining challenge for the 21st century; projecting the direct impact that sea level rise would have on the City’s water supply, the ability of stormwater drainage infrastructure to function properly ...
... In 2010, the City of Boynton Beach (City) identified climate change and its long-term effects as the defining challenge for the 21st century; projecting the direct impact that sea level rise would have on the City’s water supply, the ability of stormwater drainage infrastructure to function properly ...
Global Meteorological Drought: A Synthesis of Current
... et al. 2005). This assessment is based on AMIP-style simulations using prescribed SSTs (see appendix A), with five different state-of-the-art global climate models; results are presented as combined (rather than individual model) statistics. (Individual model results are provided in appendix B.) We ...
... et al. 2005). This assessment is based on AMIP-style simulations using prescribed SSTs (see appendix A), with five different state-of-the-art global climate models; results are presented as combined (rather than individual model) statistics. (Individual model results are provided in appendix B.) We ...
Troubled Waters: Climate Change, Hydropolitics
... existing management systems—too often burdened by ineffective regulatory mechanisms and fragmented institutions—appear ill-prepared to surmount. Surveying the prospects for tensions over the region’s transboundary waters to aggravate international conflicts, he urges the countries of South Asia to d ...
... existing management systems—too often burdened by ineffective regulatory mechanisms and fragmented institutions—appear ill-prepared to surmount. Surveying the prospects for tensions over the region’s transboundary waters to aggravate international conflicts, he urges the countries of South Asia to d ...
Mountain Environment and Climate Change in Nepal Country
... Supportive and enabling environment for the promotion of high-quality niche products and services from mountain areas would be critical for improving livelihoods and protecting mountain environments. This would require assuring access of mountain products to national and international markets. The p ...
... Supportive and enabling environment for the promotion of high-quality niche products and services from mountain areas would be critical for improving livelihoods and protecting mountain environments. This would require assuring access of mountain products to national and international markets. The p ...
Grenada - Climate Investment Funds
... Small Island Developing States (SIDS) such as Grenada are characterized by their relatively small size and remoteness, limited natural resource base, limited human capacity and technical capability, and fragile ecosystems. Grenada is also susceptible to the vagaries of natural hazards like hurricane ...
... Small Island Developing States (SIDS) such as Grenada are characterized by their relatively small size and remoteness, limited natural resource base, limited human capacity and technical capability, and fragile ecosystems. Grenada is also susceptible to the vagaries of natural hazards like hurricane ...
decision 3/CP.19
... The Conference of the Parties, Recalling the relevant provisions of the Convention, Also recalling decisions 1/CP.16, 7/CP.17 and 3/CP.18, Acknowledging the contribution of adaptation and risk management strategies towards addressing loss and damage associated with climate change impacts, Also ackno ...
... The Conference of the Parties, Recalling the relevant provisions of the Convention, Also recalling decisions 1/CP.16, 7/CP.17 and 3/CP.18, Acknowledging the contribution of adaptation and risk management strategies towards addressing loss and damage associated with climate change impacts, Also ackno ...
Climate Change and India: A 4x4 Assessment
... Climate change is recognized as a significant manmade global environmental challenge. It is also treated as a threat. International efforts to address climate change began with the adoption of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change in 1992. The importance and significance of the v ...
... Climate change is recognized as a significant manmade global environmental challenge. It is also treated as a threat. International efforts to address climate change began with the adoption of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change in 1992. The importance and significance of the v ...
Management of Federally Owned Grasslands in the Climate Change
... preserve historic conditions that climate change has irreparably altered, and active management of at least some areas in which non-intervention has to date been the norm. In addition, Part IIIB calls for the appropriate use of adaptive strategies that test new management approaches, monitor their p ...
... preserve historic conditions that climate change has irreparably altered, and active management of at least some areas in which non-intervention has to date been the norm. In addition, Part IIIB calls for the appropriate use of adaptive strategies that test new management approaches, monitor their p ...
BASE Evaluation Criteria for Climate Adaptation (BECCA)
... adaptation at the level of specific activities that are the focus of adaptation cases . This also means considering the context specificity of adaptation and also policy coherence in the way it is experienced at ‘street’ and/or actor level. Criteria must be chosen based on the relationship between p ...
... adaptation at the level of specific activities that are the focus of adaptation cases . This also means considering the context specificity of adaptation and also policy coherence in the way it is experienced at ‘street’ and/or actor level. Criteria must be chosen based on the relationship between p ...