Framing Document - American Physical Society
... This IPCC text lists internal variability, forcing inadequacies, and model over-responsiveness as all possibly contributing to the stasis, but without a quantitative resolution. To what would you attribute the stasis? If non-anthropogenic influences are strong enough to counteract the expected effec ...
... This IPCC text lists internal variability, forcing inadequacies, and model over-responsiveness as all possibly contributing to the stasis, but without a quantitative resolution. To what would you attribute the stasis? If non-anthropogenic influences are strong enough to counteract the expected effec ...
Exploring Late Pleistocene climate variations
... rapid, decadal climate change during the latest Quaternary remains an enigma.These issues are critical for understanding global change. Although major progress continues to be made, a general consensus has developed that limitations in knowledge of the chronology of millennial-scale climate variabil ...
... rapid, decadal climate change during the latest Quaternary remains an enigma.These issues are critical for understanding global change. Although major progress continues to be made, a general consensus has developed that limitations in knowledge of the chronology of millennial-scale climate variabil ...
... forecasts and they only surmise about how the future may unfold. In fact, GHG emission scenarios are a linkage between qualitative stories about future and quantitative formulations like formal modelling of future. In scientific assessments, scenarios are usually based on an internally consistent an ...
Ongoing work Yes - Carbon Finance at the World Bank
... • Both CDM/JI “project-based” Market and “Hot –Air” (emissions trading) market will be “policy-driven” – Emissions Trading is cheap option but not attractive to all – CDM/JI expensive/complex but hi quality, tangible impact ...
... • Both CDM/JI “project-based” Market and “Hot –Air” (emissions trading) market will be “policy-driven” – Emissions Trading is cheap option but not attractive to all – CDM/JI expensive/complex but hi quality, tangible impact ...
Health Implications of Climate Change 3.54 MB | Posted 13
... • A well-prepared line of defense: health providers and systems need to prepare for adverse impacts of climate change & know which populations are most at risk for negative health impacts; • A reliable tracking system to monitor effects of climate change & ...
... • A well-prepared line of defense: health providers and systems need to prepare for adverse impacts of climate change & know which populations are most at risk for negative health impacts; • A reliable tracking system to monitor effects of climate change & ...
Chapter 6 - UCLA: Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences
... 1. The water vapor feedback: assoc. with increases in water vapor with temp., since water vapor is a GHG 2. The snow/ice feedback: decreases in snow and ice global albedo decreases (less solar radiation reflected) 3. Cloud feedbacks: due to changes in cloud cover, which affect both cloud contribut ...
... 1. The water vapor feedback: assoc. with increases in water vapor with temp., since water vapor is a GHG 2. The snow/ice feedback: decreases in snow and ice global albedo decreases (less solar radiation reflected) 3. Cloud feedbacks: due to changes in cloud cover, which affect both cloud contribut ...
Cool Bears + Warm Waters = Extinction?
... it is part of a natural cycle. However, it has been determined with more than 90 percent confidence by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change that warming in the Arctic is in fact human-induced; our activities have caused a dangerous build up of the potent greenhouse gas in our atmosphere. Al ...
... it is part of a natural cycle. However, it has been determined with more than 90 percent confidence by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change that warming in the Arctic is in fact human-induced; our activities have caused a dangerous build up of the potent greenhouse gas in our atmosphere. Al ...
ClimateBC: Your Access to Interpolated Climate Data for BC
... the wet cool Sub-Boreal Spruce unit (SBSwk1) in the Central Interior of BC on the west side of the Quesnel Highlands and on the MacGregor Plateau. Conditions vary within a unit for any one variable, with precipitation showing the greatest range. Most of this variability is to be expected, but some m ...
... the wet cool Sub-Boreal Spruce unit (SBSwk1) in the Central Interior of BC on the west side of the Quesnel Highlands and on the MacGregor Plateau. Conditions vary within a unit for any one variable, with precipitation showing the greatest range. Most of this variability is to be expected, but some m ...
Hydrologic Implications of Climate Change for the Western US
... •Plan for the long haul. Where possible, make adaptive responses and agreements “self tending” to avoid repetitive costs of intervention as impacts increase over time. ...
... •Plan for the long haul. Where possible, make adaptive responses and agreements “self tending” to avoid repetitive costs of intervention as impacts increase over time. ...
The Kyoto Protocol and Global Climate Change
... The European Union and its member states have consistently been amongst the most enthusiastic promoters of the Kyoto Protocol and can be credited with keeping the process alive, after the US abandoned it in 2001. Since 1991, when it issued its first strategy to reduce European GHG emissions, the Eur ...
... The European Union and its member states have consistently been amongst the most enthusiastic promoters of the Kyoto Protocol and can be credited with keeping the process alive, after the US abandoned it in 2001. Since 1991, when it issued its first strategy to reduce European GHG emissions, the Eur ...
Met112lecture11
... The UN Framework Convention on Climate Change ‘stabilization of greenhouse gas concentrations in the atmosphere at a level that would prevent dangerous anthropogenic human induced interference with the climate system. Such a level should be achieved within a timeframe sufficient to allow ecosystems ...
... The UN Framework Convention on Climate Change ‘stabilization of greenhouse gas concentrations in the atmosphere at a level that would prevent dangerous anthropogenic human induced interference with the climate system. Such a level should be achieved within a timeframe sufficient to allow ecosystems ...
1 workshop proceedings day one: 20 th october 2016 - ClimDev
... o Notion that climate change is not an urgent priority ...
... o Notion that climate change is not an urgent priority ...
Tackling climate change at the local level
... the new planning system. Between now and the summer of 2009 the majority of local councils will draft their new Local Development Plans (LDPs). Councils such as Merton and Croydon in England have already demonstrated good practice in this area, and there is a huge scope for other councils to emulate ...
... the new planning system. Between now and the summer of 2009 the majority of local councils will draft their new Local Development Plans (LDPs). Councils such as Merton and Croydon in England have already demonstrated good practice in this area, and there is a huge scope for other councils to emulate ...
Geology 110: Earth and Space Science
... to help them figure out if it is really happening. (You are taking an Earth Science class after all). They ask you to generate a common sense index of climate change that could be used by long-time residents (>20 years) of your community. The index should not be too complicated, so you must identify ...
... to help them figure out if it is really happening. (You are taking an Earth Science class after all). They ask you to generate a common sense index of climate change that could be used by long-time residents (>20 years) of your community. The index should not be too complicated, so you must identify ...
What the Framework Convention on Climate Change
... question and then explore how we academics who have been in Arild’s orbit might help the Paris process become more effective. My answer to the question of why Paris “worked” lies centrally with how commitments are being negotiated in the Paris process. Instead of setting commitments through centrali ...
... question and then explore how we academics who have been in Arild’s orbit might help the Paris process become more effective. My answer to the question of why Paris “worked” lies centrally with how commitments are being negotiated in the Paris process. Instead of setting commitments through centrali ...
PDF
... provide a sufficient response to the problems of climate change. On the other hand, there are claims that any effective response will entail the end of industrial civilization as we know it. To complicate matters further, these claims commonly reflect strongly held ideological and social preferences ...
... provide a sufficient response to the problems of climate change. On the other hand, there are claims that any effective response will entail the end of industrial civilization as we know it. To complicate matters further, these claims commonly reflect strongly held ideological and social preferences ...
Climate Change and Agriculture Recommendations
... Notably, a 2013 USDA report found that sustainable agriculture practices and systems can improve the ability of agriculture to adapt to a rapidly changing climate. The report states: Adaptation measures such as . . . diversifying crop rotations, integrating livestock with crop production systems, im ...
... Notably, a 2013 USDA report found that sustainable agriculture practices and systems can improve the ability of agriculture to adapt to a rapidly changing climate. The report states: Adaptation measures such as . . . diversifying crop rotations, integrating livestock with crop production systems, im ...
Helping the poorest to survive
... The changing climate The global average temperature from 1990 to 2005 has increased by 0.2º C per decade. The temperature increase during 2090 – 2099 is projected at 1.8º - 4.0º C relative to 1980 -19991. The “average temperature” over Nepal rose by 0.06º C per year from 1977 to 1994 2. The mean ann ...
... The changing climate The global average temperature from 1990 to 2005 has increased by 0.2º C per decade. The temperature increase during 2090 – 2099 is projected at 1.8º - 4.0º C relative to 1980 -19991. The “average temperature” over Nepal rose by 0.06º C per year from 1977 to 1994 2. The mean ann ...
Ancient Risks, Current Challenges in the Himalayas
... disaster risk management (DRM) concerns and economic development concerns. DRM is currently perceived as a necessary constraint, rather than a driver of development. As long as this is so, society will only be “catching-up” to the increasing risks posed by development and climate change. Due to the ...
... disaster risk management (DRM) concerns and economic development concerns. DRM is currently perceived as a necessary constraint, rather than a driver of development. As long as this is so, society will only be “catching-up” to the increasing risks posed by development and climate change. Due to the ...
Greenhouse Gases Factsheet - Center for Sustainable Systems
... growth rate of emissions; it requires absolute emissions reduction.14 • Based on current climate regulations, global energy-related CO2 emissions are anticipated to increase by 21% from 2012 to 2040.15 • Non-OECD countries’ CO2 emissions are expected to increase by 2.2% annually, significantly fas ...
... growth rate of emissions; it requires absolute emissions reduction.14 • Based on current climate regulations, global energy-related CO2 emissions are anticipated to increase by 21% from 2012 to 2040.15 • Non-OECD countries’ CO2 emissions are expected to increase by 2.2% annually, significantly fas ...
PDF
... water supplies and snowpack are being altered as is the hydrograph. Furthermore, atmospheric greenhouse gas concentrations shall soon attain dangerous levels (Fri et al., 2010). Real global action to manage GHGs seems to be over the horizon if it ever will occur. It is virtually inevitable that clim ...
... water supplies and snowpack are being altered as is the hydrograph. Furthermore, atmospheric greenhouse gas concentrations shall soon attain dangerous levels (Fri et al., 2010). Real global action to manage GHGs seems to be over the horizon if it ever will occur. It is virtually inevitable that clim ...
Assessing the Risk of Climate Change on the Water Resources of
... attached [Carter and La Rovere, 2001]. For example, if greenhouse gas emission scenarios and climate change scenarios are plausible with no further likelihood, then the consequences of those scenarios in terms of impacts have the same limitations. This leads to a growing cascade of uncertainties ass ...
... attached [Carter and La Rovere, 2001]. For example, if greenhouse gas emission scenarios and climate change scenarios are plausible with no further likelihood, then the consequences of those scenarios in terms of impacts have the same limitations. This leads to a growing cascade of uncertainties ass ...
Greenhouse-gas emission targets for limiting global warming to 2 °C
... formally combined18. They are used here simply to represent the wide variety of modelling approaches, observational data and likelihood derivations used in previous studies, whose implications for an emission budget have not been analysed before. For illustrative purposes, we chose the climate sensi ...
... formally combined18. They are used here simply to represent the wide variety of modelling approaches, observational data and likelihood derivations used in previous studies, whose implications for an emission budget have not been analysed before. For illustrative purposes, we chose the climate sensi ...
Climate engineering
Climate engineering, also referred to as geoengineering or climate intervention, is the deliberate and large-scale intervention in the Earth’s climatic system with the aim of limiting adverse climate change. Climate engineering is an umbrella term for two types of measures: carbon dioxide removal and solar radiation management. Carbon dioxide removal addresses the cause of climate change by removing one of the greenhouse gases (carbon dioxide) from the atmosphere. Solar radiation management attempts to offset effects of greenhouse gases by causing the Earth to absorb less solar radiation.Climate engineering approaches are sometimes viewed as additional potential options for limiting climate change, alongside mitigation and adaptation. There is substantial agreement among scientists that climate engineering cannot substitute climate change mitigation. Some approaches might be used as accompanying measures to sharp cuts in greenhouse gas emissions. Given that all types of measures addressing climate change have economic, political or physical limitations a some climate engineering approaches might eventually be used as part of an ensemble of measures. Research on costs, benefits, and various types of risks of most climate engineering approaches is at an early stage and their understanding needs to improve to judge their adequacy and feasibility.No known large-scale climate engineering projects have taken place to date. Almost all research into solar geoengineering has consisted of computer modelling or laboratory tests, and attempts to move to real-world experimentation have proved controversial for many types of climate engineering. Some practices, such as planting of trees and whitening of surfaces as well as bio-energy with carbon capture and storage projects are underway, their scalability to effectively affect global climate is however debated. Ocean iron fertilization has been given small-scale research trials, sparking substantial controversy.Most experts and major reports advise against relying on geoengineering techniques as a simple solution to climate change, in part due to the large uncertainties over effectiveness and side effects. However, most experts also argue that the risks of such interventions must be seen in the context of risks of dangerous climate change. Interventions at large scale may run a greater risk disrupting natural systems resulting in a dilemma that those approaches that could prove highly (cost-) effective in addressing extreme climate risk, might themselves cause substantial risk. Some have suggested that the concept of geoengineering the climate presents a moral hazard because it could reduce political and public pressure for emissions reduction, which could exacerbate overall climate risks.Groups such as ETC Group and some climate researchers (such as Raymond Pierrehumbert) are in favour of a moratorium on out-of-doors testing and deployment of SRM.