Nutro Pet Nutrition Desk Reference Guide | Nutro.com
... Cats and dogs must have free access to drinking water at all times. Water has many essential functions for life. Water is the medium for transporting nutrients and waste through the body. It is required for most metabolic processes and regulation of body temperature. Water acts to lubricate the join ...
... Cats and dogs must have free access to drinking water at all times. Water has many essential functions for life. Water is the medium for transporting nutrients and waste through the body. It is required for most metabolic processes and regulation of body temperature. Water acts to lubricate the join ...
Assessment of very low calorie diets
... Safety Authority has requested VKM to propose minimum and maximum limits for the content of fat/ fatty acids, protein, carbohydrates, vitamins and minerals in VLCD products based on acknowledged scientific documentation. VKM is also asked to evaluate if VLCD products are suitable in the treatment of ...
... Safety Authority has requested VKM to propose minimum and maximum limits for the content of fat/ fatty acids, protein, carbohydrates, vitamins and minerals in VLCD products based on acknowledged scientific documentation. VKM is also asked to evaluate if VLCD products are suitable in the treatment of ...
Nutriceuticals: Over-the-Counter Products and Osteoporosis
... Long-term dietary calcium deficiency is a known risk factor for osteoporosis. The recommended daily calcium intake from diet and supplements combined is 1000 mg/day for people aged 19 to 50 and 1200 mg/ day for people older than 50. For all ages, the tolerable upper limit is 2500 mg calcium per day. ...
... Long-term dietary calcium deficiency is a known risk factor for osteoporosis. The recommended daily calcium intake from diet and supplements combined is 1000 mg/day for people aged 19 to 50 and 1200 mg/ day for people older than 50. For all ages, the tolerable upper limit is 2500 mg calcium per day. ...
LEVEL OF SELECTED LIPID FRACTIONS IN EGG YOLK OF HENS
... This investigation was aimed at the assessment of the effect of amaranth addition to laying hens fodder on egg yolk lipid fractions. The examinations were conducted on 32-week-old laying hens of ISA SHAVER line, divided into 4 groups: control (I) – fed without supplementation and experimental (II, I ...
... This investigation was aimed at the assessment of the effect of amaranth addition to laying hens fodder on egg yolk lipid fractions. The examinations were conducted on 32-week-old laying hens of ISA SHAVER line, divided into 4 groups: control (I) – fed without supplementation and experimental (II, I ...
Biotin and Folic Acid deficiency
... Taking a biotin-containing prenatal formula seems a reasonable step for pregnant women, since the vitamin is considered safe and has not been associated with adverse side effects. At least 25 countries have included biotinidase deficiency in their screening programs for neonatal disease. Biotin supp ...
... Taking a biotin-containing prenatal formula seems a reasonable step for pregnant women, since the vitamin is considered safe and has not been associated with adverse side effects. At least 25 countries have included biotinidase deficiency in their screening programs for neonatal disease. Biotin supp ...
Nutrition: Impact on Hair, Skin, and Nails
... and fatty acids. The result of absorption throughout the digestive system is solid waste product (feces). Feces are then moved through the anal canal for elimination from the body through the anus, completing the process of digestion. Any disruption in the digestive system can cause nutrient deficie ...
... and fatty acids. The result of absorption throughout the digestive system is solid waste product (feces). Feces are then moved through the anal canal for elimination from the body through the anus, completing the process of digestion. Any disruption in the digestive system can cause nutrient deficie ...
Hart, Rachel. Folic Acid. KNH 413 – Medical Nutrition Therapy II
... forgetfulness, and mental sluggishness (University of Maryland Medical Center [UMMC], 2013). If pregnant women do not get enough folic acid, their children may suffer from neural tube birth defects, including cleft palate, spina bifida, and brain damage (University of Maryland Medical Center [UMMC], ...
... forgetfulness, and mental sluggishness (University of Maryland Medical Center [UMMC], 2013). If pregnant women do not get enough folic acid, their children may suffer from neural tube birth defects, including cleft palate, spina bifida, and brain damage (University of Maryland Medical Center [UMMC], ...
Nutritional Benefits Why Fresh Juice? Health benefits of juicing
... with them. Our bodies need a wide range of vitamins, minerals and elements to function properly. Wheatgrass is a quick and easy way to ensure you get them, as well as repair damaged cells and heal and prevent disease. Studies by scientists have shown it to never be toxic in animals or humans. More e ...
... with them. Our bodies need a wide range of vitamins, minerals and elements to function properly. Wheatgrass is a quick and easy way to ensure you get them, as well as repair damaged cells and heal and prevent disease. Studies by scientists have shown it to never be toxic in animals or humans. More e ...
Contribution of animal source foods in improving diet quality and
... vitamin B12 include: organ meats (liver, kidney), other meats (beef, chicken, pork), dairy products, fish, eggs, and shellfish. Much of the B12 found in fermented foods is an inactive form that is not bioavailable to humans [16]. Plasma vitamin B12 levels in vegetarians are generally far below those ...
... vitamin B12 include: organ meats (liver, kidney), other meats (beef, chicken, pork), dairy products, fish, eggs, and shellfish. Much of the B12 found in fermented foods is an inactive form that is not bioavailable to humans [16]. Plasma vitamin B12 levels in vegetarians are generally far below those ...
Official PDF , 67 pages
... B12, and preformed vitamin A are the principal micronutrients found in animal products in bioavailable form (9). These micronutrients are associated with the positive effects of animal source foods in the diet on pregnancy outcome and lactation, fetal growth, child growth, cognitive function and lea ...
... B12, and preformed vitamin A are the principal micronutrients found in animal products in bioavailable form (9). These micronutrients are associated with the positive effects of animal source foods in the diet on pregnancy outcome and lactation, fetal growth, child growth, cognitive function and lea ...
contribution of animal source foods in improving diet quality for
... B12, and preformed vitamin A are the principal micronutrients found in animal products in bioavailable form (9). These micronutrients are associated with the positive effects of animal source foods in the diet on pregnancy outcome and lactation, fetal growth, child growth, cognitive function and lea ...
... B12, and preformed vitamin A are the principal micronutrients found in animal products in bioavailable form (9). These micronutrients are associated with the positive effects of animal source foods in the diet on pregnancy outcome and lactation, fetal growth, child growth, cognitive function and lea ...
Position of the American Dietetic Association: Nutrient
... goals for healthy individuals. These levels may not be adequate to replete individuals who are malnourished (24). In addition, levels higher, or lower, than recommended levels may be necessary to meet the needs of people with specific health conditions or who take medications that alter their requir ...
... goals for healthy individuals. These levels may not be adequate to replete individuals who are malnourished (24). In addition, levels higher, or lower, than recommended levels may be necessary to meet the needs of people with specific health conditions or who take medications that alter their requir ...
Protocol Title: A study on selected micronutrient intake of 2
... Micronutrients are of much importance in social and individual health. Micronutrients include variants vitamins and minerals such as vitamin A vitamin D, iron, Zinc and selenium . Because if our daily diet do not contain adequate amount of these necessary micronutrients then there will be various ty ...
... Micronutrients are of much importance in social and individual health. Micronutrients include variants vitamins and minerals such as vitamin A vitamin D, iron, Zinc and selenium . Because if our daily diet do not contain adequate amount of these necessary micronutrients then there will be various ty ...
social marketing of micronutrients in developing
... vitamin C-rich fruits, which assist the absorption of dietary iron, are readily available, programs could encourage their consumption. Food fortification is widespread in industrialized countries and is a major reason why micronutrient deficiencies are not a common public health problem there. In de ...
... vitamin C-rich fruits, which assist the absorption of dietary iron, are readily available, programs could encourage their consumption. Food fortification is widespread in industrialized countries and is a major reason why micronutrient deficiencies are not a common public health problem there. In de ...
3 Micronutrients - World Bank Group
... Combinations of three main strategies—increased dietary intake of micronutrients, fortification of common foods with micronutrients, and direct supplementation of high-risk groups—are the most frequent approaches used to prevent micronutrient deficiency diseases. Particularly for vitamin A, changes ...
... Combinations of three main strategies—increased dietary intake of micronutrients, fortification of common foods with micronutrients, and direct supplementation of high-risk groups—are the most frequent approaches used to prevent micronutrient deficiency diseases. Particularly for vitamin A, changes ...
nutritional aspects of avacado: a review
... competitor is the banana, with 25%. Avocados are also rich in potassium, B vitamins, fiber and antioxidants. B group vitamin and folates are an essential nutrient for cell division, blood production, heart health and during pregnancy. Adequate folate is critical for the prevention of foetal neural t ...
... competitor is the banana, with 25%. Avocados are also rich in potassium, B vitamins, fiber and antioxidants. B group vitamin and folates are an essential nutrient for cell division, blood production, heart health and during pregnancy. Adequate folate is critical for the prevention of foetal neural t ...
PDF
... et al. 1998). The bioconversion ratios in spinach for example have recently been estimated to fall between 33:1 and 73:1, as opposed to 12:1 (IVACG 1999). Research is currently under way to revise these previously established conversion factors. In developing countries, most of the vitamin A is inge ...
... et al. 1998). The bioconversion ratios in spinach for example have recently been estimated to fall between 33:1 and 73:1, as opposed to 12:1 (IVACG 1999). Research is currently under way to revise these previously established conversion factors. In developing countries, most of the vitamin A is inge ...
Chapter ---- Carbohydrates: Sugar, Starches and Fiber
... Vitamin B6 deficiency may result in anemia due to impaired hemoglobin synthesis (pyridozil phosphate) Both B6 and B12 are needed to synthesize the myelin coat of nerve cells. And essential for normal nerve cell transmission. ...
... Vitamin B6 deficiency may result in anemia due to impaired hemoglobin synthesis (pyridozil phosphate) Both B6 and B12 are needed to synthesize the myelin coat of nerve cells. And essential for normal nerve cell transmission. ...
Dietary Guidelines and Goals and Recommendations
... adults. Certain population groups that may need slightly more include those who are in a growth life cycle, such as children and pregnant women. Children’s needs also vary according to individual maintenance and protein deposition requirements. Age (yrs) ...
... adults. Certain population groups that may need slightly more include those who are in a growth life cycle, such as children and pregnant women. Children’s needs also vary according to individual maintenance and protein deposition requirements. Age (yrs) ...
VITAMIN A DEFICIENCY AND IRON DEFICIENCY IN CHINA:
... patients with clinical signs of VAD or complaining of night blindness. The only ophthalmologist interviewed was in one of the townships and she saw about five cases of night blindness and one case with clinical eye signs per year. These were all children from poor families and were usually malnouris ...
... patients with clinical signs of VAD or complaining of night blindness. The only ophthalmologist interviewed was in one of the townships and she saw about five cases of night blindness and one case with clinical eye signs per year. These were all children from poor families and were usually malnouris ...
Nutrient intakes of infants and toddlers from maternal and child care
... protein, carbohydrate, fat, calcium, iron, zinc and vitamin A were identified among the children [7]. Thus, up to now, an understanding of the diet of infants and toddlers is still limited, especially how the diet evolves over this period when children are transitioning from an all milk diet onto fa ...
... protein, carbohydrate, fat, calcium, iron, zinc and vitamin A were identified among the children [7]. Thus, up to now, an understanding of the diet of infants and toddlers is still limited, especially how the diet evolves over this period when children are transitioning from an all milk diet onto fa ...
Nutrients of Concern for Individuals Following a Plant
... milk. Vegans, however, essentially consume no dietary EPA and DHA. Both vegetarians and vegans may obtain these fatty acids in marine algae supplements, though.7 The body can convert the short-chain omega-3 fatty acid ALA into EPA and DHA, but that conversion is thought to produce only low levels (l ...
... milk. Vegans, however, essentially consume no dietary EPA and DHA. Both vegetarians and vegans may obtain these fatty acids in marine algae supplements, though.7 The body can convert the short-chain omega-3 fatty acid ALA into EPA and DHA, but that conversion is thought to produce only low levels (l ...
Chapter One
... Many metabolic processes involve oxidation reactions and can produce free radicals. Free radicals are also produced by ...
... Many metabolic processes involve oxidation reactions and can produce free radicals. Free radicals are also produced by ...
Retinol
Retinol is one of the animal forms of vitamin A. It is a diterpenoid and an alcohol. It is convertible to other forms of vitamin A, and the retinyl ester derivative of the alcohol serves as the storage form of the vitamin in animals.When converted to the retinal (retinaldehyde) form, vitamin A is essential for vision, and when converted to retinoic acid is essential for skin health, teeth remineralization and bone growth. These chemical compounds are collectively known as retinoids, and possess the structural motif of all-trans retinol as a common feature in their structure. Structurally, all retinoids also possess a β-ionone ring and a polyunsaturated side chain, with either an alcohol, aldehyde, a carboxylic acid group or an ester group. The side chain is composed of four isoprenoid units, with a series of conjugated double bonds which may exist in trans- or cis-configuration.Retinol is produced in the body from the hydrolysis of retinyl esters, and from the reduction of retinal. Retinol in turn is ingested in a precursor form; animal sources (liver and eggs) contain retinyl esters, whereas plants (carrots, spinach) contain provitamin A carotenoids (these may also be considered simply vitamin A). Hydrolysis of retinyl esters results in retinol, while provitamin A carotenoids can be cleaved to produce retinal by carotene dioxygenase in the intestinal mucosa. Retinal, also known as retinaldehyde, can be reversibly reduced to produce retinol or it can be irreversibly oxidized to produce retinoic acid, which then cannot function as the vitamin in the eye.Commercial production of retinol typically requires retinal synthesis through reduction of a pentadiene derivative and subsequent acidification/hydrolysis of the resulting isomer to produce retinol. Pure retinol is extremely sensitive to oxidization and is prepared and transported at low temperatures and oxygen free atmospheres. When prepared as a dietary supplement, retinol is stabilized as the ester derivatives retinyl acetate or retinyl palmitate.