Final report on Effects of environment on
... have reported a selection of our results. The results of the research programmes are reported under general titles, as most research programmes were intended to provide science in support of two or more objectives. We have appended a full list of publications for those who require further detail. Th ...
... have reported a selection of our results. The results of the research programmes are reported under general titles, as most research programmes were intended to provide science in support of two or more objectives. We have appended a full list of publications for those who require further detail. Th ...
Partial migration in fishes: causes and consequences
... it occurs for a given population, and offer little analysis into the factors that promote this fascinating behavioural variation, or assess the potential consequences. The proximate and ultimate mechanisms underlying partial migration in fishes are vague, and knowledge of the ecological and evolutio ...
... it occurs for a given population, and offer little analysis into the factors that promote this fascinating behavioural variation, or assess the potential consequences. The proximate and ultimate mechanisms underlying partial migration in fishes are vague, and knowledge of the ecological and evolutio ...
SAIN resources about Ecological Recovery
... its most rigorous sense is still in its infancy. Indeed, functional social networks that support adaptive management may be required before policy and scientific innovations can be realized. The obstacles to adaptive management in this case are similar to those encountered by other efforts of this t ...
... its most rigorous sense is still in its infancy. Indeed, functional social networks that support adaptive management may be required before policy and scientific innovations can be realized. The obstacles to adaptive management in this case are similar to those encountered by other efforts of this t ...
The Response of Natural Enemies to Selective Insecticides Applied
... 2009). Alternatives to broad-spectrum insecticides are referred to as reduced-risk or selective insecticides. They are deÞned by the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) as “insecticides that may reasonably be expected to accomplish one or more of the four following objectives: 1) reduce the risks ...
... 2009). Alternatives to broad-spectrum insecticides are referred to as reduced-risk or selective insecticides. They are deÞned by the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) as “insecticides that may reasonably be expected to accomplish one or more of the four following objectives: 1) reduce the risks ...
RESEARCH REPORT
... vegetation-open water interface (or edge) on success of largemouth bass Micropterus salmoides preying on bluegillsLepomis' macrochirus. Four enclosures were placed in a natural lake, with a different level of structural complexity in each: 1) all vegetation removed (NY enclosure); 2) vegetation left ...
... vegetation-open water interface (or edge) on success of largemouth bass Micropterus salmoides preying on bluegillsLepomis' macrochirus. Four enclosures were placed in a natural lake, with a different level of structural complexity in each: 1) all vegetation removed (NY enclosure); 2) vegetation left ...
Invited Testimony on HB1142, Environment Committee, Maryland
... football field. He radios to a nearby ship, whose 170-foot hull can hold more than a million menhaden. The ship maneuvers close enough to launch two 40-foot-long aluminum boats. The boats share a single purse seine—a net almost a third of a mile long threaded with lines to close it like a purse. The ...
... football field. He radios to a nearby ship, whose 170-foot hull can hold more than a million menhaden. The ship maneuvers close enough to launch two 40-foot-long aluminum boats. The boats share a single purse seine—a net almost a third of a mile long threaded with lines to close it like a purse. The ...
Marine Ecology Progress Series 282:87
... enrichments, which were correlated with increased epiphyte biomass, had strong negative effects on seagrass biomass. Grazers overall had a positive effect on shoot density, but negligible effects on seagrass biomass and growth rate. However, analyzing epiphyte grazers separately from other grazers r ...
... enrichments, which were correlated with increased epiphyte biomass, had strong negative effects on seagrass biomass. Grazers overall had a positive effect on shoot density, but negligible effects on seagrass biomass and growth rate. However, analyzing epiphyte grazers separately from other grazers r ...
Ecological Role of Vertebrate Scavengers
... detect distant carrion resources in benthic ecosystems (Smith 1985). In combination/these traits are the hlilimark of the group of organisms best adapted to scavenging as a way of life. Outside of this specialized group, the highly diverse assemblage of facultative scavengers varies in huw frequentl ...
... detect distant carrion resources in benthic ecosystems (Smith 1985). In combination/these traits are the hlilimark of the group of organisms best adapted to scavenging as a way of life. Outside of this specialized group, the highly diverse assemblage of facultative scavengers varies in huw frequentl ...
Widespread mesopredator effects after wolf extirpation Biological
... American West was settled and livestock were added to the landscape mostly during the second half of the 19th and early 20th century. During that time, large predators were the targets of widespread eradication efforts over much of the American West (Dunlap, 1988). In 1915, the U.S. Congress authori ...
... American West was settled and livestock were added to the landscape mostly during the second half of the 19th and early 20th century. During that time, large predators were the targets of widespread eradication efforts over much of the American West (Dunlap, 1988). In 1915, the U.S. Congress authori ...
Role, importance and vulnerability of top predators on the Great
... the two main target species of the RLF, the common coral trout and the red throat emperor, were significantly more abundant, larger and older in areas zoned Marine National Park ‘B’ (and so closed to fishing) than in adjacent General Use areas that have always been open to fishing. The magnitude of ...
... the two main target species of the RLF, the common coral trout and the red throat emperor, were significantly more abundant, larger and older in areas zoned Marine National Park ‘B’ (and so closed to fishing) than in adjacent General Use areas that have always been open to fishing. The magnitude of ...
Does food web structure affect detrital processing in streams?
... dreissenid densities than in sites with low dreissenid densities (Stewart et al. 1998). However, many of the macroinvertebrate taxa found in samples from high dreissenid density only fed on pseudo-feces produced by dreissenid mussels such as oligochaetes, leeches, limpets and snails (Stewart et al. ...
... dreissenid densities than in sites with low dreissenid densities (Stewart et al. 1998). However, many of the macroinvertebrate taxa found in samples from high dreissenid density only fed on pseudo-feces produced by dreissenid mussels such as oligochaetes, leeches, limpets and snails (Stewart et al. ...
Populations and Life Cycles - University of Hawaii at Hilo
... swept out to sea where they mature in salt water for about a year. As juveniles they re-enter freshwater streams and must crawl back up to their preferred habitat. This not only takes much longer but it leaves the Hihiwai dependent on stream flow, which can be interrupted by droughts and human actio ...
... swept out to sea where they mature in salt water for about a year. As juveniles they re-enter freshwater streams and must crawl back up to their preferred habitat. This not only takes much longer but it leaves the Hihiwai dependent on stream flow, which can be interrupted by droughts and human actio ...
A STUDY OF THE REEF FISH COMMUNITIES OF LAS PERLAS
... turbid, less saline and slightly cooler (D’Croz and Robertson, 1997). It also has a larger watershed, greater human population and a shallow continental shelf swept by strong tides, therefore making it nutrient rich. During the dry season, between January and March, the Bay of Panama, unlike the Gul ...
... turbid, less saline and slightly cooler (D’Croz and Robertson, 1997). It also has a larger watershed, greater human population and a shallow continental shelf swept by strong tides, therefore making it nutrient rich. During the dry season, between January and March, the Bay of Panama, unlike the Gul ...
UNIT 2 Practice TEST
... a. sharing resources by hunting at different times. b. sharing resources by looking for food in different places. c. parasitism. d. mutualism. e. commensalism. Which of the following statements about primary succession is false? a. It is initiated by pioneer species. b. It often involves species cha ...
... a. sharing resources by hunting at different times. b. sharing resources by looking for food in different places. c. parasitism. d. mutualism. e. commensalism. Which of the following statements about primary succession is false? a. It is initiated by pioneer species. b. It often involves species cha ...
- Centre for Biodiversity Theory and Modelling
... 1999). Despite their importance in elemental cycling, decomposers have long been studied as a black box about which little was known regarding its internal structure and dynamics (Tiedje et al. 1999). The explanation for this state of affairs lies at least partly in the technical difficulties of sep ...
... 1999). Despite their importance in elemental cycling, decomposers have long been studied as a black box about which little was known regarding its internal structure and dynamics (Tiedje et al. 1999). The explanation for this state of affairs lies at least partly in the technical difficulties of sep ...
American Fisheries Society
... sport fish in the United States and is intensively managed across much of its range. Beginning in 1989, Wisconsin implemented more restrictive harvest regulations for LMB, including greater minimum length limits, reduced bag limits, and a catch-and-release-only season during the spawning period acro ...
... sport fish in the United States and is intensively managed across much of its range. Beginning in 1989, Wisconsin implemented more restrictive harvest regulations for LMB, including greater minimum length limits, reduced bag limits, and a catch-and-release-only season during the spawning period acro ...
FACTORS UNDERLYING THE INTERACTIONS BETWEEN
... wildlife represented an important food source, especially for the poorer rural households. The importance of wild meat varied across the community and region, in relation to the socioeconomic characteristics of households, village size, forest condition, season, species biology, and cultural prefere ...
... wildlife represented an important food source, especially for the poorer rural households. The importance of wild meat varied across the community and region, in relation to the socioeconomic characteristics of households, village size, forest condition, season, species biology, and cultural prefere ...
BIOL 181: Life in the Oceans – Lecture Notes
... Population: a group of organisms of the same species that occupies a specific area. Different populations are separated from each other by barriers that prevent organisms from breeding. Biological community: populations of different species that occupy one habitat at the same time. The species that ...
... Population: a group of organisms of the same species that occupies a specific area. Different populations are separated from each other by barriers that prevent organisms from breeding. Biological community: populations of different species that occupy one habitat at the same time. The species that ...
Importance of the Allee effect for reintroductions1
... regroup or split tasks when hunting or defending resources. In these cases, the number of adults plays a key role in the survival and growth of the population and the Allee effect can be very significant (Courchamp, Grenfell & CluttonBrock, 1999b). Other, more specific or less common biological proc ...
... regroup or split tasks when hunting or defending resources. In these cases, the number of adults plays a key role in the survival and growth of the population and the Allee effect can be very significant (Courchamp, Grenfell & CluttonBrock, 1999b). Other, more specific or less common biological proc ...
2008_1009Task2_RME_Guidance_Partial
... understanding the recovery monitoring needs at the regional, local, and project level and the levels of certainty that may be needed. The recommendations included are for the salmon recovery entities within each ESU who are actively developing recovery plan monitoring programs, or are modifying exis ...
... understanding the recovery monitoring needs at the regional, local, and project level and the levels of certainty that may be needed. The recommendations included are for the salmon recovery entities within each ESU who are actively developing recovery plan monitoring programs, or are modifying exis ...
Moose and snowshoe hare competition and a
... allopatric twig consumptions by moose and hare were correlated with the twig production/plant. There was no difficulty in finding areas on Isle Royale where moose were naturally allopatric, because it appeared that certain sites did not have hare or they were at such low numbers as to be nonexistent ...
... allopatric twig consumptions by moose and hare were correlated with the twig production/plant. There was no difficulty in finding areas on Isle Royale where moose were naturally allopatric, because it appeared that certain sites did not have hare or they were at such low numbers as to be nonexistent ...
The Ruffe Population of Loch Lomond, Scotland
... stabilized to some extent but at a very high level. Gill-netting surveys conducted throughout Loch Lomond have shown that the high abundance of ruffe recorded at this site is representative of a large population throughout the loch. The diet of ruffe feeding in Loch Lomond differed both spatially an ...
... stabilized to some extent but at a very high level. Gill-netting surveys conducted throughout Loch Lomond have shown that the high abundance of ruffe recorded at this site is representative of a large population throughout the loch. The diet of ruffe feeding in Loch Lomond differed both spatially an ...
11 NOAA-Fisheries Draft Hatchery module 10-13-05
... populations. Hatchery programs need to coordinate with fishery management programs to maximize benefits and minimize biological risks so that they do not compromise overall plans to conserve populations. Hatchery programs need protocols to manage risks associated with fish health, broodstock collect ...
... populations. Hatchery programs need to coordinate with fishery management programs to maximize benefits and minimize biological risks so that they do not compromise overall plans to conserve populations. Hatchery programs need protocols to manage risks associated with fish health, broodstock collect ...
desert bighorn sheep of new mexico
... The goal of the PHVA is to assist the recovery of New Mexico’s desert bighorn sheep. Agency representatives, researchers, sportsmen, landowners and other interested parties are invited to collaboratively analyze the available information (much of which will be gathered before the workshop) and devel ...
... The goal of the PHVA is to assist the recovery of New Mexico’s desert bighorn sheep. Agency representatives, researchers, sportsmen, landowners and other interested parties are invited to collaboratively analyze the available information (much of which will be gathered before the workshop) and devel ...
Overexploitation
Overexploitation, also called overharvesting, refers to harvesting a renewable resource to the point of diminishing returns. Sustained overexploitation can lead to the destruction of the resource. The term applies to natural resources such as: wild medicinal plants, grazing pastures, game animals, fish stocks, forests, and water aquifers.In ecology, overexploitation describes one of the five main activities threatening global biodiversity. Ecologists use the term to describe populations that are harvested at a rate that is unsustainable, given their natural rates of mortality and capacities for reproduction. This can result in extinction at the population level and even extinction of whole species. In conservation biology the term is usually used in the context of human economic activity that involves the taking of biological resources, or organisms, in larger numbers than their populations can withstand. The term is also used and defined somewhat differently in fisheries, hydrology and natural resource management.Overexploitation can lead to resource destruction, including extinctions. However it is also possible for overexploitation to be sustainable, as discussed below in the section on fisheries. In the context of fishing, the term overfishing can be used instead of overexploitation, as can overgrazing in stock management, overlogging in forest management, overdrafting in aquifer management, and endangered species in species monitoring. Overexploitation is not an activity limited to humans. Introduced predators and herbivores, for example, can overexploit native flora and fauna.