Annual_report_for_2014-15
... fourth greatest since the gillnetting survey component was added in 1989. Preliminary results from the 2015 trawl survey differed somewhat from the gill-net results. Age-0 Yellow Perch catch rates increased about 3-fold from 2014. Trawl catch rates for yearling and older Yellow Perch only showed a m ...
... fourth greatest since the gillnetting survey component was added in 1989. Preliminary results from the 2015 trawl survey differed somewhat from the gill-net results. Age-0 Yellow Perch catch rates increased about 3-fold from 2014. Trawl catch rates for yearling and older Yellow Perch only showed a m ...
Improving the ecological understanding of species complexes: the
... (60.7%) was a result of mechanistic damage, likely to have occurred during capture and consumption of prey and/or decay of larvae in the gut of the predator. Bayesian estimates of the species structure of the larvae ingested by Hypseleotris spp. (Table 2) showed similar posterior probabilities for ...
... (60.7%) was a result of mechanistic damage, likely to have occurred during capture and consumption of prey and/or decay of larvae in the gut of the predator. Bayesian estimates of the species structure of the larvae ingested by Hypseleotris spp. (Table 2) showed similar posterior probabilities for ...
Lecture On The”Last Nigeria Vulture: The Consequence For Human
... In Nigeria, today we can acknowledge the true importance of our Ecosystems - the wetlands, forests, rivers, mangrove swamps and the part they play regarding our sustainable development. We have witnessed firsthand the implication of not fully paying attention to our Ecosystems and putting planet, p ...
... In Nigeria, today we can acknowledge the true importance of our Ecosystems - the wetlands, forests, rivers, mangrove swamps and the part they play regarding our sustainable development. We have witnessed firsthand the implication of not fully paying attention to our Ecosystems and putting planet, p ...
Chapter 2.1 - Ecosystems
... 9) Spider crap and Algae • Spider crabs live in shallow areas of the ocean floor. Greenish-brown algae lives on the crab's back, helping the crabs blend in with their environment, which makes them less noticeable to predators. The algae provided with a good place to live while the crab receives cam ...
... 9) Spider crap and Algae • Spider crabs live in shallow areas of the ocean floor. Greenish-brown algae lives on the crab's back, helping the crabs blend in with their environment, which makes them less noticeable to predators. The algae provided with a good place to live while the crab receives cam ...
Summary - Census of Marine Life Secretariat
... at very local scales. Sampling systems such as nets, and acoustical and optical instruments, which capture or count individual animals directly, can be deployed only over very small areas of the ocean at any one time using ships, mooring, or airplane overflights. Larger scale synoptic systems, such ...
... at very local scales. Sampling systems such as nets, and acoustical and optical instruments, which capture or count individual animals directly, can be deployed only over very small areas of the ocean at any one time using ships, mooring, or airplane overflights. Larger scale synoptic systems, such ...
Using Traditional Ecological Knowledge to Improve Holistic
... questions were grouped into categories based on their content: description of the local fishermen, their knowledge about the fisheries resources and the lagoon, and the temporal and spatial variations of the fishery activity and ecological processes. For the last four categories, responses were form ...
... questions were grouped into categories based on their content: description of the local fishermen, their knowledge about the fisheries resources and the lagoon, and the temporal and spatial variations of the fishery activity and ecological processes. For the last four categories, responses were form ...
biodiversity- global issues
... and is essential for human survival in the future. Humans depend on other species for all of their food and for many medicines and industrial products 22. Up to 80 per cent of the people in the developing countries depend on TRM for primary health care, most of which is derived from plants23 and som ...
... and is essential for human survival in the future. Humans depend on other species for all of their food and for many medicines and industrial products 22. Up to 80 per cent of the people in the developing countries depend on TRM for primary health care, most of which is derived from plants23 and som ...
Species-species association strengths
... measured as the deviation from expected values if species were distributed randomly on various habitats by chance. A positive association indicated that a species was found more often than expected by chance, while a negative value indicated that a species was found less often then by chance. Speci ...
... measured as the deviation from expected values if species were distributed randomly on various habitats by chance. A positive association indicated that a species was found more often than expected by chance, while a negative value indicated that a species was found less often then by chance. Speci ...
2 components to Habitat Fragmentation
... (parking lots, buildings, clearcuts, agriculture) • 2) Natural landscapes have natural edges with less contrast than human fragmented landscapes • 3) Some features of human habitat fragmentation - like roads pose specific threats to population viability ...
... (parking lots, buildings, clearcuts, agriculture) • 2) Natural landscapes have natural edges with less contrast than human fragmented landscapes • 3) Some features of human habitat fragmentation - like roads pose specific threats to population viability ...
Powerpoint 9
... from littoral to profundal, then declines in depth profundal Midges replaced by oligochaetes ...
... from littoral to profundal, then declines in depth profundal Midges replaced by oligochaetes ...
Fundamentals of Ecology - University of West Florida
... 0b&product_isbn_issn=9780495125440&d iscipline_number=22 ...
... 0b&product_isbn_issn=9780495125440&d iscipline_number=22 ...
ecosystem stability
... species, eat sea urchins, which in turn eat kelp. In the 1990s, sea otter populations off the coast of Alaska declined because orcas ate large numbers of otters. What effect did this have on the sea otters’ ecosystem? ...
... species, eat sea urchins, which in turn eat kelp. In the 1990s, sea otter populations off the coast of Alaska declined because orcas ate large numbers of otters. What effect did this have on the sea otters’ ecosystem? ...
Ecological Niches and Diversity Maintenance
... Implementing these new methods comes with all the usual difficulties of ecological field manipulation, but the ability to focus on surer methods [20] may ultimately lead to the kind of focus in experimental technique that leads to breakthroughs. In spite of the difficulty of understanding which coex ...
... Implementing these new methods comes with all the usual difficulties of ecological field manipulation, but the ability to focus on surer methods [20] may ultimately lead to the kind of focus in experimental technique that leads to breakthroughs. In spite of the difficulty of understanding which coex ...
Symbiosis Stories!
... The anemone provides a safe habitat for the damselfish since the fish exhibits a special tolerance to the sting of the anemone. At the same time, the fish removes debris from the anemone and acts as a colorful lure to attract fish to the anemone on which it can prey. Affect on damselfish____________ ...
... The anemone provides a safe habitat for the damselfish since the fish exhibits a special tolerance to the sting of the anemone. At the same time, the fish removes debris from the anemone and acts as a colorful lure to attract fish to the anemone on which it can prey. Affect on damselfish____________ ...
the state of the science: Forage Fish in the California Current
... rather than on single species, has been proposed as a way to, among other things, emphasize the role of forage fish in the ecosystem and consider catch on a secondary basis. Some federal and state agencies are starting to implement EBFM, although movements are slow. Complementary approaches include ...
... rather than on single species, has been proposed as a way to, among other things, emphasize the role of forage fish in the ecosystem and consider catch on a secondary basis. Some federal and state agencies are starting to implement EBFM, although movements are slow. Complementary approaches include ...
Applications of Sustainable Management Practices
... (Gordon 1954, see Anderson 1986 for more thorough analysis), it became evident that the fishing effort and yield that maximise the total profit obtained from a fishery were often lower than those for MSY (Fig. 2). Since commercial fishing is primarily a means for gaining economic wealth, the profit- ...
... (Gordon 1954, see Anderson 1986 for more thorough analysis), it became evident that the fishing effort and yield that maximise the total profit obtained from a fishery were often lower than those for MSY (Fig. 2). Since commercial fishing is primarily a means for gaining economic wealth, the profit- ...
MPA Monitoring Metrics: Kelp and Shallow Rock Ecosystems (0
... MPA MONITORING FRAMEWORK – AN ECOSYSTEMS APPROACH MPA monitoring is implemented under a framework (below) that is designed to efficiently take the pulse of ocean ecosystems and, over time, understand how conditions are changing and the role that MPAs play in bringing about those changes. ...
... MPA MONITORING FRAMEWORK – AN ECOSYSTEMS APPROACH MPA monitoring is implemented under a framework (below) that is designed to efficiently take the pulse of ocean ecosystems and, over time, understand how conditions are changing and the role that MPAs play in bringing about those changes. ...
Rossberg, A. G. (2012). Food webs. In A. Hastings
... as the number of outgoing links. In food-web theory, in-degree (number of resources) is also called generality of a species and out-degree (number of consumers) its vulnerability (not to confuse with vulnerability traits). Both, in- and out-degrees are distributed much more broadly in food webs than ...
... as the number of outgoing links. In food-web theory, in-degree (number of resources) is also called generality of a species and out-degree (number of consumers) its vulnerability (not to confuse with vulnerability traits). Both, in- and out-degrees are distributed much more broadly in food webs than ...
University of Groningen The Serengeti food web de Visser
... grouped nodes and includes both invertebrates and vertebrates ranging from body masses between 10)7 and 104 kg. 3. We study the topological changes in this food web that result from the simulated IUCN-based species-loss sequence representing current species vulnerability to human disturbances in and ...
... grouped nodes and includes both invertebrates and vertebrates ranging from body masses between 10)7 and 104 kg. 3. We study the topological changes in this food web that result from the simulated IUCN-based species-loss sequence representing current species vulnerability to human disturbances in and ...
Transactions of the American Fisheries Society High Diet Overlap
... well as among habitats and across seasons with dynamic food resource availability and foraging conditions. Thus, evaluating the potential for competition based on diet overlap may require comprehensive assessment of fish diets across both space and time. The dearth of such investigations for small f ...
... well as among habitats and across seasons with dynamic food resource availability and foraging conditions. Thus, evaluating the potential for competition based on diet overlap may require comprehensive assessment of fish diets across both space and time. The dearth of such investigations for small f ...
The Relationship Between Habitat Structure
... Sampling Design. - We sampled seven defined strata per module during each of three surveys (November 1986-January 1987). All eight modules were surveyed to determine the mean density, distribution, and body size of fishes. Strata included the crest and slope on rock substratum, an ecotone stratum (0 ...
... Sampling Design. - We sampled seven defined strata per module during each of three surveys (November 1986-January 1987). All eight modules were surveyed to determine the mean density, distribution, and body size of fishes. Strata included the crest and slope on rock substratum, an ecotone stratum (0 ...
Long Island Sound Resource Guide
... direct competition for the same space. While you are looking at the periwinkle snails, observe the rocks carefully during mid to low tide. Space in the rocky intertidal zone is important because with all the wave action, organisms that do not move in and out with the tide need someplace to hang onto ...
... direct competition for the same space. While you are looking at the periwinkle snails, observe the rocks carefully during mid to low tide. Space in the rocky intertidal zone is important because with all the wave action, organisms that do not move in and out with the tide need someplace to hang onto ...
Grand Challenge 1
... doi:10.1098/rspb.2011.0750 Relevance: We found that the spatial pattern of larvae changed over the two climate periods, being more upstream in low North Atlantic Oscillation years. We also demonstrate that spawning distribution and ocean circulation are the main factors shaping this distribution, wh ...
... doi:10.1098/rspb.2011.0750 Relevance: We found that the spatial pattern of larvae changed over the two climate periods, being more upstream in low North Atlantic Oscillation years. We also demonstrate that spawning distribution and ocean circulation are the main factors shaping this distribution, wh ...
Overexploitation
Overexploitation, also called overharvesting, refers to harvesting a renewable resource to the point of diminishing returns. Sustained overexploitation can lead to the destruction of the resource. The term applies to natural resources such as: wild medicinal plants, grazing pastures, game animals, fish stocks, forests, and water aquifers.In ecology, overexploitation describes one of the five main activities threatening global biodiversity. Ecologists use the term to describe populations that are harvested at a rate that is unsustainable, given their natural rates of mortality and capacities for reproduction. This can result in extinction at the population level and even extinction of whole species. In conservation biology the term is usually used in the context of human economic activity that involves the taking of biological resources, or organisms, in larger numbers than their populations can withstand. The term is also used and defined somewhat differently in fisheries, hydrology and natural resource management.Overexploitation can lead to resource destruction, including extinctions. However it is also possible for overexploitation to be sustainable, as discussed below in the section on fisheries. In the context of fishing, the term overfishing can be used instead of overexploitation, as can overgrazing in stock management, overlogging in forest management, overdrafting in aquifer management, and endangered species in species monitoring. Overexploitation is not an activity limited to humans. Introduced predators and herbivores, for example, can overexploit native flora and fauna.