The UNFCCC Convention and the Kyoto Protocol fact sheet
... countries least prepared to counter them. Many African countries are among the most vulnerable to the impacts of climate change. Global warming is caused by an excess of heat-trapping gases, first and foremost carbon dioxide, methane and nitrous oxides. These gases mainly result from the burning of ...
... countries least prepared to counter them. Many African countries are among the most vulnerable to the impacts of climate change. Global warming is caused by an excess of heat-trapping gases, first and foremost carbon dioxide, methane and nitrous oxides. These gases mainly result from the burning of ...
A Safe Landing for the Climate (Chapter 2)
... are associated with most CO2 emission on the energy balance of the lower atmosphere. Inertia : - When no one wants to do anything to change a situation. Technically ,it means the force that keeps an object in the same position on keeps it moving until it is moved or stopped by another force. It coul ...
... are associated with most CO2 emission on the energy balance of the lower atmosphere. Inertia : - When no one wants to do anything to change a situation. Technically ,it means the force that keeps an object in the same position on keeps it moving until it is moved or stopped by another force. It coul ...
100530_ShanhaiForumPresSubmitted1_Husar
... Connectedness and Interactions along Multiple Dimensions Spatial: There is ONE atmosphere that circulates the Earth every two weeks. All countries are connected through the atmospheric ‘conveyer belt’. Temporal: CO2 resides in the atmosphere for hundreds of years. Today’s emissions impact future gen ...
... Connectedness and Interactions along Multiple Dimensions Spatial: There is ONE atmosphere that circulates the Earth every two weeks. All countries are connected through the atmospheric ‘conveyer belt’. Temporal: CO2 resides in the atmosphere for hundreds of years. Today’s emissions impact future gen ...
Understanding Our Environment
... Kyoto Protocol (1997) signed in Japan as a follow up of the earth’s summit(1992) in Rio de Janeiro 160 nations agreed to roll back carbon dioxide, methane, and nitrous oxide emissions about 5% below 1990 levels by 2012. Also included 3 other green house gases to be reduced: hydrofluorocarbon (CF ...
... Kyoto Protocol (1997) signed in Japan as a follow up of the earth’s summit(1992) in Rio de Janeiro 160 nations agreed to roll back carbon dioxide, methane, and nitrous oxide emissions about 5% below 1990 levels by 2012. Also included 3 other green house gases to be reduced: hydrofluorocarbon (CF ...
AR4: observed vs. modelled global climate change What do models
... • More heat-waves, droughts and extreme rainfalls • More intense cyclones ...
... • More heat-waves, droughts and extreme rainfalls • More intense cyclones ...
Global Warming - Mr. Kramar`s Social Studies Website
... Oil pipelines are at risk of rupturing because of the unstable ground below. An oil spill in the arctic can be catastrophic to the sensitive environment. The melting permafrost covers millions of square miles of vegetation and prevents it from rotting. When exposed, the vegetation that has been cove ...
... Oil pipelines are at risk of rupturing because of the unstable ground below. An oil spill in the arctic can be catastrophic to the sensitive environment. The melting permafrost covers millions of square miles of vegetation and prevents it from rotting. When exposed, the vegetation that has been cove ...
Environmental issues with energy
... Rate of world energy usage in terawatts (TW), 1965-2005.[1] There are many environmental issues with energy with the largest being climate change due predominantly to the burning of fossil fuels and the direct impact of greenhouse gases on the Earths environment. In recent years there has been a tre ...
... Rate of world energy usage in terawatts (TW), 1965-2005.[1] There are many environmental issues with energy with the largest being climate change due predominantly to the burning of fossil fuels and the direct impact of greenhouse gases on the Earths environment. In recent years there has been a tre ...
Study Guide - Unit 3 - Environmental Issues
... Part 1 – Journal Entry – As part of this social studies course, you will study the political/economic/scientific controversy surrounding environmental issues, and form your own conclusions in an essay for part 2. Go to the following sites to explore each of these questions, write your responses in y ...
... Part 1 – Journal Entry – As part of this social studies course, you will study the political/economic/scientific controversy surrounding environmental issues, and form your own conclusions in an essay for part 2. Go to the following sites to explore each of these questions, write your responses in y ...
Ch12 Climate Change and Humans
... Used for refrigerants, coolants, fire extinguishing ; Concern: thin the ozone layer, global warming potential is 12000 to 15000x greater than CO2 ...
... Used for refrigerants, coolants, fire extinguishing ; Concern: thin the ozone layer, global warming potential is 12000 to 15000x greater than CO2 ...
Climate is the average meteorological conditions—temperature
... 2. does not make policy decisions. 3. is not in charge of global climate ...
... 2. does not make policy decisions. 3. is not in charge of global climate ...
The Economics of Externalities & Climate Change Eric Jamelske Department of Economics
... to other aspects of climate. Anthropogenic warming over the last three decades has likely had a discernible influence at the global scale on observed changes in many physical and biological systems. ...
... to other aspects of climate. Anthropogenic warming over the last three decades has likely had a discernible influence at the global scale on observed changes in many physical and biological systems. ...
IFLRY Position Paper on Climate Change
... consequences of the burning of fossil fuels. Climate change is happening now. We have to limit the consequences so that they won’t be worse than they already are, and help people who are suffering from the consequences to adapt. It is also essential to further develop sustainable solutions, such as ...
... consequences of the burning of fossil fuels. Climate change is happening now. We have to limit the consequences so that they won’t be worse than they already are, and help people who are suffering from the consequences to adapt. It is also essential to further develop sustainable solutions, such as ...
Overview of the Cool Earth Partnership
... to reduce emissions, such as efforts to enhance energy efficiency. At the same time, we will extend the hand of assistance to developing countries suffering severe adverse impacts as a result of climate change. In addition, Japan aims to create a new multilateral fund together with the United States ...
... to reduce emissions, such as efforts to enhance energy efficiency. At the same time, we will extend the hand of assistance to developing countries suffering severe adverse impacts as a result of climate change. In addition, Japan aims to create a new multilateral fund together with the United States ...
coal use and climate change - Colorado Mining Association
... Pollution Prevention Program where companies achieve recognition for their efforts in protecting the environment, reducing chemical use, and controlling greenhouse gas emissions, just to name a few examples. In 2003, the Environmental Protection Agency recognized the CMA program with a Friend of EPA ...
... Pollution Prevention Program where companies achieve recognition for their efforts in protecting the environment, reducing chemical use, and controlling greenhouse gas emissions, just to name a few examples. In 2003, the Environmental Protection Agency recognized the CMA program with a Friend of EPA ...
The global development of policy regimes to combat climate change
... – Delegates agreed to “launch a process to develop a protocol, another legal instrument or an agreed outcome with legal force…applicable to all parties” by 2015 which would enter into force by 2020; – Recognised “gap” between Copenhagen-Cancun pledges/commitments and 2°C target, but no agreement to ...
... – Delegates agreed to “launch a process to develop a protocol, another legal instrument or an agreed outcome with legal force…applicable to all parties” by 2015 which would enter into force by 2020; – Recognised “gap” between Copenhagen-Cancun pledges/commitments and 2°C target, but no agreement to ...
Know your carbon footprint
... The debate is thus strategic (not scientific) and companies taking voluntary climate action are not practicing philanthropy or pure social responsibility (although many couch their activities in the language of ‘doing the right thing’). In fact, many companies are agnostic about the science of clima ...
... The debate is thus strategic (not scientific) and companies taking voluntary climate action are not practicing philanthropy or pure social responsibility (although many couch their activities in the language of ‘doing the right thing’). In fact, many companies are agnostic about the science of clima ...
The policy implications of cumulative greenhouse gas emissions or
... – Contamination of ground water? ...
... – Contamination of ground water? ...
Notes 19.4
... - Voters usually respond better to short-term problems compared to long-term 3.) Projected harmful and beneficial impacts of climate change are not spread evenly: - certain areas will suffer first and have more devastating outcomes then others 4.) Solutions are controversial - Phasing out fossil fue ...
... - Voters usually respond better to short-term problems compared to long-term 3.) Projected harmful and beneficial impacts of climate change are not spread evenly: - certain areas will suffer first and have more devastating outcomes then others 4.) Solutions are controversial - Phasing out fossil fue ...
Climate Change Powerpoint
... line with upper limit of the EU's commitment to reduce its GHG emissions to 95% below 1990 levels by 2050; – a binding EU 2030 50% reduction target for GHG emissions – it is both realistic and affordable; – a binding EU 2030 energy efficiency target of 40 %, in line with research on cost-effective e ...
... line with upper limit of the EU's commitment to reduce its GHG emissions to 95% below 1990 levels by 2050; – a binding EU 2030 50% reduction target for GHG emissions – it is both realistic and affordable; – a binding EU 2030 energy efficiency target of 40 %, in line with research on cost-effective e ...
Global Warming - staeger science
... An international agreement linked to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change The Protocol places a heavier burden on developed nations under the principle of "common but differentiated responsibilities." IPCC (Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change) advises the decisions at the ...
... An international agreement linked to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change The Protocol places a heavier burden on developed nations under the principle of "common but differentiated responsibilities." IPCC (Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change) advises the decisions at the ...
a declaration
... recognition of the Inter-governmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) report and its conclusion that global emissions of greenhouse gases (GHGs) need to peak in the next 10–15 years and be reduced to very low levels, well below half of levels in 2000 by the middle of the twenty-first century. We are ...
... recognition of the Inter-governmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) report and its conclusion that global emissions of greenhouse gases (GHGs) need to peak in the next 10–15 years and be reduced to very low levels, well below half of levels in 2000 by the middle of the twenty-first century. We are ...
Politics of global warming
The politics of global warming are complex due to numerous factors that arise from the global economy's interdependence on carbon dioxide emitting hydrocarbon energy sources and because carbon dioxide is directly implicated in global warming - making global warming a non-traditional environmental challenge:Implications to all aspects of a nation-state's economy - The vast majority of the world economy relies on energy sources or manufacturing techniques that release greenhouse gases at almost every stage of production, transportation, storage, delivery & disposal while a consensus of the world's scientists attribute global warming to the release of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases. This intimate linkage between global warming and economic vitality implicates almost every aspect of a nation-state's economy; Perceived lack of adequate advanced energy technologies - Fossil fuel abundance and low prices continue to put pressure on the development of adequate advanced energy technologies that can realistically replace the role of fossil fuels - as of 2010, over 91% of the worlds energy is derived from fossil fuels and non carbon-neutral technologies. Developing countries do not have cost effective access to the advanced energy technologies that they need for development (most advanced technologies has been developed by and exist in the developed world). Without adequate and cost effective post-hydrocarbon energy sources, it is unlikely the countries of the developed or developing world would accept policies that would materially affect their economic vitality or economic development prospects;Industrialization of the developing world - As developing nations industrialize their energy needs increase and since conventional energy sources produce carbon dioxide, the carbon dioxide emissions of developing countries are beginning to rise at a time when the scientific community, global governance institutions and advocacy groups are telling the world that carbon dioxide emissions should be decreasing. Without access to cost effective and abundant energy sources many developing countries see climate change as a hindrance to their unfettered economic development;Metric selection (transparency) and perceived responsibility / ability to respond - Among the countries of the world, disagreements exist over which greenhouse gas emission metrics should be used like total emissions per year, per capita emissions per year, CO2 emissions only, deforestation emissions, livestock emissions or even total historical emissions. Historically, the release of carbon dioxide has not been historically even among all nation-states and nation-states have challenges with determining who should restrict emissions and at what point of their industrial development they should be subject to such commitments;Vulnerable developing countries and developed country legacy emissions - Some developing nations blame the developed world for having created the global warming crisis because it was the developed countries that emitted most of the carbon dioxide over the twentieth century and vulnerable countries perceive that it should be the developed countries that should pay to address the challenge;Consensus-driven global governance models - The global governance institutions that evolved during the 20th century are all consensus driven deliberative forums where agreement is difficult to achieve and even when agreement is achieved it is almost impossible to enforce;Well organized and funded special-interest lobbying bodies - Special interest lobbying by well organized groups distort and amplify aspects of the challenge (environmental lobbying, energy industry lobbying, other special interest lobbying);Politicization of climate science - Although there is a consensus on the science of global warming and its likely effects - some special interests groups work to suppress the consensus while others work to amplify the alarm of global warming. All parties that engage in such acts add to the politicization of the science of global warming. The result is a clouding of the reality of the global warming problem.The focus areas for global warming politics are Adaptation, Mitigation, Finance, Technology and Losses which are well quantified and studied but the urgency of the global warming challenge combined with the implication to almost every facet of a nation-state's economic interests places significant burdens on the established largely-voluntary global institutions that have developed over the last century; institutions that have been unable to effectively reshape themselves and move fast enough to deal with this unique challenge. Rapidly developing countries who see traditional energy sources as a means to fuel their development, well funded aggressive environmental lobbying groups and an established fossil fuel energy paradigm boasting a mature and sophisticated political lobbying infrastructure all combine to make global warming politics extremely polarized. Distrust between developed and developing countries at most international conferences that seek to address the topic add to the challenges. Further adding to the complexity is the advent of the Internet and the development of media technologies like blogs and other mechanisms for disseminating information that enable the exponential growth in production and dissemination of competing points of view which make it nearly impossible for the development and dissemination of an objective view into the enormity of the subject matter and its politics.