Russia and Neighbouring Countries: Environmental, Economic and
... finally began to really address the urgent problem of climate change. Extreme weather, such as Hurricane Katrina, and severe floods in Europe, Africa and India, appears to have become more frequent. It has become increasingly likely that these are not simply freak events but part of a larger pattern ...
... finally began to really address the urgent problem of climate change. Extreme weather, such as Hurricane Katrina, and severe floods in Europe, Africa and India, appears to have become more frequent. It has become increasingly likely that these are not simply freak events but part of a larger pattern ...
The Economics of Climate Change
... What level of concentrations should be set? "Stabilising at or below 550 ppm CO2e (around 440 – 500 ppm CO2 only) would require global emissions to peak in the next 10 - 20 years, and then fall at a rate of at least 1 - 3% per year. By 2050, global emissions would need to be around 25% below current ...
... What level of concentrations should be set? "Stabilising at or below 550 ppm CO2e (around 440 – 500 ppm CO2 only) would require global emissions to peak in the next 10 - 20 years, and then fall at a rate of at least 1 - 3% per year. By 2050, global emissions would need to be around 25% below current ...
The impact of climate change on the global economy
... there have been a number of studies that have both agreed with and contradicted the initial assessments. Covington and Thamotheram (2015) base their analysis on so called “climate damage functions” that quantify the risk the economy faces as a result of climate change. Economic climate damage is def ...
... there have been a number of studies that have both agreed with and contradicted the initial assessments. Covington and Thamotheram (2015) base their analysis on so called “climate damage functions” that quantify the risk the economy faces as a result of climate change. Economic climate damage is def ...
Signatures of the Antarctic ozone hole in Southern Hemisphere
... The observed summertime trend towards the high-index polarity of the SAM between the pre-ozone-hole and ozone-hole eras has been shown to be statistically significant 15–17 and distinct from estimates of natural variability 15. As discussed later in this Review, qualitatively similar trends towards ...
... The observed summertime trend towards the high-index polarity of the SAM between the pre-ozone-hole and ozone-hole eras has been shown to be statistically significant 15–17 and distinct from estimates of natural variability 15. As discussed later in this Review, qualitatively similar trends towards ...
inglés332.92 kb
... Copenhagen Agreement for each country to provide its own emission reduction targets unilaterally. This idea then took hold with the agreement of the COP 20 in Lima, which aimed to have each country develop a report on Intended Nationally Determined Contributions (INDCs). This report had to contain a ...
... Copenhagen Agreement for each country to provide its own emission reduction targets unilaterally. This idea then took hold with the agreement of the COP 20 in Lima, which aimed to have each country develop a report on Intended Nationally Determined Contributions (INDCs). This report had to contain a ...
SB 14-66 Climate Change: The Latest United
... cause of the observed warming since the mid-20th century” and that “substantial and sustained” cuts in greenhouse gas emissions would be required to curb climate change. The report sets out four emission scenarios. In three of these temperatures are likely to exceed 1.5oC by 2100 (compared to 1850-1 ...
... cause of the observed warming since the mid-20th century” and that “substantial and sustained” cuts in greenhouse gas emissions would be required to curb climate change. The report sets out four emission scenarios. In three of these temperatures are likely to exceed 1.5oC by 2100 (compared to 1850-1 ...
Climate change - GBRMPA ELibrary
... • increased severity of storms and cyclones • ocean acidification • changed rainfall and runoff • changes to the El Niño Southern Oscillation The ecological consequences of these climatic changes will be serious, and some have already been observed. Coral bleaching has started to increase in frequenc ...
... • increased severity of storms and cyclones • ocean acidification • changed rainfall and runoff • changes to the El Niño Southern Oscillation The ecological consequences of these climatic changes will be serious, and some have already been observed. Coral bleaching has started to increase in frequenc ...
Avoiding dangerous climate change: Emissions pathways
... AVOID is funded by the Department of Energy and Climate Change and the Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs ...
... AVOID is funded by the Department of Energy and Climate Change and the Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs ...
Mao et al., 2016. - Site BU
... exhibited higher LAI trends than those lacking explicit nitrogen cycles, reflecting in part a human influence from increased nitrogen deposition (Supplementary Fig. 7a,b). Consistent with the results of offline land surface models including carbon–nitrogen dynamics (for example, Fig. 4c in ref. 4), ...
... exhibited higher LAI trends than those lacking explicit nitrogen cycles, reflecting in part a human influence from increased nitrogen deposition (Supplementary Fig. 7a,b). Consistent with the results of offline land surface models including carbon–nitrogen dynamics (for example, Fig. 4c in ref. 4), ...
Warming - Amazon Web Services
... that of the British Hadley Centre for Climate Change. Although they differ in the details, due to the inclusion of different data sets and use of different spatial averaging and quality control procedures, they both show a consistent picture, with a global mean warming of 0.8°C since the late ninete ...
... that of the British Hadley Centre for Climate Change. Although they differ in the details, due to the inclusion of different data sets and use of different spatial averaging and quality control procedures, they both show a consistent picture, with a global mean warming of 0.8°C since the late ninete ...
White Paper
... change, tsunamis, and earthquakes. If installed with repeaters or blisters, about every 5070km, an exceptional new network of environmental sensors would produce long realtime data series for much of the 70% of the planet that lies below the oceans and coastal seas. These sensors would be installed ...
... change, tsunamis, and earthquakes. If installed with repeaters or blisters, about every 5070km, an exceptional new network of environmental sensors would produce long realtime data series for much of the 70% of the planet that lies below the oceans and coastal seas. These sensors would be installed ...
The intensification and shift of the annual North Atlantic Oscillation in
... part of the recent observed winter variation may be a result of anthropogenic forcing. Even combining this anthropogenic forcing and internal variability cannot explain all of the recent observed variations, indicating either some model deficiency or that some other external forcing is partly respon ...
... part of the recent observed winter variation may be a result of anthropogenic forcing. Even combining this anthropogenic forcing and internal variability cannot explain all of the recent observed variations, indicating either some model deficiency or that some other external forcing is partly respon ...
A Framework for Elucidating the Temperature Dependence of Fitness.
... kinetics may be driving the temperature responses of fitness components themselves. For instance, reproductive traits are likely to be affected by temperature effects on hormonal regulation (Nijhout 1994), and the survivorship of free-living stages are likely to be affected by temperature effects on ...
... kinetics may be driving the temperature responses of fitness components themselves. For instance, reproductive traits are likely to be affected by temperature effects on hormonal regulation (Nijhout 1994), and the survivorship of free-living stages are likely to be affected by temperature effects on ...
Climate Change and Children - Nemours Children`s Health System
... CO2 is the most important anthropogenic greenhouse gas. CO2 is not destroyed chemically; its removal from the atmosphere occurs through multiple processes that store the carbon transiently in land and ocean reservoirs and ultimately in mineral deposits [1]. Natural processes currently remove about h ...
... CO2 is the most important anthropogenic greenhouse gas. CO2 is not destroyed chemically; its removal from the atmosphere occurs through multiple processes that store the carbon transiently in land and ocean reservoirs and ultimately in mineral deposits [1]. Natural processes currently remove about h ...
BAM Nordenstahl RuppaKasani vs MS Lee Meyer
... emissions linked to climate change for months. “The president has been very clear in the direction in he is moving,” McCarthy said. “He is not changing at all.” While there is little lawmakers can do to block the U.S.-China climate agreement McConnell’s aides have already started investigating ways ...
... emissions linked to climate change for months. “The president has been very clear in the direction in he is moving,” McCarthy said. “He is not changing at all.” While there is little lawmakers can do to block the U.S.-China climate agreement McConnell’s aides have already started investigating ways ...
The evolving and increasing need for climate change research on
... provide important services to humans; impacts on key marine and coastal organisms, ecosystems, and services are already detectable, across all latitudes, and will face high risks well before 2100; immediate and substantial reduction of CO2 emissions is required to prevent irreversible impacts on oce ...
... provide important services to humans; impacts on key marine and coastal organisms, ecosystems, and services are already detectable, across all latitudes, and will face high risks well before 2100; immediate and substantial reduction of CO2 emissions is required to prevent irreversible impacts on oce ...
Learning to Die in the Anthropocene
... destruction by natural disasters in regions across the globe.”5 On the civilian side, the World Bank’s 2013 report, Turn Down the Heat: Climate Extremes, Regional Impacts, and the Case for Resilience, and their 2014 follow-up Confronting the New Climate Normal, offer dire prognoses for the effects o ...
... destruction by natural disasters in regions across the globe.”5 On the civilian side, the World Bank’s 2013 report, Turn Down the Heat: Climate Extremes, Regional Impacts, and the Case for Resilience, and their 2014 follow-up Confronting the New Climate Normal, offer dire prognoses for the effects o ...
GTAP 2015 Conference Paper # 4650 Coupling Socioeconomic
... energy goods, along with some additional features, such as a coupling for exporting GHG emissions and other environmental pollutants to ACCESS-CM. In this modelling exercise, ACCESS-CM and GTEM-C are forced to follow the Inter-Governmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) Representative Concentration ...
... energy goods, along with some additional features, such as a coupling for exporting GHG emissions and other environmental pollutants to ACCESS-CM. In this modelling exercise, ACCESS-CM and GTEM-C are forced to follow the Inter-Governmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) Representative Concentration ...
Natural selection and climate change: temperature
... Mitton et al. 1989). Such environmental correlation of molecular marker diversity is interpreted as evidence of adaptive genetic differentiation (Linhart & Grant 1996; Nevo 2001). The opposing view, based on evidence gained from some of the same species, is that these correlations of alleles with pa ...
... Mitton et al. 1989). Such environmental correlation of molecular marker diversity is interpreted as evidence of adaptive genetic differentiation (Linhart & Grant 1996; Nevo 2001). The opposing view, based on evidence gained from some of the same species, is that these correlations of alleles with pa ...
Want to Hunt Polar Bears
... variety of environmental conditions. Indeed, British Channel 4 Television recently aired the documentary “The Great Global Warming Swindle,” in which one scientist pointed out that polar bears ...
... variety of environmental conditions. Indeed, British Channel 4 Television recently aired the documentary “The Great Global Warming Swindle,” in which one scientist pointed out that polar bears ...
CCSF Recruitment - University of Exeter
... CCSF research is motivated by providing useful information on environmental change, its causes, and ways to deal with it. It makes no sense to generate such information but not share it, just as it makes no sense to generate information without finding-out what is “useful” – so two communication ...
... CCSF research is motivated by providing useful information on environmental change, its causes, and ways to deal with it. It makes no sense to generate such information but not share it, just as it makes no sense to generate information without finding-out what is “useful” – so two communication ...
A Tipping-Elements Expedition in the Footsteps of
... Amazon rainforest – Droughts in Amazonia tend to cause (partial) dieback of the rainforest, and a reduction in forest cover, in turn, tends to amplify the decrease in precipitation. Several processes give rise to this positive feedback loop and the possibility of tipping-element behavior of the syst ...
... Amazon rainforest – Droughts in Amazonia tend to cause (partial) dieback of the rainforest, and a reduction in forest cover, in turn, tends to amplify the decrease in precipitation. Several processes give rise to this positive feedback loop and the possibility of tipping-element behavior of the syst ...
A climate model-based review of drought in the Sahel: Deserti cation, the re-greening and climate change.
... a feedback on precipitation. Zeng et al. (1999), Wang and Eltahir (2000) and Giannini et al. (2003), among others, discuss some of the potential mechanisms, which involve soil moisture, dust and vegetation (see Fig. 5, taken from Zeng et al., 1999). Evaporation plays a central role in these feedback ...
... a feedback on precipitation. Zeng et al. (1999), Wang and Eltahir (2000) and Giannini et al. (2003), among others, discuss some of the potential mechanisms, which involve soil moisture, dust and vegetation (see Fig. 5, taken from Zeng et al., 1999). Evaporation plays a central role in these feedback ...
Biodiversity baselines, thresholds and resilience: testing predictions
... response to climate change Predicted climate changes over the next 50–70 years suggest that global temperatures may increase by up to 48C and atmospheric CO2 concentrations may rise from today’s 380 ppmv to >1000 ppmv [19,20]. Furthermore, the rate of these changes will be rapid with some models pre ...
... response to climate change Predicted climate changes over the next 50–70 years suggest that global temperatures may increase by up to 48C and atmospheric CO2 concentrations may rise from today’s 380 ppmv to >1000 ppmv [19,20]. Furthermore, the rate of these changes will be rapid with some models pre ...
Confronting climate change: Ethical issues
... – Does protection of basic earth systems, such as climate, have unique ethical value? ...
... – Does protection of basic earth systems, such as climate, have unique ethical value? ...
Instrumental temperature record
The instrumental temperature record shows fluctuations of the temperature of earth's climate system. Initially the instrumental temperature record only documented land and sea surface temperature, but in recent decades instruments have also begun recording ocean temperature. Data is collected from thousands of meteorological stations around the globe and through satellite observations. The longest-running temperature record is the Central England temperature data series, that starts in 1659. The longest-running quasi-global record starts in 1850.