Quantifying the effects of climate variability and human activities on
... however, both have a remarkable increasing trend (at a significance level of 0.05 and 0.01, respectively) at a rate of 10.5 and 8.4 mm every 10 years, respectively. The average observed runoff from 1960 to 2009 is 186.4 mm, which is smaller than average precipitation. The Mann–Kendall–Sneyers test w ...
... however, both have a remarkable increasing trend (at a significance level of 0.05 and 0.01, respectively) at a rate of 10.5 and 8.4 mm every 10 years, respectively. The average observed runoff from 1960 to 2009 is 186.4 mm, which is smaller than average precipitation. The Mann–Kendall–Sneyers test w ...
Confronting Climate Change in the Great Lakes Region
... he Great Lakes region of the United States and Canada is a land of striking glacial legacies: spectacular lakes, vast wetlands, fertile southern soils, and rugged northern terrain forested in spruce and fir. It is also home to 60 million people whose actions can profoundly affect the region’s ecolog ...
... he Great Lakes region of the United States and Canada is a land of striking glacial legacies: spectacular lakes, vast wetlands, fertile southern soils, and rugged northern terrain forested in spruce and fir. It is also home to 60 million people whose actions can profoundly affect the region’s ecolog ...
Recent developments on the South American monsoon system
... La Plata Basin (LPB) Regional Hydroclimate Project, which includes the CLARIS LPB Europe-South America Network for Climate Change Assessment and Impact Studies in La Plata Basin Project. The latter assesses atmosphere-land surface interactions, the role of land use changes and aerosols from biomass ...
... La Plata Basin (LPB) Regional Hydroclimate Project, which includes the CLARIS LPB Europe-South America Network for Climate Change Assessment and Impact Studies in La Plata Basin Project. The latter assesses atmosphere-land surface interactions, the role of land use changes and aerosols from biomass ...
Coalition formation in Integrated Assessment Models
... Nash equilibrium” (Chander and Tulkens 1992). This concept assumes a binding contract can be formulated, but that such a contract will only be signed (and ratified) when this is in the interest on the region. For identical players, Barrett (1994) showed that only small coalitions can be stable if th ...
... Nash equilibrium” (Chander and Tulkens 1992). This concept assumes a binding contract can be formulated, but that such a contract will only be signed (and ratified) when this is in the interest on the region. For identical players, Barrett (1994) showed that only small coalitions can be stable if th ...
text - Tilburg University
... migration.1 Although it is complicated to estimate the precise numbers of those likely to be displaced as a result of global warming, scientists predict the number will be between 50 million and 350 million by 2050.2 The current situation in Bangladesh is one of the most striking examples of such ev ...
... migration.1 Although it is complicated to estimate the precise numbers of those likely to be displaced as a result of global warming, scientists predict the number will be between 50 million and 350 million by 2050.2 The current situation in Bangladesh is one of the most striking examples of such ev ...
From Davos to Copenhagen and Beyond
... The environmental and economic risks of the magnitude of climate change projected for the 21st century are considerable and have featured prominently in recent international policy debatesviii. The IPCCix concluded, with very high confidence, that climate change would imped ...
... The environmental and economic risks of the magnitude of climate change projected for the 21st century are considerable and have featured prominently in recent international policy debatesviii. The IPCCix concluded, with very high confidence, that climate change would imped ...
Program - Asian Development Bank
... of insurance. This session will discuss how the the insurance industry is promoting disaster risk reduction, climate change adaptation and mitigation, financial inclusion and the broader sustainable development agenda as risk managers, risk carriers and institutional investors. It will feature vario ...
... of insurance. This session will discuss how the the insurance industry is promoting disaster risk reduction, climate change adaptation and mitigation, financial inclusion and the broader sustainable development agenda as risk managers, risk carriers and institutional investors. It will feature vario ...
Potential Effects of Climate Change on Crop Pollination
... focused on pollination limitations in wild plants, in recent years there has been an increasing recognition of the importance of animal pollination in food production. Klein et al. (2007) found that fruit, vegetable or seed production from 87 of the world’s leading food crops depend upon animal poll ...
... focused on pollination limitations in wild plants, in recent years there has been an increasing recognition of the importance of animal pollination in food production. Klein et al. (2007) found that fruit, vegetable or seed production from 87 of the world’s leading food crops depend upon animal poll ...
Climate Change Scenarios + cov.
... what is causing all these changes? “There is new and stronger evidence that most of the warming observed over the last 50 years is attributable to human activities mainly brought about through changes in the atmospheric composition due to the increase in emissions of greenhouse gases and aerosols” ( ...
... what is causing all these changes? “There is new and stronger evidence that most of the warming observed over the last 50 years is attributable to human activities mainly brought about through changes in the atmospheric composition due to the increase in emissions of greenhouse gases and aerosols” ( ...
Differential responses of seabirds to
... al., 2008b), the mechanistic response of seabirds to local climate variability has been elusive and others suggested only weak relationships (Satterthwaite et al., 2012; Renner et al., 2014). This is probably due, in part, to reproductive failure that may occur at several stages of the breeding proc ...
... al., 2008b), the mechanistic response of seabirds to local climate variability has been elusive and others suggested only weak relationships (Satterthwaite et al., 2012; Renner et al., 2014). This is probably due, in part, to reproductive failure that may occur at several stages of the breeding proc ...
extinction - Center for Biological Diversity
... foraging grounds is likely to result in lower winter survival and reproductive success for Arctic foxes.26,27 Desperate foxes deprived of the sea ice may resort to searching for food in human settlements and industrial sites, which increases the potential for conflicts with humans and often ends in ...
... foraging grounds is likely to result in lower winter survival and reproductive success for Arctic foxes.26,27 Desperate foxes deprived of the sea ice may resort to searching for food in human settlements and industrial sites, which increases the potential for conflicts with humans and often ends in ...
the compendium of adaptation models for climate
... Adaptation is essential to decreasing the current and unavoidable impacts from climate change. The net benefits of adaptation are experienced earlier than those of mitigations as they are immediate (Berkhout, 2005). While mitigation measures can be implemented now, the residence time (atmospheric li ...
... Adaptation is essential to decreasing the current and unavoidable impacts from climate change. The net benefits of adaptation are experienced earlier than those of mitigations as they are immediate (Berkhout, 2005). While mitigation measures can be implemented now, the residence time (atmospheric li ...
PDF
... production data (see e.g. Antle, 1987, 1989; Pope and Just, 1991; Chavas and Holt, 1996). First, with actual production data it is difficult to disentangle adaptation due to changes in risk and risk perception from other reasons such as changes in soil fertility, or new market opportunities. Second, ...
... production data (see e.g. Antle, 1987, 1989; Pope and Just, 1991; Chavas and Holt, 1996). First, with actual production data it is difficult to disentangle adaptation due to changes in risk and risk perception from other reasons such as changes in soil fertility, or new market opportunities. Second, ...
Chapter 3: Changing Arctic: Indigenous Perspectives
... way of life is so closely linked to their surroundings. It is also important to consider how these indigenous residents observe and feel about the changes that are occurring.Together, such perspectives can help the global community understand what is at stake in a changing Arctic. Much of the Arctic ...
... way of life is so closely linked to their surroundings. It is also important to consider how these indigenous residents observe and feel about the changes that are occurring.Together, such perspectives can help the global community understand what is at stake in a changing Arctic. Much of the Arctic ...
PDF
... little, too fast”; developing countries should play a more substantial role and receive incentives to participate; implementation should focus on market-based approaches, especially those with price mechanisms; and participation and compliance incentives are inadequately addressed by most proposals. ...
... little, too fast”; developing countries should play a more substantial role and receive incentives to participate; implementation should focus on market-based approaches, especially those with price mechanisms; and participation and compliance incentives are inadequately addressed by most proposals. ...
Extinction: It`s Not Just for Polar Bears.
... foraging grounds is likely to result in lower winter survival and reproductive success for Arctic foxes.26,27 Desperate foxes deprived of the sea ice may resort to searching for food in human settlements and industrial sites, which increases the potential for conflicts with humans and often ends in ...
... foraging grounds is likely to result in lower winter survival and reproductive success for Arctic foxes.26,27 Desperate foxes deprived of the sea ice may resort to searching for food in human settlements and industrial sites, which increases the potential for conflicts with humans and often ends in ...
Assessing an IPCC Assessment: An Analysis of Statements on Projected Regional Impacts in the 2007 Report
... ranging from (very) small errors in numbers to imprecise literature references. In addition, the PBL has some critical comments to make. One of these relates to the fact that the report does not specify how many of the additional heatrelated deaths projected for Australian cities are actually attrib ...
... ranging from (very) small errors in numbers to imprecise literature references. In addition, the PBL has some critical comments to make. One of these relates to the fact that the report does not specify how many of the additional heatrelated deaths projected for Australian cities are actually attrib ...
Climate Change Analysis
... Figure 2.4: Grid boxes for regional Basin projections (e.g., Canadian Global Climate Model).......................... 10 Figure 2.5: (a) Basin average annual mean temperature record and 50-year trends (b) Basin average annual mean temperature record and 30-year trends................................ ...
... Figure 2.4: Grid boxes for regional Basin projections (e.g., Canadian Global Climate Model).......................... 10 Figure 2.5: (a) Basin average annual mean temperature record and 50-year trends (b) Basin average annual mean temperature record and 30-year trends................................ ...
UK Climate Change Risk Assessment 2017 Synthesis Report
... Directives, and the European Structural Investment Fund. Compensatory UK measures may be stronger or weaker than their EU equivalents. The Adaptation Sub-Committee will consider the implications of the EU Referendum and the Government’s response to the result in its next statutory progress report on ...
... Directives, and the European Structural Investment Fund. Compensatory UK measures may be stronger or weaker than their EU equivalents. The Adaptation Sub-Committee will consider the implications of the EU Referendum and the Government’s response to the result in its next statutory progress report on ...
Jul 2, 2016 - Science and Environmental Policy Project
... State Attorneys General: The chronology of the subpoena of certain records of the Competitive Enterprise Institute (CEI) by Attorney General Claude Earl Walker of U.S. Virgin Islands becomes an interesting study of legal over-reach and pull-back. CEI general counsel Sam Kazman has a good re-cap of e ...
... State Attorneys General: The chronology of the subpoena of certain records of the Competitive Enterprise Institute (CEI) by Attorney General Claude Earl Walker of U.S. Virgin Islands becomes an interesting study of legal over-reach and pull-back. CEI general counsel Sam Kazman has a good re-cap of e ...
pdf file)
... incorporating assumptions about a reasonable range of temperatures and precipitation levels. Given anticipated climate changes and the inherent uncertainty associated with such changes, a pavement could be subjected to very different climatic conditions over the design life and might be inadequat ...
... incorporating assumptions about a reasonable range of temperatures and precipitation levels. Given anticipated climate changes and the inherent uncertainty associated with such changes, a pavement could be subjected to very different climatic conditions over the design life and might be inadequat ...
Climate change in Italy indicated by agrometeorological indices over
... This asymmetric shift towards lower rainfall intensities does not necessarily mean that the quantity of rain decreased only in small rainfall events. Also the quantity in heavy rainfall events might have decreased. The asymmetric shift is a partially artificial effect resulting from the shape of the ...
... This asymmetric shift towards lower rainfall intensities does not necessarily mean that the quantity of rain decreased only in small rainfall events. Also the quantity in heavy rainfall events might have decreased. The asymmetric shift is a partially artificial effect resulting from the shape of the ...
Climate Change and Its Causes - The Science and Public Policy
... Figure 4: Climate sensitivity to CO2 doubling in function of the feedbacks (from Knutti and Hegerl [5]). Note the large uncertainty: a CO2 doubling may cause a global warming from 1 oC to 10 oC at equilibrium. The figure on the left explains why there exists such a large error. The GHG warming theo ...
... Figure 4: Climate sensitivity to CO2 doubling in function of the feedbacks (from Knutti and Hegerl [5]). Note the large uncertainty: a CO2 doubling may cause a global warming from 1 oC to 10 oC at equilibrium. The figure on the left explains why there exists such a large error. The GHG warming theo ...