The Long-Run Effects of Losing the Civil War: Evidence from Border
... treatment of Union and Confederate veterans themselves. Nothing in the existing literature has tracked comparable individuals from both the Union and Confederate sides in order to observe di↵erences in long-run outcomes at the individual level.2 For the most part, this is due to data unavailability ...
... treatment of Union and Confederate veterans themselves. Nothing in the existing literature has tracked comparable individuals from both the Union and Confederate sides in order to observe di↵erences in long-run outcomes at the individual level.2 For the most part, this is due to data unavailability ...
Little Rock, AR 72221 • Email: g.hendershott
... Confederate General Walter Husted Stevens, General Robert E. Lee’s Staff Chief Engineer of the Confederacy, Army of Northern Virginia The Last Confederate Commander to leave Richmond as it was burning At General Robert E. Lee’s side during the surrender at Appomattox A very rare Confederate General’ ...
... Confederate General Walter Husted Stevens, General Robert E. Lee’s Staff Chief Engineer of the Confederacy, Army of Northern Virginia The Last Confederate Commander to leave Richmond as it was burning At General Robert E. Lee’s side during the surrender at Appomattox A very rare Confederate General’ ...
History in the Making
... silent. The president-elect, in fact, found the requests somewhat annoying. Lincoln thought he clearly stated his position during the campaign: he would not interfere with slavery where it already existed. Nothing about that had changed since he won, and he did not want to commit himself to a course ...
... silent. The president-elect, in fact, found the requests somewhat annoying. Lincoln thought he clearly stated his position during the campaign: he would not interfere with slavery where it already existed. Nothing about that had changed since he won, and he did not want to commit himself to a course ...
Notes on the Civil War - Garrett Academy Of Technology
... Defend, defend, defend – hold out until the North gives up King Cotton Diplomacy – withhold cotton vital for Great Britian’s and France’s economy until they agreed to recognize the CSA, declare the Union blockade illegal, and assist the CSA in the war effort – ultimately a failure – GB and France we ...
... Defend, defend, defend – hold out until the North gives up King Cotton Diplomacy – withhold cotton vital for Great Britian’s and France’s economy until they agreed to recognize the CSA, declare the Union blockade illegal, and assist the CSA in the war effort – ultimately a failure – GB and France we ...
Areas of the Valley – Part 1
... S. Grant’s Overland Campaign north of Richmond, Gen. Robert E. Lee sent Gen. Jubal Early north through the Valley with instructions to strike all the way to Washington DC, if possible. After his victory at Monocacy, Maryland on July 9, Early made limited attacks against Washington’s strong fortifica ...
... S. Grant’s Overland Campaign north of Richmond, Gen. Robert E. Lee sent Gen. Jubal Early north through the Valley with instructions to strike all the way to Washington DC, if possible. After his victory at Monocacy, Maryland on July 9, Early made limited attacks against Washington’s strong fortifica ...
Camp 1220 May 2014
... “themed” Flag from his truck on campus, Superintendent James Parla said. 17-year-old Greg Vied told a local news agency he had been suspended from the school after refusing to comply with a Vice Principal’s order to take the flag down, drawing the ire of the American Civil Liberties Union (ALCU). "T ...
... “themed” Flag from his truck on campus, Superintendent James Parla said. 17-year-old Greg Vied told a local news agency he had been suspended from the school after refusing to comply with a Vice Principal’s order to take the flag down, drawing the ire of the American Civil Liberties Union (ALCU). "T ...
Fauquier County Civil War Heritage Brochure
... parlor of the home (located on the front left side), Major John Mosby, following orders, converted his rangers into a formal unit of the Confederate Army, Company A of the 43rd Virginia Battalion of Cavalry. The first four officers were appointed by Mosby here, then “elected” by his men. Within 48 h ...
... parlor of the home (located on the front left side), Major John Mosby, following orders, converted his rangers into a formal unit of the Confederate Army, Company A of the 43rd Virginia Battalion of Cavalry. The first four officers were appointed by Mosby here, then “elected” by his men. Within 48 h ...
American Civil War - Yesterday`s Muse Books
... alphabetical reference of field officers under Lee’s command during the American Civil War, with brief accounts of service. Includes appendix of other Confederate field officers in armies other the Northern Virginia, and a list of regiments and battalions in the Army of Northern Virginia. Near fine ...
... alphabetical reference of field officers under Lee’s command during the American Civil War, with brief accounts of service. Includes appendix of other Confederate field officers in armies other the Northern Virginia, and a list of regiments and battalions in the Army of Northern Virginia. Near fine ...
Commanders of the Confederacy
... Leadership of the Confederacy Third Confederate National Flag Four days after his resignation, Davis was commissioned a Major General of Mississippi troops.[3] On February 9, 1861, a constitutional convention at Montgomery, Alabama named him provisional president of the Confederate States of America ...
... Leadership of the Confederacy Third Confederate National Flag Four days after his resignation, Davis was commissioned a Major General of Mississippi troops.[3] On February 9, 1861, a constitutional convention at Montgomery, Alabama named him provisional president of the Confederate States of America ...
Renewed Vigor: How the Confederate retaliatory burning
... attack the enemy’s industries and centers of population inaccessible from their armies.17 Not until 1948 was the term first applied to the Civil War by John B. Walters’ article, “General William Tecumseh Sherman and Total War,” published in the Journal of Southern History.18 However, during this tim ...
... attack the enemy’s industries and centers of population inaccessible from their armies.17 Not until 1948 was the term first applied to the Civil War by John B. Walters’ article, “General William Tecumseh Sherman and Total War,” published in the Journal of Southern History.18 However, during this tim ...
ENCYCLOPEDIA OF CIVIL WAR BATTLES 63
... Hooker’s corps, at about 3:30 p.m., crossed Antietam Creek and began attacking Jackson’s front, which was pushed back until dark. Mansfield’s force then followed Hooker, crossing the Antietam by the same ford and bridge and remaining about a mile behind Hooker’s men. These Union forces slept that ni ...
... Hooker’s corps, at about 3:30 p.m., crossed Antietam Creek and began attacking Jackson’s front, which was pushed back until dark. Mansfield’s force then followed Hooker, crossing the Antietam by the same ford and bridge and remaining about a mile behind Hooker’s men. These Union forces slept that ni ...
Sacrificed to the Bad Management...of Others
... soldier was gifted with prophecy so as to say who would be the next of his company’s comrades to miss roll call, that there was a secret inspiration of hope in each one’s heart that “I will escape the dangers so prevalent in battle.”23 What had started as an early morning skirmish between leading el ...
... soldier was gifted with prophecy so as to say who would be the next of his company’s comrades to miss roll call, that there was a secret inspiration of hope in each one’s heart that “I will escape the dangers so prevalent in battle.”23 What had started as an early morning skirmish between leading el ...
The Civil War Infantry Doctrine
... The large scale and advanced weaponry presented opportunities as well as challenges. On the battlefield, commanding officers had to solve these ‘tactical problems’. The tactical insight of one officer, expressed by his ability and willingness to make effective use of those under his command, could m ...
... The large scale and advanced weaponry presented opportunities as well as challenges. On the battlefield, commanding officers had to solve these ‘tactical problems’. The tactical insight of one officer, expressed by his ability and willingness to make effective use of those under his command, could m ...
- Explore Georgia
... Cumberland. Most recruiting took control, and enslaved Georgians place in summer 1864, when the began making their way to 44th USCI was stationed in Rome, Union lines. On April 7, 1862, Ga., and its ranks grew to approximately 800 black Abraham Murchison, an escaped slave and preacher enlisted men c ...
... Cumberland. Most recruiting took control, and enslaved Georgians place in summer 1864, when the began making their way to 44th USCI was stationed in Rome, Union lines. On April 7, 1862, Ga., and its ranks grew to approximately 800 black Abraham Murchison, an escaped slave and preacher enlisted men c ...
The Gettysburg Campaign: Birth of the Operational Art?
... Union forces were similarly dispersed, reaching from the Minnesota to Maine. With a total of some 435,000, primary concentrations were 115,000 in Virginia with the Army of the Potomac, 84,000 in Middle Tennessee with the Army of the Tennessee, 38,000 in Kentucky with the Army of the Ohio, and Grant ...
... Union forces were similarly dispersed, reaching from the Minnesota to Maine. With a total of some 435,000, primary concentrations were 115,000 in Virginia with the Army of the Potomac, 84,000 in Middle Tennessee with the Army of the Tennessee, 38,000 in Kentucky with the Army of the Ohio, and Grant ...
naylonMaurice - Georgetown University
... seek to rationalize decisions with reasoning that represents personal biases. Furthermore, when first-hand accounts are not necessarily self-serving, biases still exist. In reporting on an event, accuracy falls victim to time elapsed and associated memory loss, perspective during the event, and self ...
... seek to rationalize decisions with reasoning that represents personal biases. Furthermore, when first-hand accounts are not necessarily self-serving, biases still exist. In reporting on an event, accuracy falls victim to time elapsed and associated memory loss, perspective during the event, and self ...
April, 2015 - Stow Historical Society
... Lee surrendered his Army of Northern Virginia, signaling the unescapable defeat of the Confederacy. Just five days later, President Abraham Lincoln was shot by John Wilkes Booth at Ford Theater in Washington. See the next newsletter for more on the second. On the night of April 2, 1865 Lee led his d ...
... Lee surrendered his Army of Northern Virginia, signaling the unescapable defeat of the Confederacy. Just five days later, President Abraham Lincoln was shot by John Wilkes Booth at Ford Theater in Washington. See the next newsletter for more on the second. On the night of April 2, 1865 Lee led his d ...
Lincoln, the Commander-in
... many more raw ones within supporting distance, all in addition to those who fought with you at Gettysburg; while it was not possible that he had received a single recruit; and yet you stood and let the flood run down, bridges be built, and the enemy move away at his leisure, without attacking him. A ...
... many more raw ones within supporting distance, all in addition to those who fought with you at Gettysburg; while it was not possible that he had received a single recruit; and yet you stood and let the flood run down, bridges be built, and the enemy move away at his leisure, without attacking him. A ...
THE THIRD REGIMENT MAINE VOLUNTEER INFANTRY
... discipline to overcome the impulse to flight, when they go into action the flood of adrenaline makes them oblivious to danger and fear. * ‘Fighting Drunk’, mostly officers but some enlisted men would drink liquor before a battle. The men may have been issued a whisky ration before battle but usually ...
... discipline to overcome the impulse to flight, when they go into action the flood of adrenaline makes them oblivious to danger and fear. * ‘Fighting Drunk’, mostly officers but some enlisted men would drink liquor before a battle. The men may have been issued a whisky ration before battle but usually ...
Word document
... nearly a month for the earthworks and gun positions to be made ready. Just as things were ready, the Confederates evacuated both towns. With these two towns in Union hands, it didn’t take much of a struggle to take Norfolk. Lincoln himself arrived to oversee the operation. McClellan was less than th ...
... nearly a month for the earthworks and gun positions to be made ready. Just as things were ready, the Confederates evacuated both towns. With these two towns in Union hands, it didn’t take much of a struggle to take Norfolk. Lincoln himself arrived to oversee the operation. McClellan was less than th ...
General George Brinton McClellan: The Cautious
... nearly a month for the earthworks and gun positions to be made ready. Just as things were ready, the Confederates evacuated both towns. With these two towns in Union hands, it didn’t take much of a struggle to take Norfolk. Lincoln himself arrived to oversee the operation. McClellan was less than th ...
... nearly a month for the earthworks and gun positions to be made ready. Just as things were ready, the Confederates evacuated both towns. With these two towns in Union hands, it didn’t take much of a struggle to take Norfolk. Lincoln himself arrived to oversee the operation. McClellan was less than th ...
Areas of the Valley – Part 2
... US 211). He then used the natural screen of the Massanutten to conceal his army as he moved north along the Luray-Front Royal Turnpike (modern-day US 340) to surprise Union forces at Front Royal and Winchester, temporarily driving them from the Valley and sending the Union leadership into an uproar. ...
... US 211). He then used the natural screen of the Massanutten to conceal his army as he moved north along the Luray-Front Royal Turnpike (modern-day US 340) to surprise Union forces at Front Royal and Winchester, temporarily driving them from the Valley and sending the Union leadership into an uproar. ...
UNIVERSITY OF MARYLAND UNIVERSITY COLLEGE
... Hill's Corps, with no success. At about the same time there was a major cavalry battle off to the east. The next day, July 4th, Lee expected a counter-attack, which never came. The evening of July 4th the Confederates began pulling out of their defensive lines and retreating through the Blue Ridge m ...
... Hill's Corps, with no success. At about the same time there was a major cavalry battle off to the east. The next day, July 4th, Lee expected a counter-attack, which never came. The evening of July 4th the Confederates began pulling out of their defensive lines and retreating through the Blue Ridge m ...
CWT Bi-State Narrative Side VA
... In Virginia, Confederate President Jefferand engraved by George E. Perine. son Davis directed a defensive war at first. When U.S. forces marched into northern Virginia to attack Manassas Junction in July 1861, the result was a stunning Confederate victory. The Federals fared better along the northea ...
... In Virginia, Confederate President Jefferand engraved by George E. Perine. son Davis directed a defensive war at first. When U.S. forces marched into northern Virginia to attack Manassas Junction in July 1861, the result was a stunning Confederate victory. The Federals fared better along the northea ...
the emancipation proclamation
... – Provision that exempted slave owner or overseer for every plantation with 20 or more slaves led to grumbling about a “rich man’s war and a poor man’s ...
... – Provision that exempted slave owner or overseer for every plantation with 20 or more slaves led to grumbling about a “rich man’s war and a poor man’s ...
Battle of Malvern Hill
The Battle of Malvern Hill, also known as the Battle of Poindexter's Farm, was fought on July 1, 1862 between the Confederate Army of Northern Virginia, led by Gen. Robert E. Lee, and the Union Army of the Potomac under Maj. Gen. George B. McClellan. It was the final battle of the Seven Days Battles during the American Civil War, taking place on a 130-foot (40 m) elevation of land known as Malvern Hill, near the Confederate capital of Richmond, Virginia and just one mile (1.6 km) from the James River. More than fifty thousand soldiers from each side took part, using more than two hundred pieces of artillery and three warships.The Seven Days Battles were the climax of the Peninsula Campaign, during which McClellan's Army of the Potomac sailed around the Confederate lines, landed at the tip of the Virginia Peninsula, southeast of Richmond, and struck inland towards the Confederate capital. Confederate commander-in-chief Joseph E. Johnston fended off McClellan's repeated attempts to take the city, slowing Union progress on the peninsula to a crawl. When Johnston was wounded, Lee took command and launched a series of counterattacks, collectively called the Seven Days Battles. These attacks culminated in the action on Malvern Hill.The Union's V Corps, commanded by Brig. Gen. Fitz John Porter, took up positions on the hill on June 30. McClellan was not present for the initial exchanges of the battle, having boarded the ironclad USS Galena and sailed down the James River to inspect Harrison's Landing, where he intended to locate the base for his army. Confederate preparations were hindered by several mishaps. Bad maps and faulty guides caused Confederate Maj. Gen. John Magruder to be late for the battle, an excess of caution delayed Maj. Gen. Benjamin Huger, and Maj. Gen. Stonewall Jackson had problems collecting the Confederate artillery. The battle occurred in stages: an initial exchange of artillery fire, a minor charge by Confederate Brig. Gen. Lewis Armistead, and three successive waves of Confederate infantry charges triggered by unclear orders from Lee and the actions of Maj. Gens. Magruder and D. H. Hill, respectively. In each phase, the effectiveness of the Federal artillery was the deciding factor, repulsing attack after attack, resulting in a tactical Union victory. After the battle, McClellan and his forces withdrew from Malvern Hill to Harrison's Landing, where he remained until August 16. His plan to capture Richmond had been thwarted.In the course of four hours, a series of blunders in planning and communication had caused Lee's forces to launch three failed frontal infantry assaults across hundreds of yards of open ground, unsupported by Confederate artillery, charging toward firmly entrenched Union infantry and artillery defenses. These errors provided Union forces with an opportunity to inflict heavy casualties. In the aftermath of the battle, however, the Confederate press heralded Lee as the savior of Richmond. In stark contrast, McClellan was accused of being absent from the battlefield, a harsh criticism that haunted him when he ran for president in 1864.