Insights from the ocean carbon cycle
... detrending the data via a spline approach (cutoff period: 40 years) [Enting, 1987]. The predecessor of CESM1, CCSM4, is known to be too sensitive to volcanic forcing [Ault et al., 2013; Meehl et al., 2011]. To minimize interference by this strong sensitivity, we focus on time periods without major vo ...
... detrending the data via a spline approach (cutoff period: 40 years) [Enting, 1987]. The predecessor of CESM1, CCSM4, is known to be too sensitive to volcanic forcing [Ault et al., 2013; Meehl et al., 2011]. To minimize interference by this strong sensitivity, we focus on time periods without major vo ...
Theoretical mechanism for natural radiative forcing of El Nino
... isotopes (standardized to have same mean and standard deviation as Nino3 composite series) ...
... isotopes (standardized to have same mean and standard deviation as Nino3 composite series) ...
Climate Change: Implications For Defence
... particularly emissions of carbon dioxide, are very likely to be the dominant cause. Changes are observed in all geographical regions: the atmosphere and oceans are warming, the extent and volume of snow and ice are diminishing, sea levels are rising and weather patterns are changing. ...
... particularly emissions of carbon dioxide, are very likely to be the dominant cause. Changes are observed in all geographical regions: the atmosphere and oceans are warming, the extent and volume of snow and ice are diminishing, sea levels are rising and weather patterns are changing. ...
KKF a 3/03 - Tidsskrift.dk
... 2009b). The ability to “Understand, Assess, and Predict” global climate change supercedes the goal of reducing climate change. The importance of this system of systems is exaggerated elsewhere on the site. For example, one of the “Substantial Socio-Economic Payoffs” is that “more effective air quali ...
... 2009b). The ability to “Understand, Assess, and Predict” global climate change supercedes the goal of reducing climate change. The importance of this system of systems is exaggerated elsewhere on the site. For example, one of the “Substantial Socio-Economic Payoffs” is that “more effective air quali ...
Comparing impacts of climate change on streamflow in four large
... and many of them have extensive impacts on water resources (Ashton et al., 2001a). In the Niger, water management infrastructure does not influence the streamflow fundamentally on the basin scale. Currently there are only five major reservoirs in the catchment with volumes over 1000 Mm3 , mainly bui ...
... and many of them have extensive impacts on water resources (Ashton et al., 2001a). In the Niger, water management infrastructure does not influence the streamflow fundamentally on the basin scale. Currently there are only five major reservoirs in the catchment with volumes over 1000 Mm3 , mainly bui ...
Climate warming impact on degree
... AO-GCM grid cells covering Switzerland were considered for the GP scenarios. The analysis was based on the simulated changes in long term monthly mean temperatures for the 2020s, 2050s and 2080s relative to the 1961–1990 average (Fig. 2). The DS scenarios were derived by applying the method of Gyali ...
... AO-GCM grid cells covering Switzerland were considered for the GP scenarios. The analysis was based on the simulated changes in long term monthly mean temperatures for the 2020s, 2050s and 2080s relative to the 1961–1990 average (Fig. 2). The DS scenarios were derived by applying the method of Gyali ...
Newsweek
... Barely two months before Rio, it released a study concluding that models of the greenhouse effect had "substantially exaggerated its importance." The small amount of global warming that might be occurring, it argued, actually reflected a simple fact: the Sun is putting out more energy. The idea of a ...
... Barely two months before Rio, it released a study concluding that models of the greenhouse effect had "substantially exaggerated its importance." The small amount of global warming that might be occurring, it argued, actually reflected a simple fact: the Sun is putting out more energy. The idea of a ...
UNITED NATIONS ENVRIONMENT PROGRAM
... UN Conference on Environment and Development (UNCED), colloquially known as the Rio Earth Summit. An important outcome of the Rio Earth Summit was the creation of the UNFCCC, whose ultimate objective is to stabilize greenhouse gas concentrations “at a level that would prevent dangerous anthropogenic ...
... UN Conference on Environment and Development (UNCED), colloquially known as the Rio Earth Summit. An important outcome of the Rio Earth Summit was the creation of the UNFCCC, whose ultimate objective is to stabilize greenhouse gas concentrations “at a level that would prevent dangerous anthropogenic ...
PDF
... values in the entire population of grid cells Lacking evidence favoring one possible weighting scheme over others, selection of optimal values for weighting climate metrics was based on researcher experience. More emphasis (double weights) was placed on precipitation than temperature parameters, due ...
... values in the entire population of grid cells Lacking evidence favoring one possible weighting scheme over others, selection of optimal values for weighting climate metrics was based on researcher experience. More emphasis (double weights) was placed on precipitation than temperature parameters, due ...
Creating Futures – Lesson 5: Dealing with climate change
... You have got b100 million from all around the world to give to organisations working against climate change. Twelve organisations have asked you for money to help their work fighting climate change and its impact. Look at the information from each organisation. You have to decide how much, if any, t ...
... You have got b100 million from all around the world to give to organisations working against climate change. Twelve organisations have asked you for money to help their work fighting climate change and its impact. Look at the information from each organisation. You have to decide how much, if any, t ...
Stepping up to the challenge
... Six issues facing global climate change and food security There are several complex and interrelated challenges and barriers to achieving global food and nutrition security in an increasingly variable climate. Without urgent action for mitigation and adaptation, the world faces more loss and damage ...
... Six issues facing global climate change and food security There are several complex and interrelated challenges and barriers to achieving global food and nutrition security in an increasingly variable climate. Without urgent action for mitigation and adaptation, the world faces more loss and damage ...
INDCs lower projected warming to 2.7˚C
... Developed country INDCs and pledges have not contributed to the improved temperature outlook since Lima. In calculating the effects of their INDCs and pledges, we assume that most of these countries will achieve their long-term targets (e.g. EU reducing to 80 to 90% below 1990 in 2050, or USA reduci ...
... Developed country INDCs and pledges have not contributed to the improved temperature outlook since Lima. In calculating the effects of their INDCs and pledges, we assume that most of these countries will achieve their long-term targets (e.g. EU reducing to 80 to 90% below 1990 in 2050, or USA reduci ...
1 - QUBES Hub
... Change and Phenology Research Project” Discussion Forum. There are also additional links with resources and information on the Content page if you need more information or help with the data manipulations in Excel. The first thing you must do is introduce yourself to your group members, and state yo ...
... Change and Phenology Research Project” Discussion Forum. There are also additional links with resources and information on the Content page if you need more information or help with the data manipulations in Excel. The first thing you must do is introduce yourself to your group members, and state yo ...
The Relationship between Land–Ocean Surface Temperature
... more rapidly than SSTs. We know that this does not happen, however, as LST and SST anomalies stay quite close to a constant ratio: there is only a small rapid adjustment in LST. If we assume for now that land and ocean temperatures are merely a function of heat stored (this may not be the case for a ...
... more rapidly than SSTs. We know that this does not happen, however, as LST and SST anomalies stay quite close to a constant ratio: there is only a small rapid adjustment in LST. If we assume for now that land and ocean temperatures are merely a function of heat stored (this may not be the case for a ...
Greenhouse Gases and Global Warming
... impact. Concern regarding global warming centers on the future climate. As discussed in detail below, it seems likely that most of the warming observed to date is associated with human activities releasing greenhouse gases such as carbon dioxide. In light of the long atmospheric lifetime of carbon d ...
... impact. Concern regarding global warming centers on the future climate. As discussed in detail below, it seems likely that most of the warming observed to date is associated with human activities releasing greenhouse gases such as carbon dioxide. In light of the long atmospheric lifetime of carbon d ...
concluded
... • The globally averaged combined land and ocean surface temperature data as calculated by a linear trend, show a warming of 0.85 [0.65 to 1.06] °C3, over the period 1880 to 2012, when multiple independently produced datasets exist. The total increase between the average of the 1850–1900 period and ...
... • The globally averaged combined land and ocean surface temperature data as calculated by a linear trend, show a warming of 0.85 [0.65 to 1.06] °C3, over the period 1880 to 2012, when multiple independently produced datasets exist. The total increase between the average of the 1850–1900 period and ...
Arctic Resource Development and Climate Impacts, Adaptation and
... weather, could require change to drilling platforms due to increased wave action and storm surges Processing facilities need to consider changing permafrost and ground stability. For facilities located on river channels or coasts, such as in the Mackenzie Delta region, additional factors such as riv ...
... weather, could require change to drilling platforms due to increased wave action and storm surges Processing facilities need to consider changing permafrost and ground stability. For facilities located on river channels or coasts, such as in the Mackenzie Delta region, additional factors such as riv ...
Phenology as a management tool to forecast climate
... understand how climate change is affecting ecosystems and to improve predictions of how ecosystems might respond to future climate change. Recently, researchers have shown that phenological responses to climate change and phylogenetic relationships are linked to changes in abundance and invasiveness ...
... understand how climate change is affecting ecosystems and to improve predictions of how ecosystems might respond to future climate change. Recently, researchers have shown that phenological responses to climate change and phylogenetic relationships are linked to changes in abundance and invasiveness ...
Biological Responses to Rapid Climate Change at the Last Glacial
... Palaeobiologists and palaeoecologists interested in timescales of hundreds, thousands, and millions of years. • Deep-time – pre-Quaternary sediments and fossil record to study evolution and dynamics of past biota over a range of time-scales, typically >106 years. • Q-time or Quaternary-time – uses t ...
... Palaeobiologists and palaeoecologists interested in timescales of hundreds, thousands, and millions of years. • Deep-time – pre-Quaternary sediments and fossil record to study evolution and dynamics of past biota over a range of time-scales, typically >106 years. • Q-time or Quaternary-time – uses t ...
Chapter 8 - Teacher Friendly Guides
... At this time, the sun produced significantly less energy than it does today, so one might expect that once the oceans formed, they would continue to cool and eventually freeze. Yet temperatures stabilized, perhaps because there was a greater concentration of potent greenhouse gases in the atmosphere ...
... At this time, the sun produced significantly less energy than it does today, so one might expect that once the oceans formed, they would continue to cool and eventually freeze. Yet temperatures stabilized, perhaps because there was a greater concentration of potent greenhouse gases in the atmosphere ...
Summary for Policymakers - Climate Change Reconsidered
... • Doubling the concentration of atmospheric CO2 from its pre-industrial level, in the absence of other forcings and feedbacks, would likely cause a warming of ~0.3 to 1.1°C, almost 50% of which must already have occurred. • A few tenths of a degree of additional warming, should it occur, would not r ...
... • Doubling the concentration of atmospheric CO2 from its pre-industrial level, in the absence of other forcings and feedbacks, would likely cause a warming of ~0.3 to 1.1°C, almost 50% of which must already have occurred. • A few tenths of a degree of additional warming, should it occur, would not r ...
PDF
... To conduct climate change effects analysis and adapt crop systems to such change, it is important to know how climate change affects agricultural production and water use efficiency. We used existing data on simulated changes in future temperatures, precipitation, and CO2 concentrations generated by ...
... To conduct climate change effects analysis and adapt crop systems to such change, it is important to know how climate change affects agricultural production and water use efficiency. We used existing data on simulated changes in future temperatures, precipitation, and CO2 concentrations generated by ...
Regional climate model applications on subregional scales over the
... to identify a domain that is not too small to be overly constrained by the driving model, suppressing the development of key meso scale features. On the other hand, the domain should not be so large that the simulation deviates significantly from the large scale features of the driving model. Theref ...
... to identify a domain that is not too small to be overly constrained by the driving model, suppressing the development of key meso scale features. On the other hand, the domain should not be so large that the simulation deviates significantly from the large scale features of the driving model. Theref ...