NBER WORKING PAPER SERIES CLIMATE ECONOMICS: A META-REVIEW AND SOME SUGGESTIONS Geoffrey Heal
... About a year ago, the U.K. government published the Stern Review of the Economics of Climate Change, written by a team led by Nicholas Stern [35]. The publication of the Stern Review provoked an unprecedented outpouring of papers on the same topic: we have probably seen more economics papers on clim ...
... About a year ago, the U.K. government published the Stern Review of the Economics of Climate Change, written by a team led by Nicholas Stern [35]. The publication of the Stern Review provoked an unprecedented outpouring of papers on the same topic: we have probably seen more economics papers on clim ...
Climate change inspector with intentionally biased bootstrapping
... variations of precipitation under the global warming condition. From the Clausius–Clapeyron (C–C) relation, saturation vapor pressure increases by 6–7 % for each 1 ◦ C increase in temperature, and rainfall intensity also increases at a similar rate with warming (Trenberth and Shea, 2005). Lenderink ...
... variations of precipitation under the global warming condition. From the Clausius–Clapeyron (C–C) relation, saturation vapor pressure increases by 6–7 % for each 1 ◦ C increase in temperature, and rainfall intensity also increases at a similar rate with warming (Trenberth and Shea, 2005). Lenderink ...
How far are biodiversity loss and climate change similar as policy
... are therefore of direct importance to some of the world’s largest corporations, with highly developed technical and financial planning and executive capacity. On the other hand, the impact of biodiversity loss on industrial sectors is less immediately significant and more diffuse. There are numerous ...
... are therefore of direct importance to some of the world’s largest corporations, with highly developed technical and financial planning and executive capacity. On the other hand, the impact of biodiversity loss on industrial sectors is less immediately significant and more diffuse. There are numerous ...
IOSR Journal of Electrical and Electronics Engineering (IOSR-JEEE)
... Muscular Pump With Rhythmic Electrical Activity And Muscle Contraction. Mechanical Contraction Of Cardiac Tissue Or Muscle Fibers Are Triggered By Electrical Depolarization Of The Cell Membrane, And Coordinated By The Spread Of Depolarization Through Cardiac Tissue From The Sino Atrial Node (SA Node ...
... Muscular Pump With Rhythmic Electrical Activity And Muscle Contraction. Mechanical Contraction Of Cardiac Tissue Or Muscle Fibers Are Triggered By Electrical Depolarization Of The Cell Membrane, And Coordinated By The Spread Of Depolarization Through Cardiac Tissue From The Sino Atrial Node (SA Node ...
Indigenous Weather Forecasting: A Phenomenological Study
... Indigenous Knowledge System and the Post-colonial Theory The post-colonial theory provided the framework of this study. Briefly stated, the pos-colonial theory posits that from its inception, colonialism on the African continent rubbished everything that was traditional or indigenous. This included ...
... Indigenous Knowledge System and the Post-colonial Theory The post-colonial theory provided the framework of this study. Briefly stated, the pos-colonial theory posits that from its inception, colonialism on the African continent rubbished everything that was traditional or indigenous. This included ...
DOCX - World bank documents
... Overview and Historical Trends Turkmenistan is located in the west of Central Asia between the Caspian Sea and the Amudarya River. Turkmenistan borders Kazakhstan to the north, Uzbekistan to the northeast and east, Afghanistan to the southeast, and Iran to the south. Approximately 80 percent of its ...
... Overview and Historical Trends Turkmenistan is located in the west of Central Asia between the Caspian Sea and the Amudarya River. Turkmenistan borders Kazakhstan to the north, Uzbekistan to the northeast and east, Afghanistan to the southeast, and Iran to the south. Approximately 80 percent of its ...
Climate Change and Plant Community Composition in National
... meaningful and useful for land management, monitoring methods must provide highly precise estimates that are made at an appropriate spatial scale (Havstad and Herrick 2003). To maximize the efficiency and practicality of monitoring efforts, these methods must also be time-effective and easy to imple ...
... meaningful and useful for land management, monitoring methods must provide highly precise estimates that are made at an appropriate spatial scale (Havstad and Herrick 2003). To maximize the efficiency and practicality of monitoring efforts, these methods must also be time-effective and easy to imple ...
communicating climate change: closing the science
... avoid being blatant and offer solutions that help audiences translate their concern into feasible and effective actions (Floyd et al. 2000). Fear appeals or images of overwhelmingly big problems without effective ways to counter them frequently result in denial, numbing, and apathy, i.e. reactions t ...
... avoid being blatant and offer solutions that help audiences translate their concern into feasible and effective actions (Floyd et al. 2000). Fear appeals or images of overwhelmingly big problems without effective ways to counter them frequently result in denial, numbing, and apathy, i.e. reactions t ...
Direct Demand Models of Air Travel
... Although direct demand SP models are based on the data derived from discrete choice experiments, they differ from disaggregate models in that they operate on the volume (V) of demand rather than discrete choices. The discrete choices for a particular travel alternative are summed for each scenario o ...
... Although direct demand SP models are based on the data derived from discrete choice experiments, they differ from disaggregate models in that they operate on the volume (V) of demand rather than discrete choices. The discrete choices for a particular travel alternative are summed for each scenario o ...
What Do Editorial Cartoons about the 21st United
... cosmopolitan, as they encourage every one of us to consider our own welfare in context: what is the cost of our comfort in relation to the well-being of people in other parts of the globe? These ideals encourage us to acknowledge the connections between our activities and their consequences and take ...
... cosmopolitan, as they encourage every one of us to consider our own welfare in context: what is the cost of our comfort in relation to the well-being of people in other parts of the globe? These ideals encourage us to acknowledge the connections between our activities and their consequences and take ...
full report - Campaign against Climate Change
... spot with plenty of people passing. Ewa and others used a megaphone to put across the arguments, and we had lots of good conversations, particularly with groups of young people, (though there were a couple of climate change deniers to be shaken off.) Many people signed the petition, most said they c ...
... spot with plenty of people passing. Ewa and others used a megaphone to put across the arguments, and we had lots of good conversations, particularly with groups of young people, (though there were a couple of climate change deniers to be shaken off.) Many people signed the petition, most said they c ...
Projected impacts of climate change on a continent
... BirdLife International. We used all IBAs within the region that contain a significant terrestrial (as opposed to marine) component and for which a spatial extent has been defined (803 of 863 IBAs). Mean monthly temperature and precipitation data for sub-Saharan Africa were obtained from a global dat ...
... BirdLife International. We used all IBAs within the region that contain a significant terrestrial (as opposed to marine) component and for which a spatial extent has been defined (803 of 863 IBAs). Mean monthly temperature and precipitation data for sub-Saharan Africa were obtained from a global dat ...
Climate Change: Addressing the Major Skeptic Arguments
... Claim: Atmospheric CO2 levels rise hundreds of years after temperature in ice cores. The correlation of records of atmospheric CO2 and Antarctic temperature over the past 800,000 years indicates that CO2 amplified the warming attributed to variability in Earth’s orbit in the transition out the ice a ...
... Claim: Atmospheric CO2 levels rise hundreds of years after temperature in ice cores. The correlation of records of atmospheric CO2 and Antarctic temperature over the past 800,000 years indicates that CO2 amplified the warming attributed to variability in Earth’s orbit in the transition out the ice a ...
The Economics of Climate Change in Brazil: Costs and
... IPCC – scenarios A2 and B2. These IPCC climate trends are based on the hypothetical future behaviour of the global economy. This study makes an attempt, to the extent possible, to simulate the future behaviour of the Brazilian economy that is consistent with the same hypotheses made by IPCC in relat ...
... IPCC – scenarios A2 and B2. These IPCC climate trends are based on the hypothetical future behaviour of the global economy. This study makes an attempt, to the extent possible, to simulate the future behaviour of the Brazilian economy that is consistent with the same hypotheses made by IPCC in relat ...
Climate change, the Food Energy Water Nexus
... Adverse changes in the quality, quantity and accessibility of water resources would require increased energy inputs to purify water of lower quality or pump water from greater depths or distances, and would intensify the competition between the energy and food sectors for the existing water resource ...
... Adverse changes in the quality, quantity and accessibility of water resources would require increased energy inputs to purify water of lower quality or pump water from greater depths or distances, and would intensify the competition between the energy and food sectors for the existing water resource ...
A guide on climate change for private equity investors
... and significant changes in policy and regulation to ensure sustainable returns. As we become more aware of climate change’s physical impacts and associated risks and opportunities, investors need to broaden the scope of environmental due diligence, which traditionally focused on compliance and liabi ...
... and significant changes in policy and regulation to ensure sustainable returns. As we become more aware of climate change’s physical impacts and associated risks and opportunities, investors need to broaden the scope of environmental due diligence, which traditionally focused on compliance and liabi ...
The National Climate Change Response Policy
... • Create a transitional climate finance system to support implementation of priority mitigation and adaptation actions • Create a transitional tracking facility • Partner with domestic financial institutions to fast track and mainstream climate resilient development • Suport donor organisations in t ...
... • Create a transitional climate finance system to support implementation of priority mitigation and adaptation actions • Create a transitional tracking facility • Partner with domestic financial institutions to fast track and mainstream climate resilient development • Suport donor organisations in t ...
The Impact of Climate Change on Hurricane
... In order to model hurricanes, it is critical to recognize that they are rare events. An important component of expected hurricane damages is the frequency or probability (π) the hurricane will occur in each place. In this case, we are interested in the probability that a hurricane with particular ch ...
... In order to model hurricanes, it is critical to recognize that they are rare events. An important component of expected hurricane damages is the frequency or probability (π) the hurricane will occur in each place. In this case, we are interested in the probability that a hurricane with particular ch ...
Rapid thinning of the late Pleistocene Patagonian Ice Sheet
... climate transition, with initial retreat after 29.0 ka and the ice sheet remaining close to its LGM dimension until ,19 ka (see Figure 3 A– E). Data from Cerro Oportus and Cerro Tamango indicate stepped thinning between 19 ka and 18.1 ka, followed by rapid thinning throughout the altitudinal profile ...
... climate transition, with initial retreat after 29.0 ka and the ice sheet remaining close to its LGM dimension until ,19 ka (see Figure 3 A– E). Data from Cerro Oportus and Cerro Tamango indicate stepped thinning between 19 ka and 18.1 ka, followed by rapid thinning throughout the altitudinal profile ...
Responses to Climate Change and their Implications on
... 7 meter ocean rise only after some 300 to 1,000 years. This long melting timescale assumes CO2 rises to nearly three times the current level (four times the pre-industrial level) and stays that high for a millennium. Notably, science marches on, and in February of this year, a report on the assumpti ...
... 7 meter ocean rise only after some 300 to 1,000 years. This long melting timescale assumes CO2 rises to nearly three times the current level (four times the pre-industrial level) and stays that high for a millennium. Notably, science marches on, and in February of this year, a report on the assumpti ...
Climate in the Pacific: a regional summary of new science and
... PACCSAP (2011/12–2013/14) and before that the PCCSP (2009/10–2011/12) worked in collaboration with 15 partner countries: Cook Islands, Timor-Leste, Federated States of Micronesia, Fiji, Kiribati, Marshall Islands, Nauru, Niue, Palau, Papua New Guinea, Samoa, Solomon Islands, Tonga, Tuvalu and Vanua ...
... PACCSAP (2011/12–2013/14) and before that the PCCSP (2009/10–2011/12) worked in collaboration with 15 partner countries: Cook Islands, Timor-Leste, Federated States of Micronesia, Fiji, Kiribati, Marshall Islands, Nauru, Niue, Palau, Papua New Guinea, Samoa, Solomon Islands, Tonga, Tuvalu and Vanua ...
Managing Climate Change: The Africa Group in Multilateral
... Brazil, and South Africa pose a threat to the atmosphere with regard to their increasing global emissions, and some small island countries will cease to exist in a few decades. These states receive prominence in climate change architecture so much that negotiations hinge on their ability to commit t ...
... Brazil, and South Africa pose a threat to the atmosphere with regard to their increasing global emissions, and some small island countries will cease to exist in a few decades. These states receive prominence in climate change architecture so much that negotiations hinge on their ability to commit t ...
Conceptual framework: Definitions for key concepts
... “an expression of the degree to which a value (e.g., the future state of the climate system) is unknown. Uncertainty can result from lack of information or from disagreement about what is known or even knowable. It may have many types of sources, from quantifiable errors in the data to ambiguously d ...
... “an expression of the degree to which a value (e.g., the future state of the climate system) is unknown. Uncertainty can result from lack of information or from disagreement about what is known or even knowable. It may have many types of sources, from quantifiable errors in the data to ambiguously d ...
Tracking Greenhouse Gas Emissions on College Campuses in the U.S.
... governments took up the ambitious commitments to reduce greenhouse gases in the absence of national leadership (Rappaport & Hammond, 2007). Colleges and universities followed suit toward making reductions in their heat-trapping emissions by receiving and giving their support to regional, state, and ...
... governments took up the ambitious commitments to reduce greenhouse gases in the absence of national leadership (Rappaport & Hammond, 2007). Colleges and universities followed suit toward making reductions in their heat-trapping emissions by receiving and giving their support to regional, state, and ...
Don`t Kill Kyoto
... Copenhagen outcome will almost inevitably be controversial in some country or another – a politically binding agreement could easily fall apart within weeks, if not days, of being struck. By contrast, using Kyoto as the basis of agreement would allow Parties to make a number of key legal commitments ...
... Copenhagen outcome will almost inevitably be controversial in some country or another – a politically binding agreement could easily fall apart within weeks, if not days, of being struck. By contrast, using Kyoto as the basis of agreement would allow Parties to make a number of key legal commitments ...