Amplification and dampening of soil respiration by changes in
... of temperature variability increase their respiration rates under a new climatic regime with different temperature variance? This question goes beyond of what can be predicted by Jensen’s inequality alone because it implies changes in temperature variance that are originally not included in the ineq ...
... of temperature variability increase their respiration rates under a new climatic regime with different temperature variance? This question goes beyond of what can be predicted by Jensen’s inequality alone because it implies changes in temperature variance that are originally not included in the ineq ...
Farmers` perceptions of and adaptation strategies to climate change
... that adaptation to climate change is constrained by several factors such as lack of information, lack of money, resource constraints and shortage of irrigation water in the study area. Findings of the study suggest the need for greater investment in farmer education and improved institutional setup ...
... that adaptation to climate change is constrained by several factors such as lack of information, lack of money, resource constraints and shortage of irrigation water in the study area. Findings of the study suggest the need for greater investment in farmer education and improved institutional setup ...
Joint Comments to Army Corps of Engineers
... adequately address uncertainty, especially over long time horizons; and to rely on the best available economic data and literature. • Fifth, while Circular A-‐4 requires thorough treatment of uncertainty, includ ...
... adequately address uncertainty, especially over long time horizons; and to rely on the best available economic data and literature. • Fifth, while Circular A-‐4 requires thorough treatment of uncertainty, includ ...
Author's personal copy
... represents the ‘‘loading dock’’ approach, where information that may or not be relevant, is simply released and may not ever be ‘‘picked up’’ due to a range of factors (Cash et al., 2006). 3. The elements of usable climate science for decision making ...
... represents the ‘‘loading dock’’ approach, where information that may or not be relevant, is simply released and may not ever be ‘‘picked up’’ due to a range of factors (Cash et al., 2006). 3. The elements of usable climate science for decision making ...
Soil Erosion Climate Change Impact Snapshot
... spanning the range of likely future changes in climate. NARCliM is explicitly designed to sample a large range of possible future climates. The NARCliM project used a “business as usual” scenario (IPCC A2 scenario) consistent with international modelling approaches. This scenario assumes global deve ...
... spanning the range of likely future changes in climate. NARCliM is explicitly designed to sample a large range of possible future climates. The NARCliM project used a “business as usual” scenario (IPCC A2 scenario) consistent with international modelling approaches. This scenario assumes global deve ...
Air Pressure and Air Density One Atmospheric Pressure
... Air moves freely through snow and ice in the upper 15 m of an ice sheet. Flow is increasingly restricted below this level. Bubbles of old air are eventually sealed off completely in ice 50 to 100 m below the surface. ...
... Air moves freely through snow and ice in the upper 15 m of an ice sheet. Flow is increasingly restricted below this level. Bubbles of old air are eventually sealed off completely in ice 50 to 100 m below the surface. ...
Smallholder Farmers` Perception of Climate Change and Variability
... perceived a delay in the onset of rain in many more years than 30 years ago while 38 percent agreed that the onset of rainfall has not changed significantly but varied from year to year. Some of the smallholder farmers quickly remarked that incident of unusual early rain followed by long dry spell i ...
... perceived a delay in the onset of rain in many more years than 30 years ago while 38 percent agreed that the onset of rainfall has not changed significantly but varied from year to year. Some of the smallholder farmers quickly remarked that incident of unusual early rain followed by long dry spell i ...
We Have Been Conned - The Science and Public Policy Institute
... organizations that, if they had any integrity, would have demanded better evidence than the output of primitive climate models (Chapter 1). The IPCC's key product, the various Assessment Reports, are the personal opinions from a cadre of selected authors and contrary to marketing spin, each passage ...
... organizations that, if they had any integrity, would have demanded better evidence than the output of primitive climate models (Chapter 1). The IPCC's key product, the various Assessment Reports, are the personal opinions from a cadre of selected authors and contrary to marketing spin, each passage ...
The social cost of carbon: Valuation estimates and
... and the marginal damage costs of emissions, known as the Social Cost of Carbon (SCC). In 2002, the UK Government recommended an SCC for policy appraisal. A recent review of this SCC was commissioned and summarised in this paper. The authors conclude that SCC estimates span at least three orders of m ...
... and the marginal damage costs of emissions, known as the Social Cost of Carbon (SCC). In 2002, the UK Government recommended an SCC for policy appraisal. A recent review of this SCC was commissioned and summarised in this paper. The authors conclude that SCC estimates span at least three orders of m ...
Assessing vulnerabilities to the effects of global change
... Vulnerability assessments should be “place-based”, with an awareness of the nesting of scales: In this context, a “place” generally means a study area that is small relative to study areas commonly discussed in climate change impacts reports (e.g., a village or group of villages instead of a country ...
... Vulnerability assessments should be “place-based”, with an awareness of the nesting of scales: In this context, a “place” generally means a study area that is small relative to study areas commonly discussed in climate change impacts reports (e.g., a village or group of villages instead of a country ...
Doubled length of western European summer heat waves since 1880
... [11] We assessed changes in the PDF of DSMT and the extreme indices (HD and HW) by fitting a Generalized Extreme Value (GEV) distribution and a Gamma distribution to the data, respectively, using the theory of L-Moments [Hosking, 1990]. This method determines statistical moments of a sample that are ...
... [11] We assessed changes in the PDF of DSMT and the extreme indices (HD and HW) by fitting a Generalized Extreme Value (GEV) distribution and a Gamma distribution to the data, respectively, using the theory of L-Moments [Hosking, 1990]. This method determines statistical moments of a sample that are ...
unhedgeable risk: how climate change sentiment impacts investment
... 2014). Financial markets, however, could show the impact of risk aggregation much sooner as the effects of climate change will be driven by the projections of likely future impacts, changing regulation, and shifting market sentiment. Therefore, investors should not be deterred from identifying and m ...
... 2014). Financial markets, however, could show the impact of risk aggregation much sooner as the effects of climate change will be driven by the projections of likely future impacts, changing regulation, and shifting market sentiment. Therefore, investors should not be deterred from identifying and m ...
A Tale of Two Carbon Sinks - Scholarly Commons @ FAMU Law
... Randall S. Abate, A Tale of Two Carbon Sinks: Can Forest Carbon Management Serve as a Framework to Implement Ocean Iron Fertilization as a Climate Change Treaty Compliance Mechanism? 1 Seattle J. Envtl. L. 1 (2011) ...
... Randall S. Abate, A Tale of Two Carbon Sinks: Can Forest Carbon Management Serve as a Framework to Implement Ocean Iron Fertilization as a Climate Change Treaty Compliance Mechanism? 1 Seattle J. Envtl. L. 1 (2011) ...
Dynamic Planet Exam Questions Tectonic Activity: Possible exam
... Why is it difficult to predict how climate will change in the future? (6) Economic and Environmental Challenges in the UK and developing world For a named country, suggest one possible impact of higher global temperatures. (2) Explain the possible economic impacts of climate change on a named ...
... Why is it difficult to predict how climate will change in the future? (6) Economic and Environmental Challenges in the UK and developing world For a named country, suggest one possible impact of higher global temperatures. (2) Explain the possible economic impacts of climate change on a named ...
Potential future fisheries yields in shelf waters: a model study of the
... model (GOTM-ERSEM-BFM) coupled one way upwards to a size-structured model representing pelagic predators and detritivores (Blanchard et al., 2009). Thus, bottom-up pressures like changing abiotic environment (climate change, chemical cycling) will have an impact on fish biomass across the size spect ...
... model (GOTM-ERSEM-BFM) coupled one way upwards to a size-structured model representing pelagic predators and detritivores (Blanchard et al., 2009). Thus, bottom-up pressures like changing abiotic environment (climate change, chemical cycling) will have an impact on fish biomass across the size spect ...
Hunting on a hot day: effects of temperature on interactions between
... Shongwe 2004). As mean temperature rises, interactions among these species are likely to be affected by differences in response. African wild dogs are among the most cursorial of predators, traveling more than 10 km/d in search of suitable hunting opportunities and pursuing prey at high speeds over ...
... Shongwe 2004). As mean temperature rises, interactions among these species are likely to be affected by differences in response. African wild dogs are among the most cursorial of predators, traveling more than 10 km/d in search of suitable hunting opportunities and pursuing prey at high speeds over ...
Climate Change Action Plan Assessment Report
... preparing an inventory is still lacking. Similarly, while the action on establishment of an afforestation monitoring system and its integration into the Forest Inventory and Monitoring System was envisaged to be completed in 2013; this action’s predecessor which is the “Development of Basin Based Mo ...
... preparing an inventory is still lacking. Similarly, while the action on establishment of an afforestation monitoring system and its integration into the Forest Inventory and Monitoring System was envisaged to be completed in 2013; this action’s predecessor which is the “Development of Basin Based Mo ...
PDF - World Agroforestry Centre
... projections of the CIMP5 Earth System Models are still, in general, quite low, with variability among models generally higher (i.e. of lower confidence levels) than for temperature projections, which have a higher level of agreement among models and can be considered fairly robust. The averaged mean ...
... projections of the CIMP5 Earth System Models are still, in general, quite low, with variability among models generally higher (i.e. of lower confidence levels) than for temperature projections, which have a higher level of agreement among models and can be considered fairly robust. The averaged mean ...
Can forest watershed management mitigate climate change effects on water resources?
... this influences baseflow, stormflow, groundwater recharge, and flooding. Long-term streamflow data suggest that average annual streamflow has increased and this increase has been linked to greater precipitation in the eastern continental US over the past 100 years (Karl & Knight, 1998; Lins & Slack, ...
... this influences baseflow, stormflow, groundwater recharge, and flooding. Long-term streamflow data suggest that average annual streamflow has increased and this increase has been linked to greater precipitation in the eastern continental US over the past 100 years (Karl & Knight, 1998; Lins & Slack, ...
Summer climate and heatwaves in Europe
... Impact studies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ...
... Impact studies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ...
Global patterns in lake ecosystem responses to warming based on
... the Boltzmann–Arrhenius equations (Eqn 1). Prior to the estimation of metabolic responses through time, temperature data were linearly interpolated to a daily time step (Text S2). The lake monitoring sites had a global distribution and represent a wide range of morphometric and geographic characteri ...
... the Boltzmann–Arrhenius equations (Eqn 1). Prior to the estimation of metabolic responses through time, temperature data were linearly interpolated to a daily time step (Text S2). The lake monitoring sites had a global distribution and represent a wide range of morphometric and geographic characteri ...
Climate Change Vulnerability Assessment Framework for
... Worldwide industrial development has caused greenhouse gases to be released into the atmosphere in great volumes. Changes in land use have occurred with increasing surfaces being cleared for urban and agricultural development. Concurrently, substantial increases in air temperature have been observed ...
... Worldwide industrial development has caused greenhouse gases to be released into the atmosphere in great volumes. Changes in land use have occurred with increasing surfaces being cleared for urban and agricultural development. Concurrently, substantial increases in air temperature have been observed ...
REVIEW SUMMARY Multiple Dimensions of Climate Change and
... in climate parameters at individual localities (hereafter termed “local metrics”), or shifts in the distribution of climatic conditions over space and time (hereafter termed “regional metrics”). Beyond the geographical context of the measurements, metrics can also characterize different dimensions o ...
... in climate parameters at individual localities (hereafter termed “local metrics”), or shifts in the distribution of climatic conditions over space and time (hereafter termed “regional metrics”). Beyond the geographical context of the measurements, metrics can also characterize different dimensions o ...