Estimating Future Costs for Alaska Public Infrastructure - ISER
... To start our analysis, we needed to know what experts see for the future. In 2000, the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) issued a Special Report on Emissions Scenarios, which laid out a range of climate scenarios, each with specific assumptions about future levels of greenhouse gas em ...
... To start our analysis, we needed to know what experts see for the future. In 2000, the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) issued a Special Report on Emissions Scenarios, which laid out a range of climate scenarios, each with specific assumptions about future levels of greenhouse gas em ...
Mechanisms for solar influence on the Earth`s climate
... Figure 2 presents reconstructions of the Northern Hemisphere surface temperature record produced using a variety of proxy datasets. There are some large differences between them, especially in long-term variability, but there is general agreement that current temperatures are higher than they have b ...
... Figure 2 presents reconstructions of the Northern Hemisphere surface temperature record produced using a variety of proxy datasets. There are some large differences between them, especially in long-term variability, but there is general agreement that current temperatures are higher than they have b ...
Working Paper Series: The Global Energy Market: Comprehensive Strategies to Meet
... success of any such response will hinge -- given the American position as the world’s largest GHG emitter -- upon U.S. cooperation, whether formal or informal. While the paper will occasionally touch upon economics by necessity, much of the discussion will focus on the politics -- domestic and inter ...
... success of any such response will hinge -- given the American position as the world’s largest GHG emitter -- upon U.S. cooperation, whether formal or informal. While the paper will occasionally touch upon economics by necessity, much of the discussion will focus on the politics -- domestic and inter ...
Climate Conventions and Africa/Ethiopia - EfD
... a group of nations alone cannot solve the problem. This calls for global solutions to the problem. Almost two decades ago, most countries joined an international treaty—the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC)—to begin considering what can be done to reduce global warming a ...
... a group of nations alone cannot solve the problem. This calls for global solutions to the problem. Almost two decades ago, most countries joined an international treaty—the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC)—to begin considering what can be done to reduce global warming a ...
Changing climate and rising seas - Parliamentary Commissioner for
... Chapter 2 tells the story of how scientists uncovered the history of the Earth’s climate. It also serves as an introduction to some key aspects of climate science such as the insulating properties of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere and feedback loops. Chapter 3 describes how the climate change no ...
... Chapter 2 tells the story of how scientists uncovered the history of the Earth’s climate. It also serves as an introduction to some key aspects of climate science such as the insulating properties of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere and feedback loops. Chapter 3 describes how the climate change no ...
Cultural and Economic Factors That Influence Brazilian Public
... climate change threaten not only the natural world, but also the human systems that we have established (IPCC 2014, 4). The devastating effects of climate change will not be confined to those regions of the world that have contributed the most to this problem. Already, every continent and ocean has ...
... climate change threaten not only the natural world, but also the human systems that we have established (IPCC 2014, 4). The devastating effects of climate change will not be confined to those regions of the world that have contributed the most to this problem. Already, every continent and ocean has ...
Pastoralism as a tool for mitigating climate change
... The adaptive capacity of pastoralists is what has made them so resilient throughout history and has enabled them to sustainably exploit their natural environment. Their adaptive management skills have enabled pastoralists to create and maintain biodiversity in many environments of extraordinary nat ...
... The adaptive capacity of pastoralists is what has made them so resilient throughout history and has enabled them to sustainably exploit their natural environment. Their adaptive management skills have enabled pastoralists to create and maintain biodiversity in many environments of extraordinary nat ...
ontario`s climate change
... Climate change is a matter of concern to Ontarians — individuals, environmentalists, scientists, organizations, industry, governments and so many others have taken small and large steps over many years to help reduce Ontario’s impact. Ontario’s climate change conversation is an ongoing one. In Febru ...
... Climate change is a matter of concern to Ontarians — individuals, environmentalists, scientists, organizations, industry, governments and so many others have taken small and large steps over many years to help reduce Ontario’s impact. Ontario’s climate change conversation is an ongoing one. In Febru ...
an analysis of factors affecting climate change adaptation strategies
... According to World Meteorological Organisation (WMO, 2009) approximately 70 percent of Africans rely on farming for their livelihood with more than 95 percent of the agriculture being rain fed. Changing weather patterns are therefore expected to reduce agricultural yield in most areas by 50 percent ...
... According to World Meteorological Organisation (WMO, 2009) approximately 70 percent of Africans rely on farming for their livelihood with more than 95 percent of the agriculture being rain fed. Changing weather patterns are therefore expected to reduce agricultural yield in most areas by 50 percent ...
Climate change and Health Across Africa: Issues
... patterns and climatic conditions leaving populations ill prepared for new health impacts. For example, climate change may affect health through increased frequency and intensity of extreme weather events which are drivers of malnutrition and can directly impact health for example during heat wave ...
... patterns and climatic conditions leaving populations ill prepared for new health impacts. For example, climate change may affect health through increased frequency and intensity of extreme weather events which are drivers of malnutrition and can directly impact health for example during heat wave ...
Does climate change pose a threat or opportunity to Swedish business?
... The year 2006 became one of the hottest and most extreme years in Sweden since data collections commenced in the1860’s. The extreme torrents of water and landslides in Western Sweden in December 2006 pose a recent example of how Sweden has become more exposed to flooding over the last three decades, ...
... The year 2006 became one of the hottest and most extreme years in Sweden since data collections commenced in the1860’s. The extreme torrents of water and landslides in Western Sweden in December 2006 pose a recent example of how Sweden has become more exposed to flooding over the last three decades, ...
Ontario`s Climate Change Strategy
... Climate change is a matter of concern to Ontarians — individuals, environmentalists, scientists, organizations, industry, governments and so many others have taken small and large steps over many years to help reduce Ontario’s impact. Ontario’s climate change conversation is an ongoing one. In Febru ...
... Climate change is a matter of concern to Ontarians — individuals, environmentalists, scientists, organizations, industry, governments and so many others have taken small and large steps over many years to help reduce Ontario’s impact. Ontario’s climate change conversation is an ongoing one. In Febru ...
Antarctic Stratification, Atmospheric Water Vapor, and Heinrich Events
... years. Both of these polar regions appear to stratify at the onset of intense Northern hemisphere glaciation 2.7 million years ago [Haug et al., 2005; Haug et al., 1999; Sigman et al., 2004], and both regions subsequently appear to be more strongly stratified during the Pleistocene glacial maxima th ...
... years. Both of these polar regions appear to stratify at the onset of intense Northern hemisphere glaciation 2.7 million years ago [Haug et al., 2005; Haug et al., 1999; Sigman et al., 2004], and both regions subsequently appear to be more strongly stratified during the Pleistocene glacial maxima th ...
Integrated Climate Change Strategies for
... The planning approach suggested here is unique, since proposals for development of a regional climate strategy take account both of recommendations on adaptation to climate change and measures for reduction of GHG emission (Section 7). This integrated approach should lower decision-making costs in t ...
... The planning approach suggested here is unique, since proposals for development of a regional climate strategy take account both of recommendations on adaptation to climate change and measures for reduction of GHG emission (Section 7). This integrated approach should lower decision-making costs in t ...
Particulate air pollution from wildfires in the Western US under
... Observing System (GEOS-5) product. The model was run with the nested grid option, which uses the native GEOS-5 horizontal resolution of 0.5°x0.667° over North America. Boundary conditions are obtained from a 2 × 2.5 global GEOS-Chem simulation. The model includes black carbon and primary organic par ...
... Observing System (GEOS-5) product. The model was run with the nested grid option, which uses the native GEOS-5 horizontal resolution of 0.5°x0.667° over North America. Boundary conditions are obtained from a 2 × 2.5 global GEOS-Chem simulation. The model includes black carbon and primary organic par ...
Climate change data and risk assessment methodologies for the
... symbols indicate the length of record, and most are 30 years or less. ............................26 Figure 3-9. Sea level (monthly and annual mean) for a gauge in Cristobal (Panama). This is one of the longest periods of record in the Caribbean region in the PSMSL database. ................27 Figur ...
... symbols indicate the length of record, and most are 30 years or less. ............................26 Figure 3-9. Sea level (monthly and annual mean) for a gauge in Cristobal (Panama). This is one of the longest periods of record in the Caribbean region in the PSMSL database. ................27 Figur ...
Results Part A: amount of appearances
... atmosphere and that is in addition to natural climate variability observed over comparable time periods.” (IPCC, n.d.) This definition of the IPCC directly mentions the definition used in this research of ‘anthropogenic climate change’; it is the definition of the UNFCCC as mentioned in the IPCC def ...
... atmosphere and that is in addition to natural climate variability observed over comparable time periods.” (IPCC, n.d.) This definition of the IPCC directly mentions the definition used in this research of ‘anthropogenic climate change’; it is the definition of the UNFCCC as mentioned in the IPCC def ...
There is general agreement that the negative effects of global
... resilience, can reduce the effects of the events associated with climate change. Ayers discusses how adaptation investments should be additional to, or mainstreamed into traditional development assistance. For the most part, however, the literature has so far focused on what the additional adaptatio ...
... resilience, can reduce the effects of the events associated with climate change. Ayers discusses how adaptation investments should be additional to, or mainstreamed into traditional development assistance. For the most part, however, the literature has so far focused on what the additional adaptatio ...
The Vulnerability of Biodiversity to Rapid Climate Change
... these outlooks, (2) reviews key aspects of the vulnerability of biodiversity to climate change, considered from genetics through landscapes, and (3) concludes presenting strategies for handing this vulnerability and associated uncertainty in conservation planning. In summary, biodiversity is vulnera ...
... these outlooks, (2) reviews key aspects of the vulnerability of biodiversity to climate change, considered from genetics through landscapes, and (3) concludes presenting strategies for handing this vulnerability and associated uncertainty in conservation planning. In summary, biodiversity is vulnera ...
The importance of the Montreal Protocol in protecting climate
... of CO2 (CO2 weighting is unity). The relative importance of the accumulation of greenhouse gases for climate change is evaluated by using the metric of RF, defined as the difference from the start of the industrial era (1750) (25). Additional factors to be considered in scenario comparisons of emiss ...
... of CO2 (CO2 weighting is unity). The relative importance of the accumulation of greenhouse gases for climate change is evaluated by using the metric of RF, defined as the difference from the start of the industrial era (1750) (25). Additional factors to be considered in scenario comparisons of emiss ...
dispersal, adaptation and the response of spatially structured
... The important role of genetic adaptation in species response to changing climate has already been demonstrated for a range of taxa [10–14], including the rapid adaptation of both dispersal traits and thermal tolerance [15]. The dispersal characteristics of a species, combined with such exogenous fac ...
... The important role of genetic adaptation in species response to changing climate has already been demonstrated for a range of taxa [10–14], including the rapid adaptation of both dispersal traits and thermal tolerance [15]. The dispersal characteristics of a species, combined with such exogenous fac ...
Averchenkova, Stern and Zenghelis policy paper December 2014 (opens in new window)
... transition to a low-carbon economy rather than on the potential benefits. Countries are now seeking to reach a new international agreement on climate change, to be signed in Paris in December 2015. A key element of the international negotiations since the Kyoto Protocol, has been equity, but discuss ...
... transition to a low-carbon economy rather than on the potential benefits. Countries are now seeking to reach a new international agreement on climate change, to be signed in Paris in December 2015. A key element of the international negotiations since the Kyoto Protocol, has been equity, but discuss ...
