Climate Change AEBN speech
... • Carbon tax more visible so stronger consumer influence – emission trading cost “lost” in fuel price volatility • How much would carbon price reduce emissions? – A$40/tonne CO2 is 10 cpl petrol – price elasticity of demand about -0.1 (short run), -0.5 (long run) – 7% price increase reduces petrol e ...
... • Carbon tax more visible so stronger consumer influence – emission trading cost “lost” in fuel price volatility • How much would carbon price reduce emissions? – A$40/tonne CO2 is 10 cpl petrol – price elasticity of demand about -0.1 (short run), -0.5 (long run) – 7% price increase reduces petrol e ...
A decade of weather extremes - Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact
... But 2011 was not unique: the past decade as a whole has seen an exceptional number of unprecedented extreme weather events, some causing major human suffering and economic damage4 (Table 1 and Fig. 1). In August 2010, the World Meteorological Organization issued a statement on the “unprecedented se ...
... But 2011 was not unique: the past decade as a whole has seen an exceptional number of unprecedented extreme weather events, some causing major human suffering and economic damage4 (Table 1 and Fig. 1). In August 2010, the World Meteorological Organization issued a statement on the “unprecedented se ...
Topic: This module considers how climate affects our lives and
... period, typically decades or longer. Climate change may be due to natural internal processes or external forces, or to persistent anthropogenic (human-caused) changes in the composition of the atmosphere or in land use. Common Sense Climate Index A measure of whether an area has experienced a temper ...
... period, typically decades or longer. Climate change may be due to natural internal processes or external forces, or to persistent anthropogenic (human-caused) changes in the composition of the atmosphere or in land use. Common Sense Climate Index A measure of whether an area has experienced a temper ...
Expanding and reinforcing the objectives of the Kyoto Protocol –
... contributing to rising temperatures, reduced crop yields, coastal flooding, and other environmental changes. In addition, it is important to note that acid rain from China’s coalburning electric power plants plays an important role in pollution that extends across this countries borders. In China, c ...
... contributing to rising temperatures, reduced crop yields, coastal flooding, and other environmental changes. In addition, it is important to note that acid rain from China’s coalburning electric power plants plays an important role in pollution that extends across this countries borders. In China, c ...
Climate Service - Hans von Storch
... • The science-policy/public interaction is not an issue of the linear model of „knowledge speaks to power“. • The problem is not that the public is stupid or uneducated. • Science has failed to respond to legitimate public questions and has instead requested. “Trust us, we are scientists”. • Climate ...
... • The science-policy/public interaction is not an issue of the linear model of „knowledge speaks to power“. • The problem is not that the public is stupid or uneducated. • Science has failed to respond to legitimate public questions and has instead requested. “Trust us, we are scientists”. • Climate ...
Department
... Energy and 4. Industry: - The EU Emission Trading Scheme (ETS), has been in force since 2005 to reduce emissions from energy-producing and -using industries. This has incited some EU companies to become first movers in low-carbon solutions. But is has also created some distortion of international co ...
... Energy and 4. Industry: - The EU Emission Trading Scheme (ETS), has been in force since 2005 to reduce emissions from energy-producing and -using industries. This has incited some EU companies to become first movers in low-carbon solutions. But is has also created some distortion of international co ...
Effects of 20th Century Climate Change on Mountain Watersheds in
... climate system. Storm track redirection, for example, is typical of warm ENSO years. That said, we show that the risk of unusually warm years like 2005 has been increasing over time. These unusually warm years also provide valuable information about the impacts of what may prove to be typical ...
... climate system. Storm track redirection, for example, is typical of warm ENSO years. That said, we show that the risk of unusually warm years like 2005 has been increasing over time. These unusually warm years also provide valuable information about the impacts of what may prove to be typical ...
Aerosols and Climate Change
... • connecting RCP6.0 levels to RCP4.5 levels by 2250 (SCP6TO45) • RCP45 levels to RCP3PD concentrations and forcings (SCP45to3PD) ...
... • connecting RCP6.0 levels to RCP4.5 levels by 2250 (SCP6TO45) • RCP45 levels to RCP3PD concentrations and forcings (SCP45to3PD) ...
National contributions to observed global warming
... country’s contribution to climate warming. Furthermore, because of their short atmospheric lifetime, recent sulfate aerosol emissions have a large impact on a country’s current climate contribution We show also that there are vast disparities in both total and per-capita climate contributions among ...
... country’s contribution to climate warming. Furthermore, because of their short atmospheric lifetime, recent sulfate aerosol emissions have a large impact on a country’s current climate contribution We show also that there are vast disparities in both total and per-capita climate contributions among ...
Climate Change as a Driving Force for Evolution
... the further diversification of eukaryotic organisms, heterotrophy became the opposing strategy to autotrophy thereby establishing an early food chain. The permanent attack of mobile genetic elements probably quickly necessitated the development of the eukaryotic nucleus (possibly as an advancement o ...
... the further diversification of eukaryotic organisms, heterotrophy became the opposing strategy to autotrophy thereby establishing an early food chain. The permanent attack of mobile genetic elements probably quickly necessitated the development of the eukaryotic nucleus (possibly as an advancement o ...
Why (what) do policy makers need to know about uncertainties
... Most scientists that I know are convinced that climate change is real. That there is an overwhelming ‘consensus’ of scientists who are convinced of the same. We can provide ample evidence to justify this belief. Most of us are happy to sign up to the IPCC key conclusion that: Warming of the climate ...
... Most scientists that I know are convinced that climate change is real. That there is an overwhelming ‘consensus’ of scientists who are convinced of the same. We can provide ample evidence to justify this belief. Most of us are happy to sign up to the IPCC key conclusion that: Warming of the climate ...
Legislative and Policy Initiatives Concerning Global
... Foreign Relation Committee noted that it did not understand the UNFCCC as providing a basis for legally binding emission reduction targets and timetables. One of the guiding Principles of the UNFCCC is that “the developed parties should take the lead in combating climate change and the adverse effec ...
... Foreign Relation Committee noted that it did not understand the UNFCCC as providing a basis for legally binding emission reduction targets and timetables. One of the guiding Principles of the UNFCCC is that “the developed parties should take the lead in combating climate change and the adverse effec ...
The role of nitrogen in climate change and the impacts of nitrogen
... N year-1 in 2002 (SAB 2011; Alexander et al. 2008). North American riverine N export to the coastal zone, inlands and drylands was estimated at approximately 7.0 Tg N year-1 (Boyer et al. 2006). Adverse effects range from eutrophication and acidification to human health risks, biodiversity loss, and ...
... N year-1 in 2002 (SAB 2011; Alexander et al. 2008). North American riverine N export to the coastal zone, inlands and drylands was estimated at approximately 7.0 Tg N year-1 (Boyer et al. 2006). Adverse effects range from eutrophication and acidification to human health risks, biodiversity loss, and ...
Informal Meeting of Environment Ministers
... are vulnerable to environmental degradation and are facing significant threats and challenges in the 21st Century. The loss of marine biodiversity is happening at an alarming rate to the extent that, if not abated, will have far reaching consequences not only for the environment but our societies, e ...
... are vulnerable to environmental degradation and are facing significant threats and challenges in the 21st Century. The loss of marine biodiversity is happening at an alarming rate to the extent that, if not abated, will have far reaching consequences not only for the environment but our societies, e ...
Climate Change in Central and Eastern Europe
... mid-nineteenth century the number of stations has been steadily increasing. This growth allows for extensive climate information during the twentieth century. Not all measured or observed climatological data has been made available for research or practical applications. Some of the data has been lo ...
... mid-nineteenth century the number of stations has been steadily increasing. This growth allows for extensive climate information during the twentieth century. Not all measured or observed climatological data has been made available for research or practical applications. Some of the data has been lo ...
A Unified Approach to Address Water-Climate Related Issues
... climate projection and adaptation. Floods, droughts and tropical storms are not new to us and many countries have been struggling to reduce the losses incurred by them. If we can improve our capacity to cope with these present problems, we shall be better equipped to deal with possible future increa ...
... climate projection and adaptation. Floods, droughts and tropical storms are not new to us and many countries have been struggling to reduce the losses incurred by them. If we can improve our capacity to cope with these present problems, we shall be better equipped to deal with possible future increa ...
Bhutan pdf, 457kb - WHO South-East Asia
... g Levels & Trends in Child Mortality Report 2015, UN Inter-agency Group for Child Mortality Estimation [2015] ...
... g Levels & Trends in Child Mortality Report 2015, UN Inter-agency Group for Child Mortality Estimation [2015] ...
The importance of getting the numbers right
... Livestock farming plays a critical role in global food production, and has formed part of local landscapes and ecosystems for millennia. The importance of livestock in providing human societies with food, incomes, employment, nutrients and risk insurance is widely recognized (Perry and Sones, 2007; ...
... Livestock farming plays a critical role in global food production, and has formed part of local landscapes and ecosystems for millennia. The importance of livestock in providing human societies with food, incomes, employment, nutrients and risk insurance is widely recognized (Perry and Sones, 2007; ...
GEOL 1080 - Research at UVU
... 3) The gasses in the atmosphere that do this are CO2, H2O, CH4; these are called the greenhouse gasses. 4) Without these gasses and this effect, Earth surface would average about –20oC instead of 13oC. Venus’ surface temperature is about 470oC due to large amounts of CO2 in its atmosphere. 5) Climat ...
... 3) The gasses in the atmosphere that do this are CO2, H2O, CH4; these are called the greenhouse gasses. 4) Without these gasses and this effect, Earth surface would average about –20oC instead of 13oC. Venus’ surface temperature is about 470oC due to large amounts of CO2 in its atmosphere. 5) Climat ...
Sulfate Cooling - Global Warming
... On balance, they cool Earth, but warming makes clouds sparser. • Changes in cloud cover affect global temperature. So do changes in % high clouds vs low clouds. ...
... On balance, they cool Earth, but warming makes clouds sparser. • Changes in cloud cover affect global temperature. So do changes in % high clouds vs low clouds. ...
Regional temperature and precipitation changes under high
... their projections, and current knowledge on the potential for and implications of such extreme climate changes over the twenty-first century is limited. One key issue is whether changes in global mean temperature are a useful guide to changes in a particular region. Observational data and models agre ...
... their projections, and current knowledge on the potential for and implications of such extreme climate changes over the twenty-first century is limited. One key issue is whether changes in global mean temperature are a useful guide to changes in a particular region. Observational data and models agre ...
Climate Change War Game: Major Findings and Background Working PaPer
... and transfer resources for adaptation from the United States to India, the debates and developments in the course of having such discussions were illuminating.” ...
... and transfer resources for adaptation from the United States to India, the debates and developments in the course of having such discussions were illuminating.” ...
PDF
... occurred at a rate of around 13 million ha per year, with the leading contributors being South America and Africa (FAO 2005). Interestingly, South-East Asia has the highest rate of deforestation but the net figures for that region are positive because of significant reforestation efforts in China. O ...
... occurred at a rate of around 13 million ha per year, with the leading contributors being South America and Africa (FAO 2005). Interestingly, South-East Asia has the highest rate of deforestation but the net figures for that region are positive because of significant reforestation efforts in China. O ...
Global warming
Global warming and climate change are terms for the observed century-scale rise in the average temperature of the Earth's climate system and its related effects.Multiple lines of scientific evidence show that the climate system is warming. Although the increase of near-surface atmospheric temperature is the measure of global warming often reported in the popular press, most of the additional energy stored in the climate system since 1970 has gone into ocean warming. The remainder has melted ice, and warmed the continents and atmosphere. Many of the observed changes since the 1950s are unprecedented over decades to millennia.Scientific understanding of global warming is increasing. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) reported in 2014 that scientists were more than 95% certain that most of global warming is caused by increasing concentrations of greenhouse gases and other human (anthropogenic) activities. Climate model projections summarized in the report indicated that during the 21st century the global surface temperature is likely to rise a further 0.3 to 1.7 °C (0.5 to 3.1 °F) for their lowest emissions scenario using stringent mitigation and 2.6 to 4.8 °C (4.7 to 8.6 °F) for their highest. These findings have been recognized by the national science academies of the major industrialized nations.Future climate change and associated impacts will differ from region to region around the globe. Anticipated effects include warming global temperature, rising sea levels, changing precipitation, and expansion of deserts in the subtropics. Warming is expected to be greatest in the Arctic, with the continuing retreat of glaciers, permafrost and sea ice. Other likely changes include more frequent extreme weather events including heat waves, droughts, heavy rainfall, and heavy snowfall; ocean acidification; and species extinctions due to shifting temperature regimes. Effects significant to humans include the threat to food security from decreasing crop yields and the abandonment of populated areas due to flooding.Possible societal responses to global warming include mitigation by emissions reduction, adaptation to its effects, building systems resilient to its effects, and possible future climate engineering. Most countries are parties to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC),whose ultimate objective is to prevent dangerous anthropogenic climate change. The UNFCCC have adopted a range of policies designed to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and to assist in adaptation to global warming. Parties to the UNFCCC have agreed that deep cuts in emissions are required, and that future global warming should be limited to below 2.0 °C (3.6 °F) relative to the pre-industrial level.