Adaptive Co-Management for Climate Change Adaptation
... ―now policymakers face a new and challenging set of issues: how to develop strategies for attacking new environmental problems, how to develop better strategies for solving the old ones, and how to do both in ways that are more efficient, less taxing, and engender less political opposition‖ ([1], p. ...
... ―now policymakers face a new and challenging set of issues: how to develop strategies for attacking new environmental problems, how to develop better strategies for solving the old ones, and how to do both in ways that are more efficient, less taxing, and engender less political opposition‖ ([1], p. ...
Atmospheric CO2 fluctuations during the last millennium
... linked to documented global and regional temperature change since A.D. 800, recognized in this study, corroborates continuous coupling of CO2 and climate during the Holocene. For the first time, CO2 changes inferred from stomatal frequency analysis have been related to coeval variation in Atlantic S ...
... linked to documented global and regional temperature change since A.D. 800, recognized in this study, corroborates continuous coupling of CO2 and climate during the Holocene. For the first time, CO2 changes inferred from stomatal frequency analysis have been related to coeval variation in Atlantic S ...
Climate finance in the Pacific: An overview of flows to the region`s
... (Papua New Guinea, Fiji, Solomon Islands and Vanuatu) tend to have received the largest amounts overall, but this is not surprising, given that they are larger and more populous. Notably, however, Polynesian countries (Samoa, Tonga, Cook Islands, Niue and Tuvalu) have been more successful at attract ...
... (Papua New Guinea, Fiji, Solomon Islands and Vanuatu) tend to have received the largest amounts overall, but this is not surprising, given that they are larger and more populous. Notably, however, Polynesian countries (Samoa, Tonga, Cook Islands, Niue and Tuvalu) have been more successful at attract ...
APPENDIX VII. Thesis and Dissertations authored by GREF Fellows.
... conditions.” Advisor – Adina Payton, Stanford University. Erica Marin-Spiotta, PhD 2006: “Controls on above and below ground carbon storage during reforestation of abandoned tropical pastures: Controls on soil carbon turnover.” Advisor – Wendee Silver, University of California-Berkeley. Monica Marti ...
... conditions.” Advisor – Adina Payton, Stanford University. Erica Marin-Spiotta, PhD 2006: “Controls on above and below ground carbon storage during reforestation of abandoned tropical pastures: Controls on soil carbon turnover.” Advisor – Wendee Silver, University of California-Berkeley. Monica Marti ...
Did high Neo-Tethys subduction rates contribute to early Cenozoic
... Neo-Tethyan lithosphere may have possibly contributed to, but certainly cannot account alone for early Cenozoic warming. Other commonly cited sources of excess CO2 such as enhanced igneous province volcanism also appear to be up to 1 order of magnitude below fluxes required by the model to fit with ...
... Neo-Tethyan lithosphere may have possibly contributed to, but certainly cannot account alone for early Cenozoic warming. Other commonly cited sources of excess CO2 such as enhanced igneous province volcanism also appear to be up to 1 order of magnitude below fluxes required by the model to fit with ...
Multicentennial Agulhas leakage variability and links to North
... during T1 (Figures 2a and 2b). Comparing the δ18OG. ruber record with the δ18OG. bulloides profile of Martínez-Méndez et al. [2010] shows that both time series overlap during the early phase of the last glacial, between 72–52 ka and at T1, while during the rest of the time span, covered δ18OG. bulloi ...
... during T1 (Figures 2a and 2b). Comparing the δ18OG. ruber record with the δ18OG. bulloides profile of Martínez-Méndez et al. [2010] shows that both time series overlap during the early phase of the last glacial, between 72–52 ka and at T1, while during the rest of the time span, covered δ18OG. bulloi ...
Governing Climate Change: Towards a New Paradigm for Risk
... authority (however broadly construed) with intent to affect the likelihood and/or magnitude of socially undesirable events (‘social bads’).2 As an expression of likelihood, or probability, risk is inherently futureoriented.3 In German jurisprudence of the 1980s to early 1990s, risk was often defined ...
... authority (however broadly construed) with intent to affect the likelihood and/or magnitude of socially undesirable events (‘social bads’).2 As an expression of likelihood, or probability, risk is inherently futureoriented.3 In German jurisprudence of the 1980s to early 1990s, risk was often defined ...
Adaptation to Climate Change - Global Environment Facility
... The present Strategy forms the basis for programming resources under the Least Developed Countries Fund (LDCF) and the Special Climate Change Fund (SCCF) from July 1, 2014 to June 30, 2018. Climate change adaptation is an issue of global concern. The 2014 Global Risks Report ranked a failure of clim ...
... The present Strategy forms the basis for programming resources under the Least Developed Countries Fund (LDCF) and the Special Climate Change Fund (SCCF) from July 1, 2014 to June 30, 2018. Climate change adaptation is an issue of global concern. The 2014 Global Risks Report ranked a failure of clim ...
Marine Biodiversity and Resources
... Increasing concentrations of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere due to human activities are driving changes in global climate. Climate change will lead to ocean warming, changes in ocean currents, increased intensity of storm events, and changed ocean chemistry associated with increased CO2 uptake. ...
... Increasing concentrations of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere due to human activities are driving changes in global climate. Climate change will lead to ocean warming, changes in ocean currents, increased intensity of storm events, and changed ocean chemistry associated with increased CO2 uptake. ...
Impacts of climate change on water resources
... Changes in 100-year return-levels of river discharge in recurrence of 100-year droughts for the 2020s and 2070s using ECHAM4 and HadCM3 climate models and Baseline-A water use scenario. ....................................................................... 33 ...
... Changes in 100-year return-levels of river discharge in recurrence of 100-year droughts for the 2020s and 2070s using ECHAM4 and HadCM3 climate models and Baseline-A water use scenario. ....................................................................... 33 ...
Implementation Framework for Climate Change Adaptation Planning
... tasks and outcomes. Inherent to the process is the intention of adaptive management. The method of managing adaptively is appropriate for this context in dealing with uncertainty in climate change as well as the importance of tracking, monitoring and evaluating adaptive measures designed to reduce c ...
... tasks and outcomes. Inherent to the process is the intention of adaptive management. The method of managing adaptively is appropriate for this context in dealing with uncertainty in climate change as well as the importance of tracking, monitoring and evaluating adaptive measures designed to reduce c ...
Price Caps and Price Floors in Climate Policy
... FIGURE 6.8: CLIMATE SENSITIVITY IN THE ACTC MODEL..................................................................................................... 48 FIGURE 6.9: EQUILIBRIUM CLIMATE SENSITIVITY IN THE IPCC AR4 ...................................................................................... ...
... FIGURE 6.8: CLIMATE SENSITIVITY IN THE ACTC MODEL..................................................................................................... 48 FIGURE 6.9: EQUILIBRIUM CLIMATE SENSITIVITY IN THE IPCC AR4 ...................................................................................... ...
Approaches to Climate Change Adaptation
... change and its local impacts (“A-track” steps for planning and implementation of adaptation measures). Many local governments, however, are not ready to apply those steps directly. Therefore, it provides a second set of steps easy for those who consider adaptation measures for the first time. These ...
... change and its local impacts (“A-track” steps for planning and implementation of adaptation measures). Many local governments, however, are not ready to apply those steps directly. Therefore, it provides a second set of steps easy for those who consider adaptation measures for the first time. These ...
The Anatomy of A Silent Crisis The Anatomy of A Silent Crisis
... Even the most ambitious climate agreement will take years to slow or reverse global warming. A global carbon economy has been the basis of all productive efforts since centuries. Emissions are still steadily increasing, and the world population is set to grow by forty percent by 2050. If we do not r ...
... Even the most ambitious climate agreement will take years to slow or reverse global warming. A global carbon economy has been the basis of all productive efforts since centuries. Emissions are still steadily increasing, and the world population is set to grow by forty percent by 2050. If we do not r ...
Coastal Impacts, Adaptation, and Vulnerabilities
... academia, private industry, state and local governments, non-governmental organizations, professional societies, and impacted communities, with the intent of producing a better informed and more useful report in 2013. In particular, the eight NCA regions, as well as the Coastal and the Ocean biogeog ...
... academia, private industry, state and local governments, non-governmental organizations, professional societies, and impacted communities, with the intent of producing a better informed and more useful report in 2013. In particular, the eight NCA regions, as well as the Coastal and the Ocean biogeog ...
Climate Change and Agriculture in Jamaica
... and magnitude of hurricanes, and associated secondary events such as floods, landslides and seawater intrusion. The agriculture sector is also prone to crop yield loss and damage to livestock, fishery and aquaculture, and irrigation structures. The in-depth analysis of the agriculture sector in Jama ...
... and magnitude of hurricanes, and associated secondary events such as floods, landslides and seawater intrusion. The agriculture sector is also prone to crop yield loss and damage to livestock, fishery and aquaculture, and irrigation structures. The in-depth analysis of the agriculture sector in Jama ...
Climate Change and Aquatic Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture - state of knowledge, risks and opportunities
... This paper covers all aquatic genetic resources for aquaculture, culture-based fisheries and capture fisheries, including those for the production of aquatic plants (microalgae, macroalgae and freshwater macrophytes; for human food and for industrial purposes) and fish (finfish and aquatic invertebr ...
... This paper covers all aquatic genetic resources for aquaculture, culture-based fisheries and capture fisheries, including those for the production of aquatic plants (microalgae, macroalgae and freshwater macrophytes; for human food and for industrial purposes) and fish (finfish and aquatic invertebr ...
Global warming
Global warming and climate change are terms for the observed century-scale rise in the average temperature of the Earth's climate system and its related effects.Multiple lines of scientific evidence show that the climate system is warming. Although the increase of near-surface atmospheric temperature is the measure of global warming often reported in the popular press, most of the additional energy stored in the climate system since 1970 has gone into ocean warming. The remainder has melted ice, and warmed the continents and atmosphere. Many of the observed changes since the 1950s are unprecedented over decades to millennia.Scientific understanding of global warming is increasing. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) reported in 2014 that scientists were more than 95% certain that most of global warming is caused by increasing concentrations of greenhouse gases and other human (anthropogenic) activities. Climate model projections summarized in the report indicated that during the 21st century the global surface temperature is likely to rise a further 0.3 to 1.7 °C (0.5 to 3.1 °F) for their lowest emissions scenario using stringent mitigation and 2.6 to 4.8 °C (4.7 to 8.6 °F) for their highest. These findings have been recognized by the national science academies of the major industrialized nations.Future climate change and associated impacts will differ from region to region around the globe. Anticipated effects include warming global temperature, rising sea levels, changing precipitation, and expansion of deserts in the subtropics. Warming is expected to be greatest in the Arctic, with the continuing retreat of glaciers, permafrost and sea ice. Other likely changes include more frequent extreme weather events including heat waves, droughts, heavy rainfall, and heavy snowfall; ocean acidification; and species extinctions due to shifting temperature regimes. Effects significant to humans include the threat to food security from decreasing crop yields and the abandonment of populated areas due to flooding.Possible societal responses to global warming include mitigation by emissions reduction, adaptation to its effects, building systems resilient to its effects, and possible future climate engineering. Most countries are parties to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC),whose ultimate objective is to prevent dangerous anthropogenic climate change. The UNFCCC have adopted a range of policies designed to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and to assist in adaptation to global warming. Parties to the UNFCCC have agreed that deep cuts in emissions are required, and that future global warming should be limited to below 2.0 °C (3.6 °F) relative to the pre-industrial level.