Global Climate Change Impacts in the United States
... use of energy, increased use of non-carbon-emitting energy sources, and carbon capture and storage. Adaptation options also have the potential to moderate harmful impacts of current and future climate variability and change. While this report does address adaptation, it does not do so comprehensivel ...
... use of energy, increased use of non-carbon-emitting energy sources, and carbon capture and storage. Adaptation options also have the potential to moderate harmful impacts of current and future climate variability and change. While this report does address adaptation, it does not do so comprehensivel ...
Analyzing precipitationsheds to understand the vulnerability of
... fluxes and precipitable water. All meteorological data are available at a 1.5◦ latitude × 1.5◦ longitude grid. The data used in this analysis cover the period from 1999 to 2008. Limitations associated with vertically integrating moisture fluxes may include potential distortions in areas where there ...
... fluxes and precipitable water. All meteorological data are available at a 1.5◦ latitude × 1.5◦ longitude grid. The data used in this analysis cover the period from 1999 to 2008. Limitations associated with vertically integrating moisture fluxes may include potential distortions in areas where there ...
Global Climate Change Impacts in the United States
... use of energy, increased use of non-carbon-emitting energy sources, and carbon capture and storage. Adaptation options also have the potential to moderate harmful impacts of current and future climate variability and change. While this report does address adaptation, it does not do so comprehensivel ...
... use of energy, increased use of non-carbon-emitting energy sources, and carbon capture and storage. Adaptation options also have the potential to moderate harmful impacts of current and future climate variability and change. While this report does address adaptation, it does not do so comprehensivel ...
How will organic carbon stocks in mineral soils
... organic carbon (SOC) stocks. The results suggest an overall global increase in SOC stocks by 2100 under all scenarios, but with a different extent of increase among the climate model and emissions scenarios. The impacts of projected land use changes are also simulated, but have relatively minor impa ...
... organic carbon (SOC) stocks. The results suggest an overall global increase in SOC stocks by 2100 under all scenarios, but with a different extent of increase among the climate model and emissions scenarios. The impacts of projected land use changes are also simulated, but have relatively minor impa ...
The impact of climate change on disease constraints on production
... planning for adaptation to climate change, there is a need to evaluate impacts of climate change on disease-induced losses in crop yields. Oilseed rape (Brassica napus, B. rapa, B. juncea, B. carinata, rapeseed, canola) is grown throughout the world as a source of oil and protein (for human/animal c ...
... planning for adaptation to climate change, there is a need to evaluate impacts of climate change on disease-induced losses in crop yields. Oilseed rape (Brassica napus, B. rapa, B. juncea, B. carinata, rapeseed, canola) is grown throughout the world as a source of oil and protein (for human/animal c ...
PDF
... is only two decades later, with the launch of the Topex/Poseidon mission in 1992, that errors affecting altimetry-derived sea-surface height dropped below the 10-cm level, allowing precise detection of ocean dynamics for the first time. It is worth mentioning that global monitoring of sea level chang ...
... is only two decades later, with the launch of the Topex/Poseidon mission in 1992, that errors affecting altimetry-derived sea-surface height dropped below the 10-cm level, allowing precise detection of ocean dynamics for the first time. It is worth mentioning that global monitoring of sea level chang ...
Full English report
... efforts and plans and provides policy recommendations for adaptation. This book has been edited by Dr. Akram ElGanzori, drawing upon two primary consultant inputs: “Impacts of climate change on the Nile Basin” by Dr. Mohamed Elshamy (Ministry of Water Resources and Irrigation, Egypt) in close collab ...
... efforts and plans and provides policy recommendations for adaptation. This book has been edited by Dr. Akram ElGanzori, drawing upon two primary consultant inputs: “Impacts of climate change on the Nile Basin” by Dr. Mohamed Elshamy (Ministry of Water Resources and Irrigation, Egypt) in close collab ...
Primer on Short-Lived Climate Pollutants
... causes net global cooling.50 Brown carbon’s warming effect appears to be offsetting some or all of the lighter organic carbon particles’ cooling effect.51 This, in turn, means that reducing emissions from black carbon sources that have a high proportion of organic carbon co-emitted pollutants, such ...
... causes net global cooling.50 Brown carbon’s warming effect appears to be offsetting some or all of the lighter organic carbon particles’ cooling effect.51 This, in turn, means that reducing emissions from black carbon sources that have a high proportion of organic carbon co-emitted pollutants, such ...
THE DESTRUCTION OF THE CITY OF AKKAD BY A COSMIC
... Holocene sediments make up the top 20 meters, advance, as approaching comet, 15 days before Pliocene sediments start in 170 m depth. Sediments impacting Earth [7]. The bolide disintegrated into are filling a gap between 2 large ...
... Holocene sediments make up the top 20 meters, advance, as approaching comet, 15 days before Pliocene sediments start in 170 m depth. Sediments impacting Earth [7]. The bolide disintegrated into are filling a gap between 2 large ...
The Atmospheric Energy Constraint on Global
... water L is multiplied by the rain rate P (kg m22 s21). Sensible heat flux (SH) is the turbulent transfer of heat from the surface to the atmosphere. The atmospheric column net radiation, R, is the sum of net radiant energy entering the atmosphere through its top (the TOA) and its bottom (the earth’s ...
... water L is multiplied by the rain rate P (kg m22 s21). Sensible heat flux (SH) is the turbulent transfer of heat from the surface to the atmosphere. The atmospheric column net radiation, R, is the sum of net radiant energy entering the atmosphere through its top (the TOA) and its bottom (the earth’s ...
Queensland`s biodiversity under climate change:
... and the Queensland Department of Primary Industries found that prawn trawling in the region had a cumulative effect on this marine life, depending on trawling intensity and the capacity of individual species to recover between trawls (credit: CSIRO Marine and Atmospheric Research, science image AS09 ...
... and the Queensland Department of Primary Industries found that prawn trawling in the region had a cumulative effect on this marine life, depending on trawling intensity and the capacity of individual species to recover between trawls (credit: CSIRO Marine and Atmospheric Research, science image AS09 ...
Effects of vegetation feedback on future climate change over West
... 200-year CLM-CN-DV offline simulations. CO2 concentrations are set at 353.8 and 850.0 ppm for Present and Future offline simulations, respectively. The resulting soil and vegetation states at the end of the two 200-year offline simulations are then used to initialize the 20-year Present and Future R ...
... 200-year CLM-CN-DV offline simulations. CO2 concentrations are set at 353.8 and 850.0 ppm for Present and Future offline simulations, respectively. The resulting soil and vegetation states at the end of the two 200-year offline simulations are then used to initialize the 20-year Present and Future R ...
Sustainable Land-use Practices in European Mountain Regions
... Unfortunately, there is no universally accepted typology of EGS (Haines-Young and Potschin 2009, Gómez-Baggethun et al. 2010, Braat and de Groot 2012). There is an ongoing debate dealing with the need to distinguish benefits from services and ecological functions, as well as intermediate vs. final s ...
... Unfortunately, there is no universally accepted typology of EGS (Haines-Young and Potschin 2009, Gómez-Baggethun et al. 2010, Braat and de Groot 2012). There is an ongoing debate dealing with the need to distinguish benefits from services and ecological functions, as well as intermediate vs. final s ...
5b2014 - Maa- ja metsätalousministeriö
... i.e. benefits that the nature produces for us humans. The most important means of mitigating the risks associated with climate change is to reduce greenhouse gas emissions on the global scale. Climate change adaptation is closely linked to the international efforts to succeed in climate change mitig ...
... i.e. benefits that the nature produces for us humans. The most important means of mitigating the risks associated with climate change is to reduce greenhouse gas emissions on the global scale. Climate change adaptation is closely linked to the international efforts to succeed in climate change mitig ...
Physical Climate Processes and Feedbacks
... season; and direct anthropogenic impacts such as deforestation. The direct effects of increased carbon dioxide (CO2) on vegetation physiology could lead to a relative reduction in evapotranspiration over the tropical continents, with associated regional warming over that predicted for conventional g ...
... season; and direct anthropogenic impacts such as deforestation. The direct effects of increased carbon dioxide (CO2) on vegetation physiology could lead to a relative reduction in evapotranspiration over the tropical continents, with associated regional warming over that predicted for conventional g ...
The Role of Stochastic Forcing on the Behavior of Thermohaline
... change.24 Moreover, there are other underlying uncertainties added to nonlinearity, such as the sensitivity of the THC to freshwater addition or the increasing rate and the location of this input. This lack of predictability could account for the wide range of results obtained by numerical models in ...
... change.24 Moreover, there are other underlying uncertainties added to nonlinearity, such as the sensitivity of the THC to freshwater addition or the increasing rate and the location of this input. This lack of predictability could account for the wide range of results obtained by numerical models in ...
Climate change impacts, vulnerability and adaptation in
... Recent reports produced by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) (2001, 2007, 2012) conclude not only that green-house gas emissions are already beginning to change the global climate, but also that Africa will experience increased water stress, decreased yields from rain-fed agricult ...
... Recent reports produced by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) (2001, 2007, 2012) conclude not only that green-house gas emissions are already beginning to change the global climate, but also that Africa will experience increased water stress, decreased yields from rain-fed agricult ...
How well do we understand and evaluate climate change feedback
... ensemble of diagnostics based on physical understanding and observations. ...
... ensemble of diagnostics based on physical understanding and observations. ...
climate change, disasters, and human mobility in south asia and
... erosion pose unique challenges that also compel people to move, domestically and internationally.10 Given many countries’ high exposure and current adaptive capacity, South Asia is one of the regions in the world which will increasingly face the adverse effects of climate change, such as rising sea ...
... erosion pose unique challenges that also compel people to move, domestically and internationally.10 Given many countries’ high exposure and current adaptive capacity, South Asia is one of the regions in the world which will increasingly face the adverse effects of climate change, such as rising sea ...
Climate change and changes in global precipitation patterns: What
... because of changes in atmospheric circulation, a more active hydrological cycle, and increases in the water-holding capacity throughout the atmosphere. The El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) is the primary global mode of climate variability in the 2- to 7-year time frame. El Niño is defined by se ...
... because of changes in atmospheric circulation, a more active hydrological cycle, and increases in the water-holding capacity throughout the atmosphere. The El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) is the primary global mode of climate variability in the 2- to 7-year time frame. El Niño is defined by se ...
Projected impacts of climate change and ocean
... light availability. Planktonic Foraminifera can be divided into to two groups based on whether or not their tests carry spines (spinose) or not (non-spinose). Many of the spinose species host algal symbionts that can contribute to the growth of the Foraminifera. Species with algal symbionts are gene ...
... light availability. Planktonic Foraminifera can be divided into to two groups based on whether or not their tests carry spines (spinose) or not (non-spinose). Many of the spinose species host algal symbionts that can contribute to the growth of the Foraminifera. Species with algal symbionts are gene ...
Adaptation to climate change ininternationalriver basins in Africa: a
... timing, distribution and quantity of water resources. The IPCC Fourth Assessment Report provides a comprehensive review of climate model projections for different regions in Africa. These are based on a set of 21 models from their Multi-Model Data (MMD) set using the A1B emissions scenario3 focusing ...
... timing, distribution and quantity of water resources. The IPCC Fourth Assessment Report provides a comprehensive review of climate model projections for different regions in Africa. These are based on a set of 21 models from their Multi-Model Data (MMD) set using the A1B emissions scenario3 focusing ...
Future Climate Change: Modeling and Scenarios
... Increased atmospheric concentrations of greenhouse gases (GHGs) are very likely to have a larger effect on climate in the Arctic than anywhere else on the globe. Physically based, global coupled atmosphere-land-ocean climate models are used to project possible future climate change. Given a change i ...
... Increased atmospheric concentrations of greenhouse gases (GHGs) are very likely to have a larger effect on climate in the Arctic than anywhere else on the globe. Physically based, global coupled atmosphere-land-ocean climate models are used to project possible future climate change. Given a change i ...
Effects of global warming
The effects of global warming are the environmental and social changes caused (directly or indirectly) by human emissions of greenhouse gases. There is a scientific consensus that climate change is occurring, and that human activities are the primary driver. Many impacts of climate change have already been observed, including glacier retreat, changes in the timing of seasonal events (e.g., earlier flowering of plants), and changes in agricultural productivity.Future effects of climate change will vary depending on climate change policies and social development. The two main policies to address climate change are reducing human greenhouse gas emissions (climate change mitigation) and adapting to the impacts of climate change. Geoengineering is another policy option.Near-term climate change policies could significantly affect long-term climate change impacts. Stringent mitigation policies might be able to limit global warming (in 2100) to around 2 °C or below, relative to pre-industrial levels. Without mitigation, increased energy demand and extensive use of fossil fuels might lead to global warming of around 4 °C. Higher magnitudes of global warming would be more difficult to adapt to, and would increase the risk of negative impacts.