Broad range of 2050 warming from an observationally constrained large climate model ensemble
... model simulations. We find that model versions that reproduce observed surface temperature changes over the past 50 years show global-mean temperature increases of 1.4–3 K by 2050, relative to 1961–1990, under a mid-range forcing scenario. This range of warming is broadly consistent with the expert ...
... model simulations. We find that model versions that reproduce observed surface temperature changes over the past 50 years show global-mean temperature increases of 1.4–3 K by 2050, relative to 1961–1990, under a mid-range forcing scenario. This range of warming is broadly consistent with the expert ...
“The only plausible explanation for the rise in weather
... committed us to a hotter future with more climate-related impacts over the next few decades. Many [climate-related changes] will be disruptive to society because our institutions and infrastructure have been designed for the relatively stable climate of the past, not the changing one of the present ...
... committed us to a hotter future with more climate-related impacts over the next few decades. Many [climate-related changes] will be disruptive to society because our institutions and infrastructure have been designed for the relatively stable climate of the past, not the changing one of the present ...
Climate Change and Extreme Weather
... GreenLearning at [email protected] for help in finding a class to collaborate with or to set up a collaborative project of your own. Showcase Student Inquiries — and your versions of these Inquiries — in the COOL 2.0 Database: [information to be added June 2104] Resources to Support a Student In ...
... GreenLearning at [email protected] for help in finding a class to collaborate with or to set up a collaborative project of your own. Showcase Student Inquiries — and your versions of these Inquiries — in the COOL 2.0 Database: [information to be added June 2104] Resources to Support a Student In ...
Public opinion on climate change
... Background Many people consider global warming or climate change to be the most pressing challenge facing human civilization, but it continues to command limited media attention and has yet to elicit a ...
... Background Many people consider global warming or climate change to be the most pressing challenge facing human civilization, but it continues to command limited media attention and has yet to elicit a ...
... by recommending a carbon tax that is “no lower, and perhaps well above, a reasonable estimate of the present value of expected future damages.” That is clearly preferable to the current default option in the United States: regulation under the Clean Air Act. Even a low carbon tax, on the order of $1 ...
Health Implications of Climate Change 3.54 MB | Posted 13
... • A well-prepared line of defense: health providers and systems need to prepare for adverse impacts of climate change & know which populations are most at risk for negative health impacts; • A reliable tracking system to monitor effects of climate change & ...
... • A well-prepared line of defense: health providers and systems need to prepare for adverse impacts of climate change & know which populations are most at risk for negative health impacts; • A reliable tracking system to monitor effects of climate change & ...
The Changing Annual Rainfall and Temperature
... the atmosphere of radiatively active greenhouse gases. In addition to carbon dioxide, other greenhouse gases include methane, nitrous oxide, tropospheric ozone and chlorofluorocarbons. Their effect is to accelerate the warming effect beyond acceptable levels. Models project that if current trends in ...
... the atmosphere of radiatively active greenhouse gases. In addition to carbon dioxide, other greenhouse gases include methane, nitrous oxide, tropospheric ozone and chlorofluorocarbons. Their effect is to accelerate the warming effect beyond acceptable levels. Models project that if current trends in ...
Report - Presbyterian Church of Aotearoa New Zealand
... For me, Science and Religion both seek after truth. Their ultimate goal is about what is real and what is true. The fields in which they look are often very different, but each is able to compliment the other. Each can hold an open respect for the other, rather than having as their prime objective t ...
... For me, Science and Religion both seek after truth. Their ultimate goal is about what is real and what is true. The fields in which they look are often very different, but each is able to compliment the other. Each can hold an open respect for the other, rather than having as their prime objective t ...
The "debate" about climate change
... to write books, accessible to a general readership, that will record the ways in which their warnings have been ignored—and their ...
... to write books, accessible to a general readership, that will record the ways in which their warnings have been ignored—and their ...
Climate change impacts on global agricultural land availability
... The regional variability of GCM simulations and the diversity of emission scenarios are considered as the two major sources of uncertainty in climate change projections at the regional scale. Two widely used ensemble approaches are employed to deal with GCM regional variability, the simple average m ...
... The regional variability of GCM simulations and the diversity of emission scenarios are considered as the two major sources of uncertainty in climate change projections at the regional scale. Two widely used ensemble approaches are employed to deal with GCM regional variability, the simple average m ...
File - Climatelinks
... Peru has three distinct climates: desert coastal lowlands along the Pacific Ocean, the Andes Mountain range, and the Andean highlands. The desert coastal lowlands are the location of the country’s major cities and much of the mechanized agriculture. To the east, the Andes Mountain range runs north-s ...
... Peru has three distinct climates: desert coastal lowlands along the Pacific Ocean, the Andes Mountain range, and the Andean highlands. The desert coastal lowlands are the location of the country’s major cities and much of the mechanized agriculture. To the east, the Andes Mountain range runs north-s ...
Feedbacks on climate in the Earth system: introduction
... response to a given change in a forcing (such as CO2 ). However, there are further feedbacks within the carbon cycle itself. More than half of anthropogenic carbon emissions are currently absorbed by the ocean and the land biosphere and it is critical to climate projections to accurately understand ...
... response to a given change in a forcing (such as CO2 ). However, there are further feedbacks within the carbon cycle itself. More than half of anthropogenic carbon emissions are currently absorbed by the ocean and the land biosphere and it is critical to climate projections to accurately understand ...
Section 10: Freshwater Ecosystems
... Climate Drivers of Change Projected changes in the Puget Sound region’sA freshwater environment are driven by increasing air temperature, reduced snow accumulation, and declining summer precipitation. ...
... Climate Drivers of Change Projected changes in the Puget Sound region’sA freshwater environment are driven by increasing air temperature, reduced snow accumulation, and declining summer precipitation. ...
Political Climate Modeling - Prairie Adaptation Research Collaborative
... The effectiveness of our efforts to mitigate the effects of and adapt to climate change will depend upon effective policy formulation and implementation. If past policy failures are any indication, however, good policy is not solely a function of the identification of new needs, in some instances it ...
... The effectiveness of our efforts to mitigate the effects of and adapt to climate change will depend upon effective policy formulation and implementation. If past policy failures are any indication, however, good policy is not solely a function of the identification of new needs, in some instances it ...
PREFACE
... Moreover, there are additional misunderstandings. ‘Global warming’, which is an increase in the global annual average heat content measured in Joules, is often incorrectly equated to mean ‘climate change’. Global warming, however, is just a subset of “climate change.” The term ‘climate change’, is a ...
... Moreover, there are additional misunderstandings. ‘Global warming’, which is an increase in the global annual average heat content measured in Joules, is often incorrectly equated to mean ‘climate change’. Global warming, however, is just a subset of “climate change.” The term ‘climate change’, is a ...
freshwater ecosystems
... Over the past 25,000 years, freshwater ecosystems have undergone massive changes in spatial extent correlated with trends in regional climate (150). Future climate change is likely to produce comparable changes in the supply and distribution of freshwater. Forecasts of future precipitation and evapo ...
... Over the past 25,000 years, freshwater ecosystems have undergone massive changes in spatial extent correlated with trends in regional climate (150). Future climate change is likely to produce comparable changes in the supply and distribution of freshwater. Forecasts of future precipitation and evapo ...
Links between ozone and climate (John Pyle, Co-Chair, SAP)
... 0.34 ± 0.03 W/m2 • Positive direct forcing due to ODSs only: 0.33 ± 0.03 W/m2 • Negative indirect forcing due to ozone depletion: -0.15 ± 0.10 W/m2 • Different types of gases make different contributions to positive and negative forcing IPCC/TEAP 2005 ...
... 0.34 ± 0.03 W/m2 • Positive direct forcing due to ODSs only: 0.33 ± 0.03 W/m2 • Negative indirect forcing due to ozone depletion: -0.15 ± 0.10 W/m2 • Different types of gases make different contributions to positive and negative forcing IPCC/TEAP 2005 ...
Extreme Weather Events and Disaster Preparedness
... use of already limited natural resources, fertile ground and water. Access to consistent and dependable sources of water is greatly valued in many African regions. However, changes in the timing and intensity of rainfall have threatened water availability and are causing conflicts over this limited ...
... use of already limited natural resources, fertile ground and water. Access to consistent and dependable sources of water is greatly valued in many African regions. However, changes in the timing and intensity of rainfall have threatened water availability and are causing conflicts over this limited ...
JOURNEY TO PLANET EARTH Extreme Realities: Severe Weather
... Segment Three Topic: Connecting Global Climate Events of 2010 to the Arab Spring In 2010, the jet stream split in two, leading to severe climate events in Pakistan and Russia. In Pakistan, the jet stream “turbo-charged” the monsoon rains, resulting in extreme flooding and 20 million homeless in one ...
... Segment Three Topic: Connecting Global Climate Events of 2010 to the Arab Spring In 2010, the jet stream split in two, leading to severe climate events in Pakistan and Russia. In Pakistan, the jet stream “turbo-charged” the monsoon rains, resulting in extreme flooding and 20 million homeless in one ...
Ice Ages - ReadingtonScience
... Climate changes have affected many regions in addition to the Southwest. For example, Greenland today is mostly covered by an ice cap. But 80 million years ago, Greenland had a warm, moist climate. Fossils of magnolias and palm trees found in Greenland provide evidence for this climate change. Today ...
... Climate changes have affected many regions in addition to the Southwest. For example, Greenland today is mostly covered by an ice cap. But 80 million years ago, Greenland had a warm, moist climate. Fossils of magnolias and palm trees found in Greenland provide evidence for this climate change. Today ...
A comprehensive approach for reducing anthropogenic climate
... threaten vulnerable ecosystems and peoples, with sea level rise projections now up to 1.6 meters by end of the century, more than double the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change fourth Assessment Report (IPCC AR4) scenarios.21 These and other climate impacts are expected to increase in number a ...
... threaten vulnerable ecosystems and peoples, with sea level rise projections now up to 1.6 meters by end of the century, more than double the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change fourth Assessment Report (IPCC AR4) scenarios.21 These and other climate impacts are expected to increase in number a ...
Coping With Extreme Precipitation and Flooding
... less precipitation in certain regions. “In areas that are well inland and typically drier, higher temperatures and increased solar insolation (i.e., less shade from clouds) create more surface evaporation, exacerbating the already dry conditions,” said Prof. Zhang. He estimated that a one-degree Cel ...
... less precipitation in certain regions. “In areas that are well inland and typically drier, higher temperatures and increased solar insolation (i.e., less shade from clouds) create more surface evaporation, exacerbating the already dry conditions,” said Prof. Zhang. He estimated that a one-degree Cel ...
Dinnae expect onything an ye`ll no be disappointed
... confidence what to expect, both for long-term temperature trends and for rainfall trends. So can we better understand these global to regional teleconnections in weather and climate patterns? The Overturning in the subpolar North Atlantic Programme is measuring the circulation in the subpolar North ...
... confidence what to expect, both for long-term temperature trends and for rainfall trends. So can we better understand these global to regional teleconnections in weather and climate patterns? The Overturning in the subpolar North Atlantic Programme is measuring the circulation in the subpolar North ...
Effects of global warming
The effects of global warming are the environmental and social changes caused (directly or indirectly) by human emissions of greenhouse gases. There is a scientific consensus that climate change is occurring, and that human activities are the primary driver. Many impacts of climate change have already been observed, including glacier retreat, changes in the timing of seasonal events (e.g., earlier flowering of plants), and changes in agricultural productivity.Future effects of climate change will vary depending on climate change policies and social development. The two main policies to address climate change are reducing human greenhouse gas emissions (climate change mitigation) and adapting to the impacts of climate change. Geoengineering is another policy option.Near-term climate change policies could significantly affect long-term climate change impacts. Stringent mitigation policies might be able to limit global warming (in 2100) to around 2 °C or below, relative to pre-industrial levels. Without mitigation, increased energy demand and extensive use of fossil fuels might lead to global warming of around 4 °C. Higher magnitudes of global warming would be more difficult to adapt to, and would increase the risk of negative impacts.