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Title to be defined
Title to be defined

... Considered sacred by many of the world’s religions, mountains are a home to approximately one tenth of the global human population. IUCN, 200623 After coasts and islands, mountains are the most important destinations for global tourism. About 15-20 per cent of the global tourism industry - US$ 70-90 ...
InvestigationA: TODAY`S CLIMATE SCIENCE
InvestigationA: TODAY`S CLIMATE SCIENCE

... expanse of uniform light gray Arctic Ocean sea ice which is seen in the image above the bright-white ice sheet covered [(Canada’s Baffin Island)(Greenland)(Iceland)]. This, the world’s largest island, is covered by ice up to 3 km (1.8 miles) thick which if melted would increase the global sea level ...
Lecture Presentation to accompany Principles of Life
Lecture Presentation to accompany Principles of Life

... evaporation and precipitation. • Hadley cells are expected to expand poleward; warmer tropical air will rise higher and expand farther toward the poles before sinking. • Precipitation will increase near the equator and at high latitudes and decrease at mid-latitudes. ...
Climate change impacts in Greece in the near future
Climate change impacts in Greece in the near future

... Conclusions ...
Written Testimony for the House Committee on Science, Space, and... Hearing on “Examining the UN Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change...
Written Testimony for the House Committee on Science, Space, and... Hearing on “Examining the UN Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change...

... climate. Climate change includes radiative, biophysical, biogeochemical and biogeographic effects. “Human-caused climate change” is a change resulting from one or more of the human climate forcings. The natural Earth’s climate system, even in the absence of humans, is nonlinear in which forcings and ...
Climatic changes (Franck Roux) - Severe Weather Information Centre
Climatic changes (Franck Roux) - Severe Weather Information Centre

... which reproduce reasonably corrext intensity distribution for past and present conditions, show evidence for some increase of intensity. • There is a clear tendency among these models at higher resolution to project an increase in the frequency of the strongest tropical cyclones, although this may n ...
Syllabus - The Bodanyi Project
Syllabus - The Bodanyi Project

... problem for policy makers, the solutions available, and the policy instruments likely to lead to implementation of these technologies and change of behavior. Course Organization The course is organized in four units drawing on multiple academic disciplines. In the first unit, we will define global ...
md046e
md046e

... change depends on trends in GHG emissions, which in turn determines the speed of the expected changes and hence the room for manoeuvre. Not only do Latin America and the Caribbean and their agriculture have the potential for mitigating GHG emissions, their joint efforts to reduce emissions will in t ...
Can Climate Change Be Good for Greenland? An Arctic Island`s
Can Climate Change Be Good for Greenland? An Arctic Island`s

... much global sea level would rise if all of the ice sheets were to melt. However, little is written about how climate change will affect those who live there. Despite its location, Greenland shares some similarities with the global south. Many of its 60,000 inhabitants subsist at least in part on nat ...
Global Warming`s Increasingly Visible Impacts
Global Warming`s Increasingly Visible Impacts

... concentrations of greenhouse gases since pre-industrial times (to levels higher than at any other time in at least the last 420,000 years) has been caused by human activities, mostly the burning of fossil fuels (coal, oil, and natural gas), and to a lesser extent, deforestation.3 The ability of gree ...
Workshop of the Abdus Salam International Center for Theoretical
Workshop of the Abdus Salam International Center for Theoretical

... Meteorological Organization and the United Nations Environmental Program to assess scientific information on climate change. The IPCC publishes reports that summarize the state of the science (and currently working in the Fourth Assessment Report, AR4) In response to a proposed activity of the World ...
Reaching professionals and ordinary citizens
Reaching professionals and ordinary citizens

... closer to ordinary people – to arouse their interest, increase their awareness, and change their attitudes. The Finnish campaign was uniquely intense and effective, thanks to the networks, materials and working methods already established during the earlier phases of the Finnish Climate Change Commu ...
Climate Protection
Climate Protection

... up to now guarantee that climate change will change our future living conditions. The dilemma lies in the fact that the time scales of nature are not congruent with those of political decision-making cycles in democratic societies, which proceed in terms of election periods and cycles of attention, ...
Dear Al - Friends of Science
Dear Al - Friends of Science

... temperature increases of 0.3C, 0.25C and 0.45C respectively in the 12 years to 2000: an average of 0.33C. But 0.06C was the actual increase (NCDC, 2006). I fairly said 0.3C and 0.1C. As to sea levels, I corrected this point in my second article. Mean sea level is difficult to measure. It probably ro ...
587_7 - UW Atmospheric Sciences
587_7 - UW Atmospheric Sciences

...  Ozone (O3) occurs in two places in the atmosphere  In the ozone layer very high up ...
The Problem - CLIMsystems
The Problem - CLIMsystems

... Major concerns have been raised about the effects of climatic changes on Australia’s tropical forests (Williams et al., 2003). Many species are well-adapted to current climatic variability. However, many are restricted to geographic and climatic ranges and are vulnerable to long-term changes in aver ...
Stott et al, 2000 - International Research Institute for Climate and
Stott et al, 2000 - International Research Institute for Climate and

... more than three decades when temperatures showed no long-term increase. The net radiative forcing of the atmosphere from the combined effects of greenhouse gases and sulfate aerosols is estimated to have increased more rapidly after 1960 than before (8). Consequently, climate models that include the ...
Michael Dettinger - Scripps Institution of Oceanography
Michael Dettinger - Scripps Institution of Oceanography

... 1979-81: Engineer-scientist, Camp Dresser & McKee, Inc., Walnut Creek, California: Water resources consulting & groundwater modeling Resource evaluations, groundwater flow/transport modeling, and water quality management studies for DOE nuclear-waste programs, Guam EPA, water-quality districts, and ...
The Causes of Global Climate Change
The Causes of Global Climate Change

... system demonstrates that man-made greenhouse gases have been the dominant forcing of climate change over the past halfcentury. The distinct fingerprint of man-made greenhouse gases has been detected in records of surface temperature, ocean heat content, and the vertical structure of the atmosphere a ...
Increasing climate resiliency of Philippine
Increasing climate resiliency of Philippine

... In terms of coverage, the DENR in 1998 reported that mangrove area has decreased greatly from an estimated coverage of 450,000 hectares in 1918 to less than 120,000ha in the late 1990’s. Despite numerous researches and attempts to quantify remaining mangrove forest, a precise figure is still wanting ...
Japan`s Urbanization and Growth Processes
Japan`s Urbanization and Growth Processes

... 3. ADB-WorldBank-JICA Joint Study: “Climate Change Impact and Adaptation in Asian Coastal Cities” (1) Cities: Manila (JICA) Bangkok, Kolkata (WorldBank) Ho Chi Minh City (ADB) (2) Purpose: To inform urban planners on potential risk and cost/benefit of adaptation (3) Study team; Simulation model dev ...
The Science and Politics of Climate Change Transcript
The Science and Politics of Climate Change Transcript

... But it had a whole range of conclusions about changes in the climate system projected into the future. Like, it’s very likely that hot extremes, heatwaves and heavy precipitation events will continue to become more frequent. It sounds like they were describing this summer in Australia. Snow cover an ...
Wildlife - Province of British Columbia
Wildlife - Province of British Columbia

... requirements such as cover and food. Present habitat availability is a product of current conditions and the historic landscape processes that govern the frequency, spatial extent and severity of landscape scale disturbances. In the past, individuals responded to natural disturbances by dispersing t ...
The greenhouse effect and global warming
The greenhouse effect and global warming

... is in fact the most potent natural greenhouse gas, and any increase, caused indirectly by warming due to increases in other greenhouse gas concentrations, would further trap heat. Frank Wentz, a physicist at Remote Sensing Systems of Santa Rosa, California, analysed data from three NASA satellites t ...
Consistency analysis
Consistency analysis

... • So far, and in the next few decades, the signal is limited to temperature and directly related variables, such as ice conditions. • Later, changes in the water cycle are expected to become obvious. • This regional warming will have a variety of effects on terrestrial and marine ecosystems – some p ...
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Effects of global warming



The effects of global warming are the environmental and social changes caused (directly or indirectly) by human emissions of greenhouse gases. There is a scientific consensus that climate change is occurring, and that human activities are the primary driver. Many impacts of climate change have already been observed, including glacier retreat, changes in the timing of seasonal events (e.g., earlier flowering of plants), and changes in agricultural productivity.Future effects of climate change will vary depending on climate change policies and social development. The two main policies to address climate change are reducing human greenhouse gas emissions (climate change mitigation) and adapting to the impacts of climate change. Geoengineering is another policy option.Near-term climate change policies could significantly affect long-term climate change impacts. Stringent mitigation policies might be able to limit global warming (in 2100) to around 2 °C or below, relative to pre-industrial levels. Without mitigation, increased energy demand and extensive use of fossil fuels might lead to global warming of around 4 °C. Higher magnitudes of global warming would be more difficult to adapt to, and would increase the risk of negative impacts.
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