A Climate in Crisis: How climate change is
... have access to safe drinking water across these three countries in 2017. There are increasing concerns that the situation will get much worse. The current rainy season has been slow to get underway. During March and early April, Kenya, Ethiopia and Somalia experienced low rainfall. The outlook for t ...
... have access to safe drinking water across these three countries in 2017. There are increasing concerns that the situation will get much worse. The current rainy season has been slow to get underway. During March and early April, Kenya, Ethiopia and Somalia experienced low rainfall. The outlook for t ...
Climate Change Impacts on Water and Security
... The current potential to develop appropriate regional adaptation measures towards climate change impacts suffers heavily from large uncertainties. These spread along a long chain of components, starting from the definition of emission scenarios to global and regional climate modelling to impact mode ...
... The current potential to develop appropriate regional adaptation measures towards climate change impacts suffers heavily from large uncertainties. These spread along a long chain of components, starting from the definition of emission scenarios to global and regional climate modelling to impact mode ...
Climate change, development, poverty and economics
... systems. It is imperative that these investment decisions are taken with climate change in mind. If they are there will be substantial benefits for development and poverty reduction – living spaces where we can move, breathe and be productive, better protection for fragile ecosystems, as well as the ...
... systems. It is imperative that these investment decisions are taken with climate change in mind. If they are there will be substantial benefits for development and poverty reduction – living spaces where we can move, breathe and be productive, better protection for fragile ecosystems, as well as the ...
CMIP5 data provided at the IPCC Data Distribution Centre
... first described by Gates (1992)] and the future climate (in particular, the decade 2026–35, which allows for direct comparison with the fully coupled experiments). In time-slice simulations of the future, projected changes in sea surface temperature (SST) and sea ice are obtained from a prior simula ...
... first described by Gates (1992)] and the future climate (in particular, the decade 2026–35, which allows for direct comparison with the fully coupled experiments). In time-slice simulations of the future, projected changes in sea surface temperature (SST) and sea ice are obtained from a prior simula ...
Projections of precipitation, air temperature and potential
... the region of eastern Africa has been experienced an intensifying dipole rainfall pattern on the decadal timescale. The dipole is characterized by increasing rainfall over the northern sector and declining amounts over the southern sector. East Africa has suffered both excessive and deficient rainfa ...
... the region of eastern Africa has been experienced an intensifying dipole rainfall pattern on the decadal timescale. The dipole is characterized by increasing rainfall over the northern sector and declining amounts over the southern sector. East Africa has suffered both excessive and deficient rainfa ...
Regional temperature and precipitation changes under high
... are located over much of the Arctic for both high-end and non-high-end models (figure 1a,b) and have very similar magnitudes. These changes are much greater than those for JJA (figure 2a,b). The largest increases in DJF occur over Canada and the northern half of Asia and are about 4◦ C per 1◦ C of glo ...
... are located over much of the Arctic for both high-end and non-high-end models (figure 1a,b) and have very similar magnitudes. These changes are much greater than those for JJA (figure 2a,b). The largest increases in DJF occur over Canada and the northern half of Asia and are about 4◦ C per 1◦ C of glo ...
Global imprint of climate change on marine life
... (15.4 ± 8.7 km dec−1 ) were significantly slower than leading-edge expansions (72.0±13.5 km dec−1 ). Recent analysis suggests that both leading and trailing range edges for ectothermic marine organisms are equally responsive to warming13 . Thus, our faster leading-edge shifts might be driven by stro ...
... (15.4 ± 8.7 km dec−1 ) were significantly slower than leading-edge expansions (72.0±13.5 km dec−1 ). Recent analysis suggests that both leading and trailing range edges for ectothermic marine organisms are equally responsive to warming13 . Thus, our faster leading-edge shifts might be driven by stro ...
Climate Trends and Projections for the South Sask. River
... Also included is a discussion of the modes and causes of the internal variability of the regional climate. The objective of this report is to provide the SEAWA with a scientific perspective on the variability of surface water in southeastern Alberta and how it relates to observations and projections ...
... Also included is a discussion of the modes and causes of the internal variability of the regional climate. The objective of this report is to provide the SEAWA with a scientific perspective on the variability of surface water in southeastern Alberta and how it relates to observations and projections ...
Waves of Change: Climate Change in the Pacific Islands
... you've don't this to us and what are you going to do about it? I've been waiting for an answer quite some time and we are running out of time." --Anote Tong President of Kiribati “Doing ...
... you've don't this to us and what are you going to do about it? I've been waiting for an answer quite some time and we are running out of time." --Anote Tong President of Kiribati “Doing ...
biodiversity and climate change
... Changes to ecosystems can affect their ability to provide essential services, such as carbon sequestration and food provision. The marine ecosystem is one of the most vulnerable and climate change has already had an impact on seabirds and North Sea cod (Box 4). ...
... Changes to ecosystems can affect their ability to provide essential services, such as carbon sequestration and food provision. The marine ecosystem is one of the most vulnerable and climate change has already had an impact on seabirds and North Sea cod (Box 4). ...
5-Russel 2012
... Early research into climate change focussed not on the eVects of changing environmental conditions in ecosystems, but rather how climatic conditions themselves were likely to change and whether these changes could be attributed to human activities. As such, the scale of these investigations was both ...
... Early research into climate change focussed not on the eVects of changing environmental conditions in ecosystems, but rather how climatic conditions themselves were likely to change and whether these changes could be attributed to human activities. As such, the scale of these investigations was both ...
PDF
... characteristics of changes in temperature distributions in response to background warming is an important aspect of fully understanding changes in heat extremes and their associated impacts on human and ecosystem health [3] The equatorial and southern parts of eastern Africa have experienced a signi ...
... characteristics of changes in temperature distributions in response to background warming is an important aspect of fully understanding changes in heat extremes and their associated impacts on human and ecosystem health [3] The equatorial and southern parts of eastern Africa have experienced a signi ...
The impacts of climate change on terrestrial Earth surface systems
... focused on Earth surface system responses to anthropogenic landuse change, with relatively little emphasis on the impacts of climate change. As a result, the future dynamics of Earth surface systems as a downstream response to climate-induced biome shifts are largely unknown, and this must been seen ...
... focused on Earth surface system responses to anthropogenic landuse change, with relatively little emphasis on the impacts of climate change. As a result, the future dynamics of Earth surface systems as a downstream response to climate-induced biome shifts are largely unknown, and this must been seen ...
PDF > Chapter 1
... s even-meter rise of sea level. The position of the threshold, however, is not precisely known. But one thing is certain: Even if the emission of carbon dioxide were s tabilized at today’s levels it would not lead to a stabiliza- ...
... s even-meter rise of sea level. The position of the threshold, however, is not precisely known. But one thing is certain: Even if the emission of carbon dioxide were s tabilized at today’s levels it would not lead to a stabiliza- ...
Climate Change 2014 2015
... into a grainy ice called firn. • In deep layers of snow and firn, the pressure of the overlying layers flattens the ice grains and squeezes the air from between the grains. • The continued buildup of snow and firn forms a glacier that moves downslope or outward under its own weight. ...
... into a grainy ice called firn. • In deep layers of snow and firn, the pressure of the overlying layers flattens the ice grains and squeezes the air from between the grains. • The continued buildup of snow and firn forms a glacier that moves downslope or outward under its own weight. ...
Native Communities and Climate Change
... arth’s climate is rapidly changing in significant ways. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) predicts that the 21st century will experience accelerating rates of climate change, largely due to the build up of atmospheric CO2 and the accumulation of heat in the oceans. Among the IPCC’ ...
... arth’s climate is rapidly changing in significant ways. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) predicts that the 21st century will experience accelerating rates of climate change, largely due to the build up of atmospheric CO2 and the accumulation of heat in the oceans. Among the IPCC’ ...
Decomposition of 14C-labeled roots in a pasture soil
... we found no interactive treatment effects on either yield, CH4 emissions, or yieldscaled CH4 emissions (data not shown, see ref. 6 for details). Climate models estimate that by the end of the 21st century, land temperatures in rice growing regions will be 4°C warmer than today7. Since we found no ...
... we found no interactive treatment effects on either yield, CH4 emissions, or yieldscaled CH4 emissions (data not shown, see ref. 6 for details). Climate models estimate that by the end of the 21st century, land temperatures in rice growing regions will be 4°C warmer than today7. Since we found no ...
The challenge to detect and attribute effects of climate change on
... many natural systems, influenced by increasing temperatures, notably since 1970. For many other systems, notably human systems, such impacts have been considered to be “. . . emerging, although many are difficult to discern due to adaptation and nonclimatic drivers” (IPCC 2007). The rigorous investi ...
... many natural systems, influenced by increasing temperatures, notably since 1970. For many other systems, notably human systems, such impacts have been considered to be “. . . emerging, although many are difficult to discern due to adaptation and nonclimatic drivers” (IPCC 2007). The rigorous investi ...
A probabilistic analysis of human influence on
... average monthly temperatures exceeding the 20th century average for each corresponding month resulting in a total of 346 months. Such a fact would seem to strongly support the hypothesis that global warming is occurring, but the question remains: how strong is this evidence (Bowman et al., 2010)? Ev ...
... average monthly temperatures exceeding the 20th century average for each corresponding month resulting in a total of 346 months. Such a fact would seem to strongly support the hypothesis that global warming is occurring, but the question remains: how strong is this evidence (Bowman et al., 2010)? Ev ...
The challenge to detect and attribute effects of climate change on
... many natural systems, influenced by increasing temperatures, notably since 1970. For many other systems, notably human systems, such impacts have been considered to be “. . . emerging, although many are difficult to discern due to adaptation and nonclimatic drivers” (IPCC 2007). The rigorous investi ...
... many natural systems, influenced by increasing temperatures, notably since 1970. For many other systems, notably human systems, such impacts have been considered to be “. . . emerging, although many are difficult to discern due to adaptation and nonclimatic drivers” (IPCC 2007). The rigorous investi ...
Climate change and impacts in the Eastern Mediterranean and the
... agreement with the CRU data, the annual mean temperature ranges from about 0°C in mountainous areas to about 15°–17°C in coastal parts of the northern domain. The southern part of the region, i.e. North Africa and the Middle East, has notable different temperature conditions with a mean temperature ...
... agreement with the CRU data, the annual mean temperature ranges from about 0°C in mountainous areas to about 15°–17°C in coastal parts of the northern domain. The southern part of the region, i.e. North Africa and the Middle East, has notable different temperature conditions with a mean temperature ...
The Influence of Climate Change on Global Crop Productivity
... and P over a 50-year period (2040–2060 versus 1990– 2010) from 16 climate models. Results from each climate model are averaged across crop areas in five continents. The average model-projected rates of warming are similar to the mean observed rates since 1980 of roughly 0.3°C per decade (Fig. 2). The ...
... and P over a 50-year period (2040–2060 versus 1990– 2010) from 16 climate models. Results from each climate model are averaged across crop areas in five continents. The average model-projected rates of warming are similar to the mean observed rates since 1980 of roughly 0.3°C per decade (Fig. 2). The ...
Mainstreaming Water In Climate Change Adaptation
... integrated plans for coastal zone management, water resources and National Adaptation Programmes of agriculture, and for the protection and Action (NAPAs) rehabilitation of areas, particularly in provides a process for LDCs to identify Africa, affected by drought and and prioritize actions to respon ...
... integrated plans for coastal zone management, water resources and National Adaptation Programmes of agriculture, and for the protection and Action (NAPAs) rehabilitation of areas, particularly in provides a process for LDCs to identify Africa, affected by drought and and prioritize actions to respon ...
Effects of global warming
The effects of global warming are the environmental and social changes caused (directly or indirectly) by human emissions of greenhouse gases. There is a scientific consensus that climate change is occurring, and that human activities are the primary driver. Many impacts of climate change have already been observed, including glacier retreat, changes in the timing of seasonal events (e.g., earlier flowering of plants), and changes in agricultural productivity.Future effects of climate change will vary depending on climate change policies and social development. The two main policies to address climate change are reducing human greenhouse gas emissions (climate change mitigation) and adapting to the impacts of climate change. Geoengineering is another policy option.Near-term climate change policies could significantly affect long-term climate change impacts. Stringent mitigation policies might be able to limit global warming (in 2100) to around 2 °C or below, relative to pre-industrial levels. Without mitigation, increased energy demand and extensive use of fossil fuels might lead to global warming of around 4 °C. Higher magnitudes of global warming would be more difficult to adapt to, and would increase the risk of negative impacts.