State-of-the-art review of frost deposition on flat surfaces
... absorption factor is used to quantify the effects of dmw = −α w A0 ) and phase change on mass diffusion ( dx dq = α w A0hsub ) along the frost layer. heat diffusion ( dx As it can be seen, frost thickness and density are two crucial parameters for solving frosting issues. Lots of correlations and ex ...
... absorption factor is used to quantify the effects of dmw = −α w A0 ) and phase change on mass diffusion ( dx dq = α w A0hsub ) along the frost layer. heat diffusion ( dx As it can be seen, frost thickness and density are two crucial parameters for solving frosting issues. Lots of correlations and ex ...
The effect of a dynamic background albedo scheme on Sahel
... (e.g. Oleson et al., 2004; Wang, 2005), but in many schemes, e.g. in JSBACH, the land surface scheme of the Earth system model of the Max Planck Institute for Meteorology (MPIESM), it is constant. For the present-day situation the background albedo can be captured well by satellite observations and ...
... (e.g. Oleson et al., 2004; Wang, 2005), but in many schemes, e.g. in JSBACH, the land surface scheme of the Earth system model of the Max Planck Institute for Meteorology (MPIESM), it is constant. For the present-day situation the background albedo can be captured well by satellite observations and ...
R3.112 Research Report Final Updated
... Two distinct and separate mathematical manipulations were performed to achieve this goal. First, weather forecasts from the Australian Bureau of Meteorology (BoM) were used to forecast the weather at specific railtrack locations selected for the study. This involved using three-dimensional cubic int ...
... Two distinct and separate mathematical manipulations were performed to achieve this goal. First, weather forecasts from the Australian Bureau of Meteorology (BoM) were used to forecast the weather at specific railtrack locations selected for the study. This involved using three-dimensional cubic int ...
NSW Climate Impact Profile - Adapt NSW Home
... processes on: – lands (soils and soil processes) – settlements (storm and flood damage), and – ecosystems (biological communities, individual species and ecological processes). This report is limited to assessing impacts on the biophysical environment and coastal and flooding hazards. It is designed ...
... processes on: – lands (soils and soil processes) – settlements (storm and flood damage), and – ecosystems (biological communities, individual species and ecological processes). This report is limited to assessing impacts on the biophysical environment and coastal and flooding hazards. It is designed ...
a study of public understanding of and response to climate
... Conceptualising climate change as ‘weather’ .................................................... 47 Beliefs about the causes of climate change......................................................... 48 Underestimating energy use as a cause of climate change................................. 51 Doubt ...
... Conceptualising climate change as ‘weather’ .................................................... 47 Beliefs about the causes of climate change......................................................... 48 Underestimating energy use as a cause of climate change................................. 51 Doubt ...
Impacts of Climate Change and Variability on Transportation
... Section 515 and Department guidelines as the basis for determining that this product conforms with Section 515. For purposes of compliance with Section 515, this CCSP Synthesis and Assessment Product is an “interpreted product” as that term is used in Department of Transportation guidelines and is c ...
... Section 515 and Department guidelines as the basis for determining that this product conforms with Section 515. For purposes of compliance with Section 515, this CCSP Synthesis and Assessment Product is an “interpreted product” as that term is used in Department of Transportation guidelines and is c ...
Lithospheric Layering in the North American Craton
... Recent receiver function studies detect structural boundaries under continental cratons at depths too shallow to be consistent with the lithosphere-asthenosphere boundary (LAB) as inferred from seismic tomography and other geophysical studies. Using the new results from our regional surface wave tom ...
... Recent receiver function studies detect structural boundaries under continental cratons at depths too shallow to be consistent with the lithosphere-asthenosphere boundary (LAB) as inferred from seismic tomography and other geophysical studies. Using the new results from our regional surface wave tom ...
Compendium of Yukon Climate Change Science
... temperature and precipitation, consistent with trends in other circumpolar regions. Increases in air temperature have resulted in many of the most extreme warm years throughout the entire Canadian North being recorded in the last decade, with the greatest temperature increases observed over the wes ...
... temperature and precipitation, consistent with trends in other circumpolar regions. Increases in air temperature have resulted in many of the most extreme warm years throughout the entire Canadian North being recorded in the last decade, with the greatest temperature increases observed over the wes ...
Cover - IMBER
... resource management, and ecosystem structure and function. Engineered biosystems, such as for aquaculture, renewable resource, biofuels, biotechnology, and biomedical production, as well as constructed wetlands, are with ...
... resource management, and ecosystem structure and function. Engineered biosystems, such as for aquaculture, renewable resource, biofuels, biotechnology, and biomedical production, as well as constructed wetlands, are with ...
Water Demand and Supply Analysis under Changing Climatic
... In this research, impact of climate change on future water demand has been investigated by using the climate projections from a GCM and uncertainties in demand projections being estimated by developing a long term probabilistic water demand forecasting model considering stochastic nature of the pred ...
... In this research, impact of climate change on future water demand has been investigated by using the climate projections from a GCM and uncertainties in demand projections being estimated by developing a long term probabilistic water demand forecasting model considering stochastic nature of the pred ...
A FARMer`s View of the Ricardian Approach to Measuring
... have been developed to account for farmer adaptation in response to global climatic change. The first, called ‘Ricardian’ by Mendelsohn, Nordhaus, and Shaw (1994), econometrically estimates the impact of climatic and other variables on the value of farm real estate. Under some conditions, estimates ...
... have been developed to account for farmer adaptation in response to global climatic change. The first, called ‘Ricardian’ by Mendelsohn, Nordhaus, and Shaw (1994), econometrically estimates the impact of climatic and other variables on the value of farm real estate. Under some conditions, estimates ...
Climatology of Freeze-Thaw Days in the Conterminous United
... change are multiple processes which cause the variability and trends of the climate everywhere on the planet. Terrestrial factors include volcanic emissions, atmospheric content, and surface reflectivity (Pidwirny 2010). Extraterrestrial factors include solar output and earth-sun geometry. The chang ...
... change are multiple processes which cause the variability and trends of the climate everywhere on the planet. Terrestrial factors include volcanic emissions, atmospheric content, and surface reflectivity (Pidwirny 2010). Extraterrestrial factors include solar output and earth-sun geometry. The chang ...
Mapping the evolving strain field during continental breakup from
... In these cases, δt increases nearly linearly with ray-path distance between the hypocentre and seismic station, a pattern most clearly seen for the 6 splitting measurements at BOOE and for the 30 splitting measurements at ALEE (Fig. 2, Supplementary Figs S2 and S3). This strongly suggests that S-wav ...
... In these cases, δt increases nearly linearly with ray-path distance between the hypocentre and seismic station, a pattern most clearly seen for the 6 splitting measurements at BOOE and for the 30 splitting measurements at ALEE (Fig. 2, Supplementary Figs S2 and S3). This strongly suggests that S-wav ...
Mirrored at GFMC Archive - The Global Fire Monitoring Center
... are well known and accepted within the community of fire experts collaborating regionally and globally. e aim of the White Paper, edited by Goldammer (2013), published by the GFMC and summarized within the UK Government’s Foresight Project “Migration and Global Environmental Change” (Goldammer and S ...
... are well known and accepted within the community of fire experts collaborating regionally and globally. e aim of the White Paper, edited by Goldammer (2013), published by the GFMC and summarized within the UK Government’s Foresight Project “Migration and Global Environmental Change” (Goldammer and S ...
The viscosity of Earthв€™s lower mantle inferred from sinking speed
... and sea level change, heat flow, or dynamic surface topography (e.g. Ricard and Vigny, 1989; Pari and Peltier, 1995; Forte and Mitrovica, 1996; Panasyuk and Hager, 2000; Steinberger and Calderwood, 2006). These studies resulted in quite a range of viscosity– depth profiles possibly reflecting the weak ...
... and sea level change, heat flow, or dynamic surface topography (e.g. Ricard and Vigny, 1989; Pari and Peltier, 1995; Forte and Mitrovica, 1996; Panasyuk and Hager, 2000; Steinberger and Calderwood, 2006). These studies resulted in quite a range of viscosity– depth profiles possibly reflecting the weak ...
Azimuthal anisotropy and phase velocity beneath Iceland
... surface wave tomography on a global scale [20] shows complex, frequency-dependent anisotropy in the North Atlantic, but does not have su⁄cient lateral resolution to determine anisotropy beneath Iceland. Bjarnason et al. [21] measured shearwave splitting at the ICEMELT stations and explained their ob ...
... surface wave tomography on a global scale [20] shows complex, frequency-dependent anisotropy in the North Atlantic, but does not have su⁄cient lateral resolution to determine anisotropy beneath Iceland. Bjarnason et al. [21] measured shearwave splitting at the ICEMELT stations and explained their ob ...
The Definition of El Niño
... The term “El Niño” has evolved in its meaning over the years, leading to confusion in its use. Because the phenomenon involving El Niño has become very visible in recent years as a dominant source of interannual climate variability around the world, there is a need to provide a more definitive meani ...
... The term “El Niño” has evolved in its meaning over the years, leading to confusion in its use. Because the phenomenon involving El Niño has become very visible in recent years as a dominant source of interannual climate variability around the world, there is a need to provide a more definitive meani ...
Fluvial erosion
... What can accomplish this for heavy stars? Ordinary core-collapse supernova: recent era, leaving remnant Earliest epoch of star formation: PICS (pair inst. coll. su.) Runaway nuclear reactions detonate & disrupt entire star F. Kenton “Ken” Musgrave ...
... What can accomplish this for heavy stars? Ordinary core-collapse supernova: recent era, leaving remnant Earliest epoch of star formation: PICS (pair inst. coll. su.) Runaway nuclear reactions detonate & disrupt entire star F. Kenton “Ken” Musgrave ...
the transcript of the APS climate change statement review workshop
... the questions coming back to us. This is broken out. ...
... the questions coming back to us. This is broken out. ...
Earth Science - 8th Grade - West Ottawa Public Schools
... Students will understand the nature of science and demonstrate an ability to practice scientific reasoning by applying it to the design, execution, and evaluation of scientific investigations. Students will demonstrate their understanding that scientific knowledge is gathered through various forms o ...
... Students will understand the nature of science and demonstrate an ability to practice scientific reasoning by applying it to the design, execution, and evaluation of scientific investigations. Students will demonstrate their understanding that scientific knowledge is gathered through various forms o ...
China Meteorological Administration
... public meteorology as the direction of its development and always giving the highest priority to the further improvement of its meteorological services. We shall continuously pursue in-depth reform and opening-up, and strongly promote scientific and technological innovations in meteorology. Accordin ...
... public meteorology as the direction of its development and always giving the highest priority to the further improvement of its meteorological services. We shall continuously pursue in-depth reform and opening-up, and strongly promote scientific and technological innovations in meteorology. Accordin ...
A new model for the global biogeochemical cycle of carbonyl sulfide
... et al., 2007; Campbell et al., 2008). The uptake of OCS by plants was modeled to be no more than 240 GgS yr−1 by Kettle et al. (2002), but it has been recently revised upwards, with new estimates of 490 GgS yr−1 (Suntharalingam et al., 2008), of 738 GgS yr−1 in the work of Berry et al. (2013) and ev ...
... et al., 2007; Campbell et al., 2008). The uptake of OCS by plants was modeled to be no more than 240 GgS yr−1 by Kettle et al. (2002), but it has been recently revised upwards, with new estimates of 490 GgS yr−1 (Suntharalingam et al., 2008), of 738 GgS yr−1 in the work of Berry et al. (2013) and ev ...
Enabling Access to the Funds. PROFONANPE`s Adaptation
... is mandated to make a significant contribution to the united global response to mobilize US$100 billion per year by 2020 to support projects, programmes, policies and other activities in all developing country parties to the UNFCCC. In November 2015, the GCF Board approved its first eight project an ...
... is mandated to make a significant contribution to the united global response to mobilize US$100 billion per year by 2020 to support projects, programmes, policies and other activities in all developing country parties to the UNFCCC. In November 2015, the GCF Board approved its first eight project an ...
Global Energy and Water Cycle Experiment
The Global Energy and Water Cycle Experiment (GEWEX) is a research program of the World Climate Research Programme intended to observe, comprehend and model the Earth's water cycle. The experiment also observes how much energy the Earth receives, studies how much of that energy reaches surfaces of the Earth and how that energy is transformed. Sunlight's energy evaporates water to produce clouds and rain, and dries out land masses after rain. Rain that falls on land becomes the water budget which can be used by people for agricultural and other processes.GEWEX is a collaboration of researchers worldwide to find better ways of studying the water cycle and how it transforms energy through the atmosphere. If the Earth's climates were identical from year to year, then people could predict when, where and what crops to plant. However, instability created by solar variation, weather trends, and chaotic events create weather that is unpredictable on seasonal scales. Through weather patterns such as droughts and higher rainfall these cycles impact ecosystems and human activities. GEWEX is designed to collect a much greater amount of data, and see if better models of that data can forecast weather and climate change into the future.GEWEX is organized into several structures. As GEWEX was conceived projects were organized by participating factions, this task is now done by the International GEWEX Project Office (IGPO). IGPO oversees major initiatives and coordinates between national projects in an effort to bring about communication of researchers. IGPO claims to support communication exchange between 2000 scientist and is the instrument for publication of major reports. The Scientific Steering Group organizes the projects and assigns them to panels, which oversee progress and provide critique. The Coordinated Energy and Water Cycle Observations Project (CEOP) the 'Hydrology Project' is a major instrument in GEWEX. This panel includes geographic study areas such as the Climate Prediction Program for the Americas operated by NOAA, but also examines several types of climate zones (e.g. high altitude and semi-arid). Another panel, the GEWEX Radiation Panel oversees the coordinated use of satellites and ground based observation to better estimate energy and water fluxes. One recent result GEWEX's Radiation panel has assessed data on rainfall for the last 25 years and determined that that global rainfall is 2.61 mm/day with a small statistical variation. While the study period is short, after 25 years of measurement regional trends are beginning to appear. The GEWEX Modeling and Prediction Panel takes current models and analyzes the models when climate forcing phenomena occur (global warming as an example of a 'climate forcing' event). GEWEX is now the core project of WCRP.