Circuit-switching networks
... duration of a connection, even if no data are being transferred. – Utilization for voice transmission is higher than that of data transmission. – There is a delay prior to signal transfer for call establishment – Once the circuit is established, information is transmitted at a fixed rate with no del ...
... duration of a connection, even if no data are being transferred. – Utilization for voice transmission is higher than that of data transmission. – There is a delay prior to signal transfer for call establishment – Once the circuit is established, information is transmitted at a fixed rate with no del ...
Prezentacja programu PowerPoint
... Parallelism – practical example (with per-flow scheduling) • 10Gbit/s interface, 4 queues x 2,5 Gbit/s, per-flow regime • Interface load – 4Gbit/s, mix of Internet traffic a) Maximum theorethical flow size = queue size = 2,5Gbit/s b) Average queue load = 4Gbit/s / 4 queues = 1Gbit/s c) Available qu ...
... Parallelism – practical example (with per-flow scheduling) • 10Gbit/s interface, 4 queues x 2,5 Gbit/s, per-flow regime • Interface load – 4Gbit/s, mix of Internet traffic a) Maximum theorethical flow size = queue size = 2,5Gbit/s b) Average queue load = 4Gbit/s / 4 queues = 1Gbit/s c) Available qu ...
Part I: Introduction
... SYN flooding: attacker establishes many bogus TCP connections, no resources left for “real” connections prevent illegal modification/access of internal data e.g., attacker replaces CIA’s homepage with something else allow only authorized access to inside network set of authenticated users/host ...
... SYN flooding: attacker establishes many bogus TCP connections, no resources left for “real” connections prevent illegal modification/access of internal data e.g., attacker replaces CIA’s homepage with something else allow only authorized access to inside network set of authenticated users/host ...
Document
... route available at the time • It can be wasteful compared to other types of communication • It is wasteful because the circuit remains active even if the end stations are not currently transmitting ...
... route available at the time • It can be wasteful compared to other types of communication • It is wasteful because the circuit remains active even if the end stations are not currently transmitting ...
Firewalls
... • Attack fails, because the ACK bit is not set. ACK bit is set if the connection originated from inside. • Incoming TCP packets must have ACK bit set. If this started outside, then no matching data, and packet will be rejected. ...
... • Attack fails, because the ACK bit is not set. ACK bit is set if the connection originated from inside. • Incoming TCP packets must have ACK bit set. If this started outside, then no matching data, and packet will be rejected. ...
EECS 700: Network Security
... the TCP header is fragmented and the filter rule is based on TCP, it may fail – Firewall examine the SYN bit • Tiny fragment attack: Firewall only check the first fragment. The minimum fragment is 68 bytes (ICMP requirement), but the SYN bit maybe fall into the 2nd fragment with IP option. • Overlap ...
... the TCP header is fragmented and the filter rule is based on TCP, it may fail – Firewall examine the SYN bit • Tiny fragment attack: Firewall only check the first fragment. The minimum fragment is 68 bytes (ICMP requirement), but the SYN bit maybe fall into the 2nd fragment with IP option. • Overlap ...
Chapter 1 - Introduction
... 1.3.3 Packet Switching and Networking Technologies • In 1960s, the packet switching concept revolutionized data communications • Early communication networks had evolved from telegraph and telephone systems – A physical pair of wires between two parties to form a dedicated circuit ...
... 1.3.3 Packet Switching and Networking Technologies • In 1960s, the packet switching concept revolutionized data communications • Early communication networks had evolved from telegraph and telephone systems – A physical pair of wires between two parties to form a dedicated circuit ...
Chapter 1 - Introduction
... 1.3.3 Packet Switching and Networking Technologies • In 1960s, the packet switching concept revolutionized data communications • Early communication networks had evolved from telegraph and telephone systems – A physical pair of wires between two parties to form a dedicated circuit ...
... 1.3.3 Packet Switching and Networking Technologies • In 1960s, the packet switching concept revolutionized data communications • Early communication networks had evolved from telegraph and telephone systems – A physical pair of wires between two parties to form a dedicated circuit ...
bob
... The Network Appliance Platform Bring benefits of general purpose computing to high speed networking without sacrificing performance Utilize a “systems approach”: provide a complete software and hardware appliance environment Linux OS environment leverages wealth of popular L7 open source application ...
... The Network Appliance Platform Bring benefits of general purpose computing to high speed networking without sacrificing performance Utilize a “systems approach”: provide a complete software and hardware appliance environment Linux OS environment leverages wealth of popular L7 open source application ...
21-07-0102-00-0000-comments-to-lb1c
... provider either operates multiple access technologies or allows its user to roam into other networks when a service level agreement (SLA) in support of inter-working has been established.’ to ‘The model assumes that the serving network either operates multiple access technologies or allows its user ...
... provider either operates multiple access technologies or allows its user to roam into other networks when a service level agreement (SLA) in support of inter-working has been established.’ to ‘The model assumes that the serving network either operates multiple access technologies or allows its user ...
$doc.title
... • No need to update the routers – E.g., adding a new host 5.6.7.213 on the right – Doesn’t require adding a new forwarding-‐table entry ...
... • No need to update the routers – E.g., adding a new host 5.6.7.213 on the right – Doesn’t require adding a new forwarding-‐table entry ...
VANET Simulation in Diffrent Indian City Scenario
... implementing such a system in real world, most research in VANET relies on simulations for evaluation. This paper presents a comparative test of various mobility scenarios of Vehicular Ad-hoc Network in three well-known Indian Metros. The AODV routing protocol have been used for the simulation. In o ...
... implementing such a system in real world, most research in VANET relies on simulations for evaluation. This paper presents a comparative test of various mobility scenarios of Vehicular Ad-hoc Network in three well-known Indian Metros. The AODV routing protocol have been used for the simulation. In o ...
Switching Techniques
... • Virtual circuits imply acknowledgements, flow control, and error control, so virtual circuits are reliable. • That is, they have the capability to inform upper-protocol layers if a transmission problem occurs. ...
... • Virtual circuits imply acknowledgements, flow control, and error control, so virtual circuits are reliable. • That is, they have the capability to inform upper-protocol layers if a transmission problem occurs. ...
Week 01 Lecture
... ------------------------------------------------ ------------------------18. List four most popular OC rates in North America. ---------- ---------- ---------- ...
... ------------------------------------------------ ------------------------18. List four most popular OC rates in North America. ---------- ---------- ---------- ...
Understand Wide Area Networks (WANs)
... Interface(s) for VPN server. If using a router, only one NIC (network interface controller) is needed. If the network doesn't have a router or the VPN is also a gateway, the computer must have at least two interfaces, one connecting to the Internet and another connecting to the LAN. ...
... Interface(s) for VPN server. If using a router, only one NIC (network interface controller) is needed. If the network doesn't have a router or the VPN is also a gateway, the computer must have at least two interfaces, one connecting to the Internet and another connecting to the LAN. ...
Ch20
... Network can provide sequencing and error control Packets are forwarded more quickly No routing decisions to make Less reliable Loss of a node looses all circuits through that node Datagram No call setup phase Better if few packets More flexible Routing can be used to avoid conges ...
... Network can provide sequencing and error control Packets are forwarded more quickly No routing decisions to make Less reliable Loss of a node looses all circuits through that node Datagram No call setup phase Better if few packets More flexible Routing can be used to avoid conges ...
PLM & Digital Manufacturing - Industrial Engineering 2011
... changing the physical representation of information, by creating communications channels, so that many different information systems can share the same transmission medium. This gives us the opportunity of using the same transmission medium for video, audio and digital data transmission - however, w ...
... changing the physical representation of information, by creating communications channels, so that many different information systems can share the same transmission medium. This gives us the opportunity of using the same transmission medium for video, audio and digital data transmission - however, w ...
Internet2 Presentation Template
... to which temporal setup is needed Understand topological extent – for example, host-to-host? Cluster-to-cluster? Examine Backbone, RON, Campus hierarchy – understand interface options Network operations Measurement activities ...
... to which temporal setup is needed Understand topological extent – for example, host-to-host? Cluster-to-cluster? Examine Backbone, RON, Campus hierarchy – understand interface options Network operations Measurement activities ...
Introduction to Sensor Networks
... greedy choice in choosing a packet’s next hop. – Most of the times the locally optimal choice is the neighbor closest to the packet’s destination. (how ...
... greedy choice in choosing a packet’s next hop. – Most of the times the locally optimal choice is the neighbor closest to the packet’s destination. (how ...
doc - Andrew.cmu.edu
... 6. In class we discussed fragmentation and reassembly as responsibilities of the network layer, but the MTU is a function of the link layer. Why doesn't the link layer just handle the fragmentation and reassemble itself? ...
... 6. In class we discussed fragmentation and reassembly as responsibilities of the network layer, but the MTU is a function of the link layer. Why doesn't the link layer just handle the fragmentation and reassemble itself? ...
Windows Firewall
... connection. Much secure than static packet filter e.g. only replies to users data requests are let back in. ...
... connection. Much secure than static packet filter e.g. only replies to users data requests are let back in. ...
Lecture slides prepared by Dr Lawrie Brown (UNSW@ADFA) for
... The network interface element represents the functions and hardware needed to connect digital devices, such as data processing devices and digital telephones telephones, to the network network. Analog telephones can also be attached if the network interface contains the logic for converting to digit ...
... The network interface element represents the functions and hardware needed to connect digital devices, such as data processing devices and digital telephones telephones, to the network network. Analog telephones can also be attached if the network interface contains the logic for converting to digit ...
tutorial1
... • ARP (Address Resolution Protocol) serves for mapping from high-level IP address into low level MAC address. • Two machines on a given network can communicate only if they know each other’s physical network address ...
... • ARP (Address Resolution Protocol) serves for mapping from high-level IP address into low level MAC address. • Two machines on a given network can communicate only if they know each other’s physical network address ...
Chapter 10
... ISO has been basis for several protocol implementations One is X.25 protocol suite ...
... ISO has been basis for several protocol implementations One is X.25 protocol suite ...
Packet switching
Packet switching is a digital networking communications method that groups all transmitted data into suitably sized blocks, called packets, which are transmitted via a medium that may be shared by multiple simultaneous communication sessions. Packet switching increases network efficiency, robustness and enables technological convergence of many applications operating on the same network.Packets are composed of a header and payload. Information in the header is used by networking hardware to direct the packet to its destination where the payload is extracted and used by application software.Starting in the late 1950s, American computer scientist Paul Baran developed the concept Distributed Adaptive Message Block Switching with the goal to provide a fault-tolerant, efficient routing method for telecommunication messages as part of a research program at the RAND Corporation, funded by the US Department of Defense. This concept contrasted and contradicted the heretofore established principles of pre-allocation of network bandwidth, largely fortified by the development of telecommunications in the Bell System. The new concept found little resonance among network implementers until the independent work of Donald Davies at the National Physical Laboratory (United Kingdom) (NPL) in the late 1960s. Davies is credited with coining the modern name packet switching and inspiring numerous packet switching networks in Europe in the decade following, including the incorporation of the concept in the early ARPANET in the United States.