Shared Socioeconomic Pathways and Shared Climate Policy
... Scenario Components Representative Concentration Pathways (RCPs) Radiative forcing pathways that provide climate outputs Not designed as reference or policy scenarios – intended to supply climate data that can be combined with SSPs What is the climate (radiative forcing) goal? ...
... Scenario Components Representative Concentration Pathways (RCPs) Radiative forcing pathways that provide climate outputs Not designed as reference or policy scenarios – intended to supply climate data that can be combined with SSPs What is the climate (radiative forcing) goal? ...
The Political Economy of Climate Change Science
... significant reduction in the consumption of fossil fuel, which, in turn, would mean a significant increase in the prices of the most carbonous fuels, coal and oil. Such a policy would harm the world’s poor - both directly, because of increases in the cost of heating and transport, and indirectly, be ...
... significant reduction in the consumption of fossil fuel, which, in turn, would mean a significant increase in the prices of the most carbonous fuels, coal and oil. Such a policy would harm the world’s poor - both directly, because of increases in the cost of heating and transport, and indirectly, be ...
Climate Change in Antarctica
... climate change and sensitive biological indicators of contemporary change. ...
... climate change and sensitive biological indicators of contemporary change. ...
A New Modelfor the American Research
... in drivers such as anthropogenic CO2—requires quantifying the uncertainty in the assumptions of the model, the structure of the model, the physical approximations in the model, the data used to calibrate the model, and the parameters of the model. As a result, forecasts of global average temperature ...
... in drivers such as anthropogenic CO2—requires quantifying the uncertainty in the assumptions of the model, the structure of the model, the physical approximations in the model, the data used to calibrate the model, and the parameters of the model. As a result, forecasts of global average temperature ...
Ch. 20 Notes – The Atmosphere: Climate, Climate Change and
... • Eleven of the twelve years in the period (1995-2006) rank among the top 12 warmest years in the instrumental record (since 1850, towards the end of the Little Ice Age). • Warming in the last 100 years has caused about a 0.74 °C increase in global average temperature. This is up from the 0.6 °C inc ...
... • Eleven of the twelve years in the period (1995-2006) rank among the top 12 warmest years in the instrumental record (since 1850, towards the end of the Little Ice Age). • Warming in the last 100 years has caused about a 0.74 °C increase in global average temperature. This is up from the 0.6 °C inc ...
Learning from mistakes in climate research | SpringerLink
... Perhaps the most common problem with the cases examined here was missing contextual information (Bthe prosecutor’s fallacy^ (Wheelan 2013)), and there are several plausible explanations for why relevant information may be neglected. The most obvious explanation is that the authors were unaware of su ...
... Perhaps the most common problem with the cases examined here was missing contextual information (Bthe prosecutor’s fallacy^ (Wheelan 2013)), and there are several plausible explanations for why relevant information may be neglected. The most obvious explanation is that the authors were unaware of su ...
Week Nine
... • Warming in western mountains is projected to cause decreased snowpack, more winter flooding, and reduced summer flows, exacerbating competition for over-allocated water resources; • In the early decades of the century, moderate climate change is projected to increase aggregate yields of rain-fed a ...
... • Warming in western mountains is projected to cause decreased snowpack, more winter flooding, and reduced summer flows, exacerbating competition for over-allocated water resources; • In the early decades of the century, moderate climate change is projected to increase aggregate yields of rain-fed a ...
Braconnot et al. (2012) - Harvard John A. Paulson School of
... that perform equally well for present-day climate produce very different responses to anthropogenic forcing 2,3. Palaeoclimate simulations of the Last Glacial Maximum, the mid-Holocene and the Last Millennium are to be included for the first time in the suite of CMIP5 simulations4. Simulations of ti ...
... that perform equally well for present-day climate produce very different responses to anthropogenic forcing 2,3. Palaeoclimate simulations of the Last Glacial Maximum, the mid-Holocene and the Last Millennium are to be included for the first time in the suite of CMIP5 simulations4. Simulations of ti ...
Managing for Change in the Jemez Mountains
... resources will be needed to prevent erosion and exotic weed invasion after these crownfires and natural tree reestablishment will be extremely slow. The more severe climate scenario will require new strategies entirely. This includes managing large expanses of the landscape as it transforms from fo ...
... resources will be needed to prevent erosion and exotic weed invasion after these crownfires and natural tree reestablishment will be extremely slow. The more severe climate scenario will require new strategies entirely. This includes managing large expanses of the landscape as it transforms from fo ...
Nepal: A political perspective on Climate Change
... security requirements, a section of global players are promoting their commercial vested interests. Efforts are being made under a USA's bilateral project to kill sustainability and long term local viability of Nepalese agriculture by introducing hybrid and genetically modified seeds.v We may, on th ...
... security requirements, a section of global players are promoting their commercial vested interests. Efforts are being made under a USA's bilateral project to kill sustainability and long term local viability of Nepalese agriculture by introducing hybrid and genetically modified seeds.v We may, on th ...
FAQ 8.1 | How Important Is Water Vapour to Climate Change?
... 70 kg. With every extra degree of air temperature, the atmosphere can retain around 7% more water vapour (see upper-left insert in the FAQ 8.1, Figure 1). This increase in concentration amplifies the greenhouse effect, and therefore leads to more warming. This process, referred to as the water vapou ...
... 70 kg. With every extra degree of air temperature, the atmosphere can retain around 7% more water vapour (see upper-left insert in the FAQ 8.1, Figure 1). This increase in concentration amplifies the greenhouse effect, and therefore leads to more warming. This process, referred to as the water vapou ...
Climate Change in Arkansas - Southern Climate Impacts Planning
... decades. Global temperatures are expected to increase another 3-12 degrees Fahrenheit by 2100 (IPCC). Projections for the U.S. Southeast show a temperature increase of 4-8 degrees by 2100, with projected increases for interior states 1-2 degrees higher than coastal areas (NCA). Major consequences of ...
... decades. Global temperatures are expected to increase another 3-12 degrees Fahrenheit by 2100 (IPCC). Projections for the U.S. Southeast show a temperature increase of 4-8 degrees by 2100, with projected increases for interior states 1-2 degrees higher than coastal areas (NCA). Major consequences of ...
PDF
... for non-commercial purposes by any means, provided that this copyright notice appears on all such copies. ...
... for non-commercial purposes by any means, provided that this copyright notice appears on all such copies. ...
Greenhouse warming and the 21st Century hydroclimate of
... he 24 climate models used as part of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change Assessment Report Four (IPCC AR4) robustly predict that southwestern North America (SWNA), a region defined as stretching form the high Plains to the Pacific Ocean and from the latitude of the California-Oregin border ...
... he 24 climate models used as part of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change Assessment Report Four (IPCC AR4) robustly predict that southwestern North America (SWNA), a region defined as stretching form the high Plains to the Pacific Ocean and from the latitude of the California-Oregin border ...
Global Warming
... whether human activities are leading to an enhancement of the greenhouse effect. Are greenhouse gases increasing? Human activity has been increasing the concentration of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere (mostly carbon dioxide from combustion of coal, oil, and gas; plus a few other trace gases). Th ...
... whether human activities are leading to an enhancement of the greenhouse effect. Are greenhouse gases increasing? Human activity has been increasing the concentration of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere (mostly carbon dioxide from combustion of coal, oil, and gas; plus a few other trace gases). Th ...
The Role Of Halocarbons In The Climate Change Of The
... Abstract. Releases of halocarbons into the atmosphere over the last 50 years are among the factors that have contributed to changes in the Earth’s climate since pre-industrial times. Their individual and collective potential to contribute directly to surface climate change is usually gauged through ...
... Abstract. Releases of halocarbons into the atmosphere over the last 50 years are among the factors that have contributed to changes in the Earth’s climate since pre-industrial times. Their individual and collective potential to contribute directly to surface climate change is usually gauged through ...
PDF
... in a hedonic regression; and use of recent climate scenarios that go beyond the traditional assumption of uniform impacts across regions of a doubling of greenhouse gas concentrations in the atmosphere (Schlenker et al., 2004). Their results show that, when the model is estimated for dryland non-urb ...
... in a hedonic regression; and use of recent climate scenarios that go beyond the traditional assumption of uniform impacts across regions of a doubling of greenhouse gas concentrations in the atmosphere (Schlenker et al., 2004). Their results show that, when the model is estimated for dryland non-urb ...
Visualizing changes in the Earth System: Climate Change and
... observed warming will be irreversible for many years into the future, and even larger temperature increases will occur as greenhouse gases continue to accumulate in the atmosphere. Avoiding this future warming will require a large and rapid reduction in global greenhouse gas emissions. The ongoing w ...
... observed warming will be irreversible for many years into the future, and even larger temperature increases will occur as greenhouse gases continue to accumulate in the atmosphere. Avoiding this future warming will require a large and rapid reduction in global greenhouse gas emissions. The ongoing w ...
Impact of global change on biodiversity and
... 1 cm ) in semi-arid climates to study the effect of changes in rainfall variability. The density of the seed bank and annual mean water availability were the most important predictors of biomass. In order to simulate the dynamics of annual plants at the landscape scale (grain size 25 m2), we carried ...
... 1 cm ) in semi-arid climates to study the effect of changes in rainfall variability. The density of the seed bank and annual mean water availability were the most important predictors of biomass. In order to simulate the dynamics of annual plants at the landscape scale (grain size 25 m2), we carried ...
Official PDF , 11 pages - World bank documents
... between 1901 and 2010), disappearing glaciers and extreme weather events on the rise; ...
... between 1901 and 2010), disappearing glaciers and extreme weather events on the rise; ...