Historical and Idealized Climate Model Experiments: An EMIC
... variety of Earth System Models of Intermediate Complexity (EMICs) as part of a community contribution to the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change Fifth Assessment Report. Historical simulations start at 850 CE and continue through to 2005. The standard simulations include changes in forcing fro ...
... variety of Earth System Models of Intermediate Complexity (EMICs) as part of a community contribution to the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change Fifth Assessment Report. Historical simulations start at 850 CE and continue through to 2005. The standard simulations include changes in forcing fro ...
Projection of Temperature and Precipitation in Southern Iran Using
... Houghton 2001; National Research Council 2001; Parry et al. 2007; Meehl et al. 2007). The primary greenhouse gases in the earth’s atmosphere are water vapor, carbon dioxide, methane, nitrous oxide, and ozone that absorb and emit radiation within the thermal infrared range. The net function of these ...
... Houghton 2001; National Research Council 2001; Parry et al. 2007; Meehl et al. 2007). The primary greenhouse gases in the earth’s atmosphere are water vapor, carbon dioxide, methane, nitrous oxide, and ozone that absorb and emit radiation within the thermal infrared range. The net function of these ...
Evolutionary response of the egg hatching date of LETTERS *
... alter the reaction norm elevation). Thus, it is the winter moth’s response to temperature that has genetically changed. The genetic change in reaction norm is mainly a change in elevation and to a lesser extent in slope (Fig. 1b). Whereas the quantitative genetic model predicts the largest shift at ...
... alter the reaction norm elevation). Thus, it is the winter moth’s response to temperature that has genetically changed. The genetic change in reaction norm is mainly a change in elevation and to a lesser extent in slope (Fig. 1b). Whereas the quantitative genetic model predicts the largest shift at ...
Venezuela-Climate Change
... paradox for Venezuela. Oil is critical to the present-day economic health of the country, but detrimental to its long-term sustainability. In his 2009 address at the Climate Change Conference in Copenhagen, recently deceased president Hugo Chavez explained, "Climate change is undoubtedly the most de ...
... paradox for Venezuela. Oil is critical to the present-day economic health of the country, but detrimental to its long-term sustainability. In his 2009 address at the Climate Change Conference in Copenhagen, recently deceased president Hugo Chavez explained, "Climate change is undoubtedly the most de ...
Long-Term Ecological Records and Their Relevance to Climate
... anticipated increases in temperature have relatively low biodiversity today, such as the Arctic or the Sahara and Namibian deserts; however, of the world’s biodiversity hot spots, the Amazon is expected to experience particularly pronounced warming. Anticipated impacts of the predicted climate chang ...
... anticipated increases in temperature have relatively low biodiversity today, such as the Arctic or the Sahara and Namibian deserts; however, of the world’s biodiversity hot spots, the Amazon is expected to experience particularly pronounced warming. Anticipated impacts of the predicted climate chang ...
The paradox of Anthony Giddens
... novelty or timeliness. In short, this is a book that either should not have been written or which ought to have taken much longer to write (resulting, one would hope, in a much better text). Some background, before I seek to make good on these less than flattering assertions. Anthony Giddens has enj ...
... novelty or timeliness. In short, this is a book that either should not have been written or which ought to have taken much longer to write (resulting, one would hope, in a much better text). Some background, before I seek to make good on these less than flattering assertions. Anthony Giddens has enj ...
skepticism-ce-footnotes
... years old, although religious behavior may be far older: ‘Yet, since religious conceptions are not always bound to material objects, and since there is evidence that truly human beings existed even during early Paleolithic times, it is inadmissible to infer that earliest man had no religion from the ...
... years old, although religious behavior may be far older: ‘Yet, since religious conceptions are not always bound to material objects, and since there is evidence that truly human beings existed even during early Paleolithic times, it is inadmissible to infer that earliest man had no religion from the ...
The Global Ozone Layer
... forcing. New fluorocarbons, suggested as possible replacements for HCFC and HFC that are potent greenhouse gases, are less potent greenhouse gases. Nitrous oxide (N2O) is known to both deplete global ozone and warm the climate. The current ODP-weighted anthropogenic emission is larger than that ...
... forcing. New fluorocarbons, suggested as possible replacements for HCFC and HFC that are potent greenhouse gases, are less potent greenhouse gases. Nitrous oxide (N2O) is known to both deplete global ozone and warm the climate. The current ODP-weighted anthropogenic emission is larger than that ...
Our Climate Options Have Shrunk
... "At our IPCC meeting, they treated the SPM (Summary for Policymakers) as though it were a legal document rather than a scientific report. To achieve consensus, the text of the SPM was made vaguer in many places, and its content diluted to the extent that in some places not much substance remained." ...
... "At our IPCC meeting, they treated the SPM (Summary for Policymakers) as though it were a legal document rather than a scientific report. To achieve consensus, the text of the SPM was made vaguer in many places, and its content diluted to the extent that in some places not much substance remained." ...
Climate Press
... Niño phenomenon or the distribution of sea surface temperatures in the tropics. The simulation of cloud formation and its change has been the biggest problem in climate modelling for years and is still largely unsolved. Nevertheless, the models are able to describe, at least roughly, past long-term ...
... Niño phenomenon or the distribution of sea surface temperatures in the tropics. The simulation of cloud formation and its change has been the biggest problem in climate modelling for years and is still largely unsolved. Nevertheless, the models are able to describe, at least roughly, past long-term ...
Strategy Paper 11
... Indiscriminate Land Use and Land-use Change 11.9 Changes in land use due to urbanisation, agriculture activities and industrialisation together with population growth and non-compliance to development guidelines have further strained forested areas and caused degradation in ecosystem services1. For ...
... Indiscriminate Land Use and Land-use Change 11.9 Changes in land use due to urbanisation, agriculture activities and industrialisation together with population growth and non-compliance to development guidelines have further strained forested areas and caused degradation in ecosystem services1. For ...
Executive Summary - Overseas Development Institute
... countries have been left behind. Fragile states such as the Ivory Coast and South Sudan, gained much smaller sums - $350,000 and $700,000 - respectively, reflecting the difficulty of spending funds in these environments. Several middle income countries, highly vulnerable to the impacts of climate ch ...
... countries have been left behind. Fragile states such as the Ivory Coast and South Sudan, gained much smaller sums - $350,000 and $700,000 - respectively, reflecting the difficulty of spending funds in these environments. Several middle income countries, highly vulnerable to the impacts of climate ch ...
Project No. 282910 Effects of Climate Change on Air Pollution
... Based on the emerging activities of the first year, it is now hypothesized that, that climate change will worsen the threat of air pollutants on Europe’s ecosystems: Climate warming may cause an increase the emissions of many trace gases, such as biogenic volatile organic compounds (BVOCs), ammonia ...
... Based on the emerging activities of the first year, it is now hypothesized that, that climate change will worsen the threat of air pollutants on Europe’s ecosystems: Climate warming may cause an increase the emissions of many trace gases, such as biogenic volatile organic compounds (BVOCs), ammonia ...
A Guide for Incorporating Adaptation to Climate
... interrelationships that exist between the foundations underlying climate change, including climatic, environmental, political, economic, institutional, societal, and technological processes (IPCC 2001). It is this very complexity, interrelated nature, and far reaching implications that make addressi ...
... interrelationships that exist between the foundations underlying climate change, including climatic, environmental, political, economic, institutional, societal, and technological processes (IPCC 2001). It is this very complexity, interrelated nature, and far reaching implications that make addressi ...
Development of new parametrisations and sub - HiGEM
... components of the Earth system. Rapid increases in computer power projected for the coming years will enable much higher resolution to be used and will revolutionise global environmental modelling. The current, state-of-the-art coupled climate models have a typical resolution of ~30 (N48) in the atm ...
... components of the Earth system. Rapid increases in computer power projected for the coming years will enable much higher resolution to be used and will revolutionise global environmental modelling. The current, state-of-the-art coupled climate models have a typical resolution of ~30 (N48) in the atm ...
Assessing the impacts of global warming on meteorological hazards
... meteorological hazards that would spawn disasters. Based on the statistics on natural disasters ...
... meteorological hazards that would spawn disasters. Based on the statistics on natural disasters ...
Reshaping the Debate on Climate Change A lecture by Mary Robinson,
... or reduce the chance of it becoming severe or irreversible. A second way of managing it is to learn how to adapt to those changes that will take place. As to the first, the idea that we can stop climate change happening at all is looking increasingly out of reach. As things stand, as I think you wel ...
... or reduce the chance of it becoming severe or irreversible. A second way of managing it is to learn how to adapt to those changes that will take place. As to the first, the idea that we can stop climate change happening at all is looking increasingly out of reach. As things stand, as I think you wel ...
Climate change and Sea-level rise
... other disturbances in U.S. forests.16 Biologists report individual species such as Edith‟s Checkerspot Butterfly and the Red Fox have shifted north or to higher altitudes. Other species including Mexican Jays and Tree Swallows have experienced changes in the timing of reproduction, as have plants su ...
... other disturbances in U.S. forests.16 Biologists report individual species such as Edith‟s Checkerspot Butterfly and the Red Fox have shifted north or to higher altitudes. Other species including Mexican Jays and Tree Swallows have experienced changes in the timing of reproduction, as have plants su ...
Climate Change Strategy - Environment Yukon
... been accelerated by human activities that release greenhouse gases into the atmosphere. In Yukon, and across the circumpolar north, the effects of climate change are becoming more apparent and better understood. Yukon is experiencing impacts such as thawing permafrost, increased glacial melting, ris ...
... been accelerated by human activities that release greenhouse gases into the atmosphere. In Yukon, and across the circumpolar north, the effects of climate change are becoming more apparent and better understood. Yukon is experiencing impacts such as thawing permafrost, increased glacial melting, ris ...
Interesting times: winners, losers, and system shifts under climate
... particle-like individual-based movement options are also available; Walters et al., 2010). The non-spatial forms have been used widely and they have yielded good insights into system function and fisheries management issues (Robinson and Frid, 2003). Ecospace has not been as widely used, but given t ...
... particle-like individual-based movement options are also available; Walters et al., 2010). The non-spatial forms have been used widely and they have yielded good insights into system function and fisheries management issues (Robinson and Frid, 2003). Ecospace has not been as widely used, but given t ...
Yukon Government Climate Change Strategy
... been accelerated by human activities that release greenhouse gases into the atmosphere. In Yukon, and across the circumpolar north, the effects of climate change are becoming more apparent and better understood. Yukon is experiencing impacts such as thawing permafrost, increased glacial melting, ris ...
... been accelerated by human activities that release greenhouse gases into the atmosphere. In Yukon, and across the circumpolar north, the effects of climate change are becoming more apparent and better understood. Yukon is experiencing impacts such as thawing permafrost, increased glacial melting, ris ...
Exploring the behaviour of atmospheric temperatures under dry
... not so much to provide a range of possible predictions of future changes, but rather to highlight a methodology that can be applied to both observed and simulated data. The approach discussed here would of course be applicable to all models in order to obtain an ensemble of possible futures; this is ...
... not so much to provide a range of possible predictions of future changes, but rather to highlight a methodology that can be applied to both observed and simulated data. The approach discussed here would of course be applicable to all models in order to obtain an ensemble of possible futures; this is ...
PDF
... the community. All respondents had extensive experience in farming. The survey showed that most of the respondents started farming at an early age, when they actively assisted their parents on the farm, undertaking various farm activities, such as land clearing, sowing, and harvesting. As many as 93 ...
... the community. All respondents had extensive experience in farming. The survey showed that most of the respondents started farming at an early age, when they actively assisted their parents on the farm, undertaking various farm activities, such as land clearing, sowing, and harvesting. As many as 93 ...
Pacific Region Climate Change Science and Learning Opportunities
... Service alone cannot reverse the climate changes highlighted in this report, communicating these impacts with our 275 million annual visitors can make a difference.” More from the press release From the report's abstract: US national parks are challenged by climate and other forms of broad-scale env ...
... Service alone cannot reverse the climate changes highlighted in this report, communicating these impacts with our 275 million annual visitors can make a difference.” More from the press release From the report's abstract: US national parks are challenged by climate and other forms of broad-scale env ...
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... 15. The UNFCCC and its institutions should be a catalyst for a global transformation towards just, safe and renewable energy systems for those sectors of the population who can afford it. We stress that the UNFCCC and its institutions should be a catalyst for a global transformation towards just, af ...
... 15. The UNFCCC and its institutions should be a catalyst for a global transformation towards just, safe and renewable energy systems for those sectors of the population who can afford it. We stress that the UNFCCC and its institutions should be a catalyst for a global transformation towards just, af ...