Joshua tree (Yucca brevifolia)
... are slow-growing, slow-reproducing plants and therefore respond very slowly to changes in their environment. The delicate balance allowing Joshua trees to survive is being disrupted by several humancaused threats. Climate change is first among them; climate models indicate that by 2100, as much as 9 ...
... are slow-growing, slow-reproducing plants and therefore respond very slowly to changes in their environment. The delicate balance allowing Joshua trees to survive is being disrupted by several humancaused threats. Climate change is first among them; climate models indicate that by 2100, as much as 9 ...
Behavioral Public Choice and the Carbon Tax
... support for these alternative policies often results from a particular cognitive bias known as opportunity cost neglect.20 The opportunity cost of a climate policy represents the tradeoff that the policy entails, or more specifically, the private and public goods that society must forgo because the ...
... support for these alternative policies often results from a particular cognitive bias known as opportunity cost neglect.20 The opportunity cost of a climate policy represents the tradeoff that the policy entails, or more specifically, the private and public goods that society must forgo because the ...
Fifth National Report to the Convention on Biological Diversity Sweden
... 1.2 Major changes in the status and trends of biodiversity in Sweden There are as many ways to describe changes in the status and trends of biodiversity as there are kinds of biodiversity components. In this section two aspects of biodiversity are dealt with, based on two recent evaluations performe ...
... 1.2 Major changes in the status and trends of biodiversity in Sweden There are as many ways to describe changes in the status and trends of biodiversity as there are kinds of biodiversity components. In this section two aspects of biodiversity are dealt with, based on two recent evaluations performe ...
Ancient ecology of 15-million-year-old browsing
... indicates herbivores feeding on diverse plants from different habitats with extrapolated δ13C values of −29.9 to −24.2‰, possibly ranging from dense forest to more open country woodland. The ecological niches of individual mammalian herbivore species were differentiated either by diet or body size. ...
... indicates herbivores feeding on diverse plants from different habitats with extrapolated δ13C values of −29.9 to −24.2‰, possibly ranging from dense forest to more open country woodland. The ecological niches of individual mammalian herbivore species were differentiated either by diet or body size. ...
Small Game Management in Georgia - Georgia DNR
... high quail population was the accidental byproduct of low intensity agriculture and forestry practices commonly applied throughout most of the state during the late 1800s - mid 1900s. However, veteran quail hunters are well aware that quail abundance has dropped dramatically, making hunting much les ...
... high quail population was the accidental byproduct of low intensity agriculture and forestry practices commonly applied throughout most of the state during the late 1800s - mid 1900s. However, veteran quail hunters are well aware that quail abundance has dropped dramatically, making hunting much les ...
Tarheel Wildlife - CROWN! Charlotte Reconnecting Ourselves With
... My connection to wild animals and their habitats started longer ago than I can remember. On my family’s Guilford County farm, I quickly learned about managing the land for multiple personal, economic, and aesthetic benefits. Leopold also wrote that “[t]here are two spiritual dangers in not owning a ...
... My connection to wild animals and their habitats started longer ago than I can remember. On my family’s Guilford County farm, I quickly learned about managing the land for multiple personal, economic, and aesthetic benefits. Leopold also wrote that “[t]here are two spiritual dangers in not owning a ...
DRAFT of first half of report
... degraded or used unsustainably, and notes that: “Changes to ecosystems have contributed to a significant rise in the number of floods and major wild fires on all continents since the 1940s” 1. Economic losses from weather and flood catastrophes have increased ten-fold over the past 50 years, partial ...
... degraded or used unsustainably, and notes that: “Changes to ecosystems have contributed to a significant rise in the number of floods and major wild fires on all continents since the 1940s” 1. Economic losses from weather and flood catastrophes have increased ten-fold over the past 50 years, partial ...
Abundance and Diets of Rats in Two Native
... is limited. This study indicates that black rats, Polynesian rats, and mice are abundant in HNAR and WNP during both winter and summer. The lack of Norway rats corroborates that this species is rare in high-elevation Hawaiian forests (Tomich 1986). Other investigators have found black and Polynesian ...
... is limited. This study indicates that black rats, Polynesian rats, and mice are abundant in HNAR and WNP during both winter and summer. The lack of Norway rats corroborates that this species is rare in high-elevation Hawaiian forests (Tomich 1986). Other investigators have found black and Polynesian ...
SPOTTED OWL Strix occidentalis
... (Hanson et al. 1993). In British Columbia, annual home range estimates for 3 pairs of owls in the drier ecosystem ranged from 1732 to 4644 ha, with suitable habitat compositions ranging from 60 to 66% (A. Hilton, pers. comm.). However, these home ranges for British Columbia are likely underestimated ...
... (Hanson et al. 1993). In British Columbia, annual home range estimates for 3 pairs of owls in the drier ecosystem ranged from 1732 to 4644 ha, with suitable habitat compositions ranging from 60 to 66% (A. Hilton, pers. comm.). However, these home ranges for British Columbia are likely underestimated ...
1 A PUBLICATION OF the holden arboretum
... American goldfinches breed later than most North American birds. They wait to nest until late July or early August when milkweed, thistle, and other plants have produced fibrous seeds. Their nest is usually assembled in shrubs or saplings in an open setting 4-10 feet above the ground. Females constr ...
... American goldfinches breed later than most North American birds. They wait to nest until late July or early August when milkweed, thistle, and other plants have produced fibrous seeds. Their nest is usually assembled in shrubs or saplings in an open setting 4-10 feet above the ground. Females constr ...
Flammable Planet - The Cost of Carbon Pollution
... While the interaction of forest and wildfire dynamics often increases fire risks, climate change could also decrease certain risks. An increased CO2 fertilization effect will increase the level and rate of growth of woody plants in savanna ecosystems, such that they are more likely to escape low-lyi ...
... While the interaction of forest and wildfire dynamics often increases fire risks, climate change could also decrease certain risks. An increased CO2 fertilization effect will increase the level and rate of growth of woody plants in savanna ecosystems, such that they are more likely to escape low-lyi ...
Facing an uncertain future : how forests and people can adapt to
... (CDM) of the Kyoto Protocol, many carbon markets reward tropical forestry activities, and the inclusion of avoided tropical deforestation in a future international agreement is being discussed. While tropical forests are an important component of mitigation science and policy, their role in adaptati ...
... (CDM) of the Kyoto Protocol, many carbon markets reward tropical forestry activities, and the inclusion of avoided tropical deforestation in a future international agreement is being discussed. While tropical forests are an important component of mitigation science and policy, their role in adaptati ...
A Question of Balance - Yale Economics
... 1990–1994, and 1997–2000.1 Many of the equations and details have changed during the different generations, but the basic modeling philosophy remains unchanged: to incorporate the latest economic and scientific knowledge and to capture the major elements of the economics of climate change in as simpl ...
... 1990–1994, and 1997–2000.1 Many of the equations and details have changed during the different generations, but the basic modeling philosophy remains unchanged: to incorporate the latest economic and scientific knowledge and to capture the major elements of the economics of climate change in as simpl ...
Conserving biodiversity and combating desertification: Achieving
... the determinants of the two problems better suited to the present situation and knowledge status? `Are there shared determinants of biodiversity decline and desertification in the Northern Mediterranean? ...
... the determinants of the two problems better suited to the present situation and knowledge status? `Are there shared determinants of biodiversity decline and desertification in the Northern Mediterranean? ...
View plan for Ohikilolo (Makua) Management Unit
... This tree is widespread, but not very common. It is a target in WCAs. Grasses are a high priority target for control in WCAs, particularly (but not only) around native forest. This shrubby tree grows quickly, thrives in dry, steep habitats, and produces wind-dispersed seed. It should be controlled w ...
... This tree is widespread, but not very common. It is a target in WCAs. Grasses are a high priority target for control in WCAs, particularly (but not only) around native forest. This shrubby tree grows quickly, thrives in dry, steep habitats, and produces wind-dispersed seed. It should be controlled w ...
For submission to Global Change Biology
... acclimation, can increase GPP and that this can explain woody thickening. We examine mechanisms underlying the response of GPP and highlight the importance of changes in soil water content by applying a detailed soil-plant-atmosphere model. Through this model we show that CO2 enrichment with decreas ...
... acclimation, can increase GPP and that this can explain woody thickening. We examine mechanisms underlying the response of GPP and highlight the importance of changes in soil water content by applying a detailed soil-plant-atmosphere model. Through this model we show that CO2 enrichment with decreas ...
Universal scaling in tree and vascular plant allometry
... tensively applied by zoologists, it has received but scant attention at the hands of botanists. Physiological interchange in plants is conducted through limiting surfaces, both external and internal... such interchange will be proportional to the area of surface involved...” Barton-Wright's quote st ...
... tensively applied by zoologists, it has received but scant attention at the hands of botanists. Physiological interchange in plants is conducted through limiting surfaces, both external and internal... such interchange will be proportional to the area of surface involved...” Barton-Wright's quote st ...
Introduction
... classes [10]；in the subtropical humid monsoon zone of dolomite Karst in Shibing, the plant flora has the characteristics of both temperate, tropical and subtropical flora, and there are 1352 kinds of higher plants; Fauna are mainly characterized by terrestrial vertebrates with a total number of 298 ...
... classes [10]；in the subtropical humid monsoon zone of dolomite Karst in Shibing, the plant flora has the characteristics of both temperate, tropical and subtropical flora, and there are 1352 kinds of higher plants; Fauna are mainly characterized by terrestrial vertebrates with a total number of 298 ...
Wildlife Species Descriptions - University of Arkansas Division of
... in various wetlands that have permanent water with a variety of shrubs and trees adjacent to the water. Beavers build dams from tree branches, shrubs, and mud to form ponds that stabilize water levels, slow water movement, and provide shelter beneath the ice in winter. Beavers also build lodges from ...
... in various wetlands that have permanent water with a variety of shrubs and trees adjacent to the water. Beavers build dams from tree branches, shrubs, and mud to form ponds that stabilize water levels, slow water movement, and provide shelter beneath the ice in winter. Beavers also build lodges from ...
Download #115 Rare plants within managed units of 'Ola'a forest
... Service 1985), the forest has been a focus of many recent research projects, particularly 'bhi'a (Metrosideros polymorpha) dieback studies carried out by University of Hawai'i ecologists and botanists (Mueller-Dombois 1977; Jacobi 1983a; Jacobi et al. 1983; Burton 1980). 'Ola'a Forest was recognized ...
... Service 1985), the forest has been a focus of many recent research projects, particularly 'bhi'a (Metrosideros polymorpha) dieback studies carried out by University of Hawai'i ecologists and botanists (Mueller-Dombois 1977; Jacobi 1983a; Jacobi et al. 1983; Burton 1980). 'Ola'a Forest was recognized ...
Plant Responses to Multiple Environmental Factors
... growth and maintenance of absorbing organs (generally roots) and the transport of minerals against a concentration gradient. For a wide variety of plants, roots account for 5080% of annual dry matter production. The cost of producing a unit of root biomass is similar to that for other plant tissues ...
... growth and maintenance of absorbing organs (generally roots) and the transport of minerals against a concentration gradient. For a wide variety of plants, roots account for 5080% of annual dry matter production. The cost of producing a unit of root biomass is similar to that for other plant tissues ...
Managing Grasslands, Shrublands and Young Forests for Wildlife
... known. Land that was cleared for agriculture was soon abandoned with the opening of the Erie Canal, the California Gold Rush, the Civil War, and the rise of industrial cities. Such clearing put a cultural premium on forests; they were rare compared to the open countryside, even though it was already ...
... known. Land that was cleared for agriculture was soon abandoned with the opening of the Erie Canal, the California Gold Rush, the Civil War, and the rise of industrial cities. Such clearing put a cultural premium on forests; they were rare compared to the open countryside, even though it was already ...
Managing Grasslands - New Hampshire Fish and Game Department
... known. Land that was cleared for agriculture was soon abandoned with the opening of the Erie Canal, the California Gold Rush, the Civil War, and the rise of industrial cities. Such clearing put a cultural premium on forests; they were rare compared to the open countryside, even though it was already ...
... known. Land that was cleared for agriculture was soon abandoned with the opening of the Erie Canal, the California Gold Rush, the Civil War, and the rise of industrial cities. Such clearing put a cultural premium on forests; they were rare compared to the open countryside, even though it was already ...
Management ofremnant lowland grasslands and grassy woodlands
... most intensively. Grazing pressure in these areas is usually considerably higher than in the site as a whole. Pugging of the moist soil causes further damage. Nevertheless, Themeda grasslands in particular require periodic disturbance of the vegetation (not the soil) to prevent the vigorous Kangaroo ...
... most intensively. Grazing pressure in these areas is usually considerably higher than in the site as a whole. Pugging of the moist soil causes further damage. Nevertheless, Themeda grasslands in particular require periodic disturbance of the vegetation (not the soil) to prevent the vigorous Kangaroo ...
Full-Text PDF
... and greenness that can be used to assess climatic responses are vegetation indices data derived from satellite-collected data [9,10], such as the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI). Since the 1980s, remote-sensing NDVI has been widely used in order to monitor and evaluate vegetation green ...
... and greenness that can be used to assess climatic responses are vegetation indices data derived from satellite-collected data [9,10], such as the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI). Since the 1980s, remote-sensing NDVI has been widely used in order to monitor and evaluate vegetation green ...
Reforestation
Reforestation is the natural or intentional restocking of existing forests and woodlands that have been depleted, usually through deforestation.Reforestation can be used to improve the quality of human life by soaking up pollution and dust from the air, rebuild natural habitats and ecosystems, mitigate global warming since forests facilitate biosequestration of atmospheric carbon dioxide, and harvest for resources, particularly timber.The term reforestation is similar to afforestation, the process of restoring and recreating areas of woodlands or forests that may have existed long ago but were deforested or otherwise removed at some point in the past. Sometimes the term re-afforestation is used to distinguish between the original forest cover and the later re-growth of forest to an area. Special tools, e.g. tree planting bar, are used to make planting of trees easier and faster.