Politics - Wave 2 - TGFL - NDI
... presidency. Eric Alterman, in a column that drew wide notice, wrote in The Nation that most liberals think the president is a “big disappointment.” House Democrats are in near-insurrection after White House press secretary Robert Gibbs stated the obvious — that the party has a chance of losing the H ...
... presidency. Eric Alterman, in a column that drew wide notice, wrote in The Nation that most liberals think the president is a “big disappointment.” House Democrats are in near-insurrection after White House press secretary Robert Gibbs stated the obvious — that the party has a chance of losing the H ...
... of climate change. Climate variables such as temperature, precipitation, and soil moisture are represented as area-averaged values over model grid ceills that are typically several hundred kilometers on a side. However, because of high spatial variability, we:atherand climate information is most use ...
Zimbabwe`s Intended Nationally Determined Contribution
... priority, demanding policy direction at the highest level. At the same time, the agricultural sector also provides opportunities for climate change mitigation through initiatives such as Climate Smart Agriculture (CSA) and sustainable agro-forest-based adaptation and management practices. The sector ...
... priority, demanding policy direction at the highest level. At the same time, the agricultural sector also provides opportunities for climate change mitigation through initiatives such as Climate Smart Agriculture (CSA) and sustainable agro-forest-based adaptation and management practices. The sector ...
Priority Research Questions for the Environment Agency and other
... Assessing effects of climate change on forest-soil-water interactions (Long-term monitoring studies at Coalburn, N England, Halladale, N Scotland, 12 catchments in upland Wales and 5 Level II intensive forest monitoring sites) Assessing role of shade and riparian woodland management in controlling t ...
... Assessing effects of climate change on forest-soil-water interactions (Long-term monitoring studies at Coalburn, N England, Halladale, N Scotland, 12 catchments in upland Wales and 5 Level II intensive forest monitoring sites) Assessing role of shade and riparian woodland management in controlling t ...
Reviews of Books
... caused—the Little Ice Age. Such massive death rates, he writes, would have caused a “significant carbon drawdown” (441), dropping global temperatures, and in fact, climate data shows that global CO2 levels decreased sharply between 1550 and 1650, “exactly when the New World death tolls ...
... caused—the Little Ice Age. Such massive death rates, he writes, would have caused a “significant carbon drawdown” (441), dropping global temperatures, and in fact, climate data shows that global CO2 levels decreased sharply between 1550 and 1650, “exactly when the New World death tolls ...
the physical basis for earth`s climate system
... Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc., 91 (6), S1-S224] 5. Figure 2 shows that 1980-89 was the warmest decade on record to that time. The 1990-99 decade was even warmer, and 2000-09 was warmest of all. This indicates that, during these three decades, Earth’s climate system [(did)(did not)] exhibit a steady state ...
... Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc., 91 (6), S1-S224] 5. Figure 2 shows that 1980-89 was the warmest decade on record to that time. The 1990-99 decade was even warmer, and 2000-09 was warmest of all. This indicates that, during these three decades, Earth’s climate system [(did)(did not)] exhibit a steady state ...
Air, the Atmosphere and Greenhouse Gases - SEE
... Fossil fuels are fuels formed by plants which have been buried and have decayed. The age of the organisms and their resulting fossil fuels is typically millions of years and sometimes exceeds 650 million years (Wikipedia). Fossil fuels (coal, oil and gas) can be burned to produce energy. This proces ...
... Fossil fuels are fuels formed by plants which have been buried and have decayed. The age of the organisms and their resulting fossil fuels is typically millions of years and sometimes exceeds 650 million years (Wikipedia). Fossil fuels (coal, oil and gas) can be burned to produce energy. This proces ...
Climate Change 2007
... The global atmospheric concentration of methane has increased from a pre-industrial value of about 715 ppb to 1732 ppb in the early 1990s, and is 1774 ppb in 2005. The atmospheric concentration of methane in 2005 exceeds by far the natural range of the last 650,000 years (320 to 790 ppb) as determin ...
... The global atmospheric concentration of methane has increased from a pre-industrial value of about 715 ppb to 1732 ppb in the early 1990s, and is 1774 ppb in 2005. The atmospheric concentration of methane in 2005 exceeds by far the natural range of the last 650,000 years (320 to 790 ppb) as determin ...
publication - Stockholm Resilience Centre
... adopted EU-based target (see above, 3) is expected to lead to a total reduction of 14-17% in 2020. This is below the standard “deemed necessary by climate science and in international climate policy”. The Court concluded that the dispute revolved around the question of whether or not the State is fa ...
... adopted EU-based target (see above, 3) is expected to lead to a total reduction of 14-17% in 2020. This is below the standard “deemed necessary by climate science and in international climate policy”. The Court concluded that the dispute revolved around the question of whether or not the State is fa ...
OVERVIEW OF CLIMATE SCIENCE
... • Typical of tectonic scales of climate change – Climate changes in response to movement of landmasses • 1 degree of latitude per million years (100 km/million years) • Slow changes in solar heating • Average temperature over the continent keeps pace with average changes in solar radiation because o ...
... • Typical of tectonic scales of climate change – Climate changes in response to movement of landmasses • 1 degree of latitude per million years (100 km/million years) • Slow changes in solar heating • Average temperature over the continent keeps pace with average changes in solar radiation because o ...
Introduction. Climate change and urban areas: research dialogue in
... world’s energy use; as human development (as measured by the UN index) energy use will increase faster than the increase in population. By 2030, it is predicted that over 60% of the world’s population will live in cities with this percentage continuing to rise to the end of the century. Urban areas ...
... world’s energy use; as human development (as measured by the UN index) energy use will increase faster than the increase in population. By 2030, it is predicted that over 60% of the world’s population will live in cities with this percentage continuing to rise to the end of the century. Urban areas ...
Presentation
... has been affected by the impacts of climate change. Weather events threaten the country’s food security. This year, the El Niño weather event is of very high intensity. We understand that it will affect a large proportion of people around the world from Bolivia to Southern and Eastern Africa. This p ...
... has been affected by the impacts of climate change. Weather events threaten the country’s food security. This year, the El Niño weather event is of very high intensity. We understand that it will affect a large proportion of people around the world from Bolivia to Southern and Eastern Africa. This p ...
Slide 1
... On average 40% lower with NO WIND than the daily to average calculation impact stated by xoserve suggesting incorrect increments have as large an impact to understating wind in averages Average calculation fits at shoulder months to observed (true for 2005 to date) Suggests that the EP2 limitati ...
... On average 40% lower with NO WIND than the daily to average calculation impact stated by xoserve suggesting incorrect increments have as large an impact to understating wind in averages Average calculation fits at shoulder months to observed (true for 2005 to date) Suggests that the EP2 limitati ...
In the name of God
... Winter –include –mainly –average –region –mild –patters –change – condition Climate is the average of a …….45……’s weather over a period of time. For example ,it is possible that a……46. ……..day in a city could be sunny and ……47……….but the …….48……..weather tells us that its winters will ……..49………….be ...
... Winter –include –mainly –average –region –mild –patters –change – condition Climate is the average of a …….45……’s weather over a period of time. For example ,it is possible that a……46. ……..day in a city could be sunny and ……47……….but the …….48……..weather tells us that its winters will ……..49………….be ...
opening statement
... Our best current estimates of cloud feedback on global warming are that it will be a moderate positive feedback, but with significant uncertainty. The reality might be a negative feedback, but it could just as well be a stronger positive feedback. The uncertainty works in both directions. As the sat ...
... Our best current estimates of cloud feedback on global warming are that it will be a moderate positive feedback, but with significant uncertainty. The reality might be a negative feedback, but it could just as well be a stronger positive feedback. The uncertainty works in both directions. As the sat ...
The 2003 heat wave as an example of summers in a greenhouse
... exceptional temperatures recorded in many parts of Europe, but August saw the greatest northward extension and longest persistence of record-high temperatures. The anomalies of the 850-hPa geopotential are illustrated in the right-hand set of graphs in Fig. 1 and serve to highlight the upward deform ...
... exceptional temperatures recorded in many parts of Europe, but August saw the greatest northward extension and longest persistence of record-high temperatures. The anomalies of the 850-hPa geopotential are illustrated in the right-hand set of graphs in Fig. 1 and serve to highlight the upward deform ...
Challenges for management of freshwater ecosystems
... concentrations of organohalogens by favouring their desorption from land. Changes in precipitation will modify the rates at which organohalogens are incorporated into terrestrial waters and ecosystems. At higher atmospheric concentrations, these compounds will have greater direct impact on the human ...
... concentrations of organohalogens by favouring their desorption from land. Changes in precipitation will modify the rates at which organohalogens are incorporated into terrestrial waters and ecosystems. At higher atmospheric concentrations, these compounds will have greater direct impact on the human ...
Preserving the World Second Largest Hypersaline Lake Under
... ABSTRACT: Iran Urmia Lake, the world second largest hypersaline lake, has been largely desiccated over the last two decades resulting in socio-environmental consequences similar or even larger than the Aral Sea disaster. To rescue the lake a new water management plan has been proposed, a rapid 40% d ...
... ABSTRACT: Iran Urmia Lake, the world second largest hypersaline lake, has been largely desiccated over the last two decades resulting in socio-environmental consequences similar or even larger than the Aral Sea disaster. To rescue the lake a new water management plan has been proposed, a rapid 40% d ...
Effects of global climate change on freshwater biota: A review with
... and aerosol concentrations, our climate is also subject to forcing from anthropic pressures, such as the emission of greenhouse gases and the alteration of land cover (Mann et al. 1998). It is demonstrated that mean global temperatures have risen during the last century by about 0.7°C (IPCC 2007; Ma ...
... and aerosol concentrations, our climate is also subject to forcing from anthropic pressures, such as the emission of greenhouse gases and the alteration of land cover (Mann et al. 1998). It is demonstrated that mean global temperatures have risen during the last century by about 0.7°C (IPCC 2007; Ma ...
Supplementary Materials
... 1. Past Climate Change and Biological Response The diversity of climates encountered on Madagascar as well as the astonishing climate variability in the past have contributed significantly to the patterns of endemism seen today in Madagascar’s plants and animals. Climate changes which occurred durin ...
... 1. Past Climate Change and Biological Response The diversity of climates encountered on Madagascar as well as the astonishing climate variability in the past have contributed significantly to the patterns of endemism seen today in Madagascar’s plants and animals. Climate changes which occurred durin ...
Ecosystems and climate interactions in the boreal zone of northern
... 3.1. Example 1. The paludification process in the European taiga The issue of paludification in forests within the boreal zone beyond the permafrost zone has been widely discussed in the scientific literature (Crawford et al 2003, Lavoie et al 2005). During the last 10–15 years in northwestern Europ ...
... 3.1. Example 1. The paludification process in the European taiga The issue of paludification in forests within the boreal zone beyond the permafrost zone has been widely discussed in the scientific literature (Crawford et al 2003, Lavoie et al 2005). During the last 10–15 years in northwestern Europ ...
Climate change in the United States
Because of global warming, there has been concern in the United States and internationally, that the country should reduce total greenhouse gas which is relatively high per capita.In 2012, the United States experienced its warmest year on record. As of 2012, the thirteen warmest years for the entire planet have all occurred since 1998, transcending those from 1880.From 1950 to 2009, the American government's surface temperature record shows an increase by 1 °F (0.56 °C), approximately. Global warming has caused many changes in the U.S. According to a 2009 statement by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), trends include lake and river ice melting earlier in the spring, plants blooming earlier, multiple animal species shifting their habitat ranges northward, and reductions in the size of glaciers.Predicting future climate changes are fraught with difficultly. Some research has warned against possible problems due to American climate changes such as the spread of invasive species and possibilities of floods as well as droughts. Changes in climate in the regions of the United States appear significant. Drought conditions appear to be worsening in the southwest while improving in the northeast for example.President Barack Obama committed in the December 2009 Copenhagen Climate Change Summit to reduce carbon dioxide emissions in the range of 17% below 2005 levels by 2020, 42% below 2005 levels by 2030, and 83% below 2005 levels by 2050. In an address towards the U.S. Congress in June 2013, Obama detailed a specific action plan to achieve the 17% carbon emissions cut from 2005 by 2020. He included such measures as shifting from coal-based power generation to solar and natural gas production.