Climate Change and Water Quality in the Great Lakes Basin
... greenhouse gases. Both mitigation and adaptation actions are required as a balanced response to climate change. Mitigation measures are geared to reduce emissions and increase sinks of greenhouse gases, while adaptation actions seek to increase resilience by reducing risks and taking advantage of op ...
... greenhouse gases. Both mitigation and adaptation actions are required as a balanced response to climate change. Mitigation measures are geared to reduce emissions and increase sinks of greenhouse gases, while adaptation actions seek to increase resilience by reducing risks and taking advantage of op ...
PDF
... Ker and Goodwin (2000) argued though the traditional parametric yield probability distribution models (such as gamma, beta and HIS distributions) can accommodate yield distribution skewness observed in historical data, it doesnt mean they are the best approximations for yield distribution. Therefore ...
... Ker and Goodwin (2000) argued though the traditional parametric yield probability distribution models (such as gamma, beta and HIS distributions) can accommodate yield distribution skewness observed in historical data, it doesnt mean they are the best approximations for yield distribution. Therefore ...
Climate Change in Colorado: A Synthesis to Support Water Resources Management and Adaptation.
... Fig. ES-1. Colorado statewide annually-averaged temperature (°F), 1900–2012. Annual departures are shown relative to a 1971–2000 reference period. The light-orange, orange, and red lines are the 100-year, 50-year, and 30-year trends, respectively. All three warming trends are statistically significa ...
... Fig. ES-1. Colorado statewide annually-averaged temperature (°F), 1900–2012. Annual departures are shown relative to a 1971–2000 reference period. The light-orange, orange, and red lines are the 100-year, 50-year, and 30-year trends, respectively. All three warming trends are statistically significa ...
Trends in Economic and Insured Losses from Weather-Related Events: a new analysis
... weather-related hazards. The scarcity of robust and reliable longterm observational records, particularly at local level, limits the level of confidence in the detection and attribution of trends. Globallyconsistent satellite observations have only been available since the 1980s, and 30 years is a s ...
... weather-related hazards. The scarcity of robust and reliable longterm observational records, particularly at local level, limits the level of confidence in the detection and attribution of trends. Globallyconsistent satellite observations have only been available since the 1980s, and 30 years is a s ...
Do Not Cite, Quote, or Distribute IPCC WGII AR5 Chapter 7
... change is not put in context of other drivers clearly. Technological development, markets and policy also play a large role in both food supply and demand. It would be good to say more about the relative impact of climate change compared to other drivers. Effects may be negative, but still relativel ...
... change is not put in context of other drivers clearly. Technological development, markets and policy also play a large role in both food supply and demand. It would be good to say more about the relative impact of climate change compared to other drivers. Effects may be negative, but still relativel ...
Resilience to natural hazards: How useful is this concept?
... literature on megacities, coastal hazards, hazard risk reduction strategies, and resilience within environmental management. Some analysts define resilience as a system attribute, whilst others use it as an umbrella concept for a range of system attributes deemed desirable. These umbrella concepts ha ...
... literature on megacities, coastal hazards, hazard risk reduction strategies, and resilience within environmental management. Some analysts define resilience as a system attribute, whilst others use it as an umbrella concept for a range of system attributes deemed desirable. These umbrella concepts ha ...
Climate Action Plan - The Ann Arbor Climate Partnership
... categories proposed in the Plan. If fully implemented, assuming no large increase in incremental consumption over 15 years, community emissions would be gradually reduced to 28 percent of 2000 levels by 2025. Some actions will have an immediate impact when implemented, while others will take a decad ...
... categories proposed in the Plan. If fully implemented, assuming no large increase in incremental consumption over 15 years, community emissions would be gradually reduced to 28 percent of 2000 levels by 2025. Some actions will have an immediate impact when implemented, while others will take a decad ...
DownloadTéléchargez - Canadian Institute of Planners
... Facilitating improved transportation networks with options that both reduce urban traffic congestion and support greener modes of transportation (public transportation, van and bus transportation, cycling, walking, etc.); ...
... Facilitating improved transportation networks with options that both reduce urban traffic congestion and support greener modes of transportation (public transportation, van and bus transportation, cycling, walking, etc.); ...
Climate Change: An Australian Guide to the Science and Potential
... This guide sets out the main facts and uncertainties regarding climate change, and helps provide Australians with policy-relevant, but not policy-prescriptive, advice and source material. It is largely based on, and consistent with, the Third Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Clima ...
... This guide sets out the main facts and uncertainties regarding climate change, and helps provide Australians with policy-relevant, but not policy-prescriptive, advice and source material. It is largely based on, and consistent with, the Third Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Clima ...
Working Paper 235 - Watkiss and Cimato (opens in new window)
... decision making under uncertainty. The analysis has first considered the mainstreaming of adaptation, recognising the recent emphasis on integrating (mainstreaming) adaptation into current policy and development, rather than implementing measures as a stand-alone activity. This requires the integrat ...
... decision making under uncertainty. The analysis has first considered the mainstreaming of adaptation, recognising the recent emphasis on integrating (mainstreaming) adaptation into current policy and development, rather than implementing measures as a stand-alone activity. This requires the integrat ...
impacts on forests from Climate Change
... The statements below thus represent our assessment of potential ecosystem responses and vulnerabilities to a range of future climatic changes as presented in Chapters 3 and 4. Though the trends are already established for many of these responses and vulnerabilities, the climate scenarios evaluated a ...
... The statements below thus represent our assessment of potential ecosystem responses and vulnerabilities to a range of future climatic changes as presented in Chapters 3 and 4. Though the trends are already established for many of these responses and vulnerabilities, the climate scenarios evaluated a ...
engineering challenges for coastal infrastructure/docks with regard
... data available for the past century can be used to predict possible expected changes, but uncertainties relating to climate change are inevitable. Engineers are able to provide solutions with growing technologies, but future projects must expect additional capital cost. (ACIA, 2005) Climate changes ...
... data available for the past century can be used to predict possible expected changes, but uncertainties relating to climate change are inevitable. Engineers are able to provide solutions with growing technologies, but future projects must expect additional capital cost. (ACIA, 2005) Climate changes ...
Kerala State Action Plan on Climate Change
... The climate of Kerala is tropical monsoon with seasonally excessive rainfall and hot summer2. The Western Ghats plays a major role in the climatic conditions that prevail all along the state. The year may be divided into four seasons. The period of March to the end of May is the hot season which is ...
... The climate of Kerala is tropical monsoon with seasonally excessive rainfall and hot summer2. The Western Ghats plays a major role in the climatic conditions that prevail all along the state. The year may be divided into four seasons. The period of March to the end of May is the hot season which is ...
Chapter 7: Human Health
... Many adaptation activities are being taken from local to national levels to help Canadians prepare for the health impacts of climate change. Adaptation planning should consider the important differences in factors responsible for health vulnerability among urban, rural, coastal and northern communit ...
... Many adaptation activities are being taken from local to national levels to help Canadians prepare for the health impacts of climate change. Adaptation planning should consider the important differences in factors responsible for health vulnerability among urban, rural, coastal and northern communit ...
a free PDF - E-International Relations
... On the 12th November 2015, a group of fifty students from schools across Bristol, UK, sat down to take part in a semi-structured negotiation exercise with one aim: to piece together a positive global regime to mitigate and adapt to the shifting spectre of climate change.1 It was a small event but ha ...
... On the 12th November 2015, a group of fifty students from schools across Bristol, UK, sat down to take part in a semi-structured negotiation exercise with one aim: to piece together a positive global regime to mitigate and adapt to the shifting spectre of climate change.1 It was a small event but ha ...
Geoengineering the climate: science, governance
... mechanisms, but there is a serious risk that sufficient mitigation actions will not be introduced in time, despite the fact that the technologies required are both available and affordable. It is likely that global warming will exceed 2°C this century unless global greenhouse gas emissions are cut b ...
... mechanisms, but there is a serious risk that sufficient mitigation actions will not be introduced in time, despite the fact that the technologies required are both available and affordable. It is likely that global warming will exceed 2°C this century unless global greenhouse gas emissions are cut b ...
America's Climate Choices: Panel on Limiting the Research Council
... capacity, improve resiliency, and promote successful adaptation to climate change in different regions, sectors, systems, and populations. The panel’s report draws on a wide range of sources and case studies to identify lessons learned from past experiences, promising current approaches, and potenti ...
... capacity, improve resiliency, and promote successful adaptation to climate change in different regions, sectors, systems, and populations. The panel’s report draws on a wide range of sources and case studies to identify lessons learned from past experiences, promising current approaches, and potenti ...
Do values subjectively define the limits to climate change adaptation?
... Values can be defined in many ways: the term has been used to refer to a wide variety of concepts, including interests, pleasures, likes, preferences, moral obligations, desires, wants, goals, needs, aversions and attractions (Williams, 1979). Values are generally considered to be core conceptions o ...
... Values can be defined in many ways: the term has been used to refer to a wide variety of concepts, including interests, pleasures, likes, preferences, moral obligations, desires, wants, goals, needs, aversions and attractions (Williams, 1979). Values are generally considered to be core conceptions o ...
Crop response to elevated CO2 and world food supply A
... more recent analyses – were by comparison quite high: the value reported for wheat, 31%, corresponded to the enhancement factor reported by Amthor (2001) at 700 ppm compared to 350 ppm CO2 , not at 550 ppm compared to “ambient.” The enhancement factor reported for soybean, 32%, was even higher than ...
... more recent analyses – were by comparison quite high: the value reported for wheat, 31%, corresponded to the enhancement factor reported by Amthor (2001) at 700 ppm compared to 350 ppm CO2 , not at 550 ppm compared to “ambient.” The enhancement factor reported for soybean, 32%, was even higher than ...
Climate change, crop yields, and internal migration in the United
... has increased an average of about 5 percent (Karl, Melillo & Peterson 2009). Humaninduced emissions of heat-trapping gases have been largely responsible for such changes on a worldwide basis, and will lead to additional warming in the future (Solomon et al. 2007). By the end of the century, the aver ...
... has increased an average of about 5 percent (Karl, Melillo & Peterson 2009). Humaninduced emissions of heat-trapping gases have been largely responsible for such changes on a worldwide basis, and will lead to additional warming in the future (Solomon et al. 2007). By the end of the century, the aver ...
Report on the Activities of the Working Group on Climate
... indices is difficult as the data is less readily available. We have also put an emphasis on delivering a range of other indices to IPCC. Towards that end, our activities started with a workshop in Bracknell in 1998. This workshop particularly sought to identify and refine appropriate climate change ...
... indices is difficult as the data is less readily available. We have also put an emphasis on delivering a range of other indices to IPCC. Towards that end, our activities started with a workshop in Bracknell in 1998. This workshop particularly sought to identify and refine appropriate climate change ...
Ranking Port Cities with High Exposure and Vulnerability to Climate
... It must be emphasised that exposure does not necessarily translate into impact. The linkage between exposure and the residual risk of impact depends upon flood (and wind) protection measures. In general, cities in richer countries have higher protection levels than those in the developing world. Exp ...
... It must be emphasised that exposure does not necessarily translate into impact. The linkage between exposure and the residual risk of impact depends upon flood (and wind) protection measures. In general, cities in richer countries have higher protection levels than those in the developing world. Exp ...
Abstract - Surrey Research Insight Open Access
... global temperature has been observed during the 20th century and it is expected to continue to ...
... global temperature has been observed during the 20th century and it is expected to continue to ...
Report on the Activities of the Working Group on Climate Change
... indices is difficult as the data is less readily available. We have also put an emphasis on delivering a range of other indices to IPCC. Towards that end, our activities started with a workshop in Bracknell in 1998. This workshop particularly sought to identify and refine appropriate climate change ...
... indices is difficult as the data is less readily available. We have also put an emphasis on delivering a range of other indices to IPCC. Towards that end, our activities started with a workshop in Bracknell in 1998. This workshop particularly sought to identify and refine appropriate climate change ...
Climate change in the United States
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Because of global warming, there has been concern in the United States and internationally, that the country should reduce total greenhouse gas which is relatively high per capita.In 2012, the United States experienced its warmest year on record. As of 2012, the thirteen warmest years for the entire planet have all occurred since 1998, transcending those from 1880.From 1950 to 2009, the American government's surface temperature record shows an increase by 1 °F (0.56 °C), approximately. Global warming has caused many changes in the U.S. According to a 2009 statement by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), trends include lake and river ice melting earlier in the spring, plants blooming earlier, multiple animal species shifting their habitat ranges northward, and reductions in the size of glaciers.Predicting future climate changes are fraught with difficultly. Some research has warned against possible problems due to American climate changes such as the spread of invasive species and possibilities of floods as well as droughts. Changes in climate in the regions of the United States appear significant. Drought conditions appear to be worsening in the southwest while improving in the northeast for example.President Barack Obama committed in the December 2009 Copenhagen Climate Change Summit to reduce carbon dioxide emissions in the range of 17% below 2005 levels by 2020, 42% below 2005 levels by 2030, and 83% below 2005 levels by 2050. In an address towards the U.S. Congress in June 2013, Obama detailed a specific action plan to achieve the 17% carbon emissions cut from 2005 by 2020. He included such measures as shifting from coal-based power generation to solar and natural gas production.