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... SELECTION OF THE APPROPRIATE MEASURE
The choice depends upon the nature of the data
• If the data are symmetrically distributed, any one of these
measures can be used
• For skewed distributions, the AM is not suitable
( + vely skewed: AM gives a higher value
– vely skewed: AM gives a lower value)
• ...
The UNIVARIATE Procedure
... Example 2: Rounding an Analysis Variable and Identifying Extreme Values 1421
Example 3: Computing Robust Estimators 1424
Example 4: Performing a Sign Test Using Paired Data 1428
Example 5: Examining the Data Distribution and Saving Percentiles 1432
Example 6: Creating an Output Data Set with Multipl ...
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... In addition, beneath the menus and dialog boxes, SPSS uses a command language.
Some extended features of the system can be accessed only via command syntax.
(Those features are not available in the Student Version.) Complete command
syntax is documented in the SPSS 12.0 Command Syntax Reference, pro ...
Basic Analysis and Graphing
... The correct bibliographic citation for this manual is as follows: SAS Institute Inc. 2009. JMP® 9 Basic
Analysis and Graphing. Cary, NC: SAS Institute Inc.
JMP® 9 Basic Analysis and Graphing,
Copyright © 2010, SAS Institute Inc., Cary, NC, USA
ISBN 978-1-60764-596-2
All rights reserved. Produced in ...
Basic Analysis
... iODBC software ‐ Copyright © 1995‐2006, OpenLink Software Inc and Ke Jin
(www.iodbc.org). All rights reserved.
Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without modification, are
permitted provided that the following conditions are met:
– Redistributions of source code must retain ...
Basic Analysis
... iODBC software - Copyright © 1995-2006, OpenLink Software Inc and Ke Jin
(www.iodbc.org). All rights reserved.
Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without modification, are
permitted provided that the following conditions are met:
‒ Redistributions of source code must retain t ...
APPENDIX 1 FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT FLOWS TO AFRICA A.1
... risk).
INSTt = an index of institutional quality, defined as
the product of ICRG’s “rule of law” and “corruption
in government” indices and POLt is a index of policy
instability, defined as the standard deviation of
GSIZE over the past 4 year, including the current
...
Homework Activities
... a. Population: all adult Americans (record company interest)
Sample: those listening to the radio who called in
b. No, 56% is probably not an accurate reflection of the opinions of all adult
Americans on this issue. People who chose to call in (who took the time and
were willing to spend the money) ...
homework4_2010_key
... NB: Please write out your answers in complete sentences; be sure it is easy to see what questions you are
answering. When you are including a statistical test, describe the test results in words. Don't just say
whether the result is significant or not. Also, include the test statistic (e.g., t-stati ...
MINITAB Manual For Introduction To The Practice of Statistics
... needed for certain problems. The material on session commands is always at
the end of each section and can be skipped if the reader will deÞnitely not be
using them. We have provided some Exercises for each chapter.
Minitab is a statistical software package that was designed especially for the
teach ...
mcq measures of central tendency with correct
... When all the values in a series occur the equal number of times, then it is not possible to calculate the:
(a) Arithmetic mean
(b) Geometric mean
(c) Harmonic mean
(d) Weighted mean
MCQ No 3.35
The mean for a set of data obtained by assigning each data value a weight that reflects its relative
impor ...
Statistics in Plain English, Third Edition
... write up your own results for publication, or when you are reading the published work of others.
The third edition also comes with a companion website at http://www.psypress.com/statisticsin-plain-english/ that has Powerpoint summaries for each chapter, a set of interactive work
problems for most of ...
2829 - Emerson Statistics
... Results: 4915 subjects were included in this analysis. The sample mean fibrinogen level in those
with a prior history of disease was 334.5 mg/dL and the sample standard deviation was 74.06
mg/dL. The sample mean fibrinogen level in those without a prior history of CVD was 319.6
mg/dL and the sample ...
Activity 6-2: Computing the Test Statistic
... In order to get a feel for how likely it is that we could see such a difference due to chance
we will simulate, using SPSS, a pair of populations where the total number of people who
wanted the divorce more than their spouse is 119, and the total number who did not want
the divorce more than their ...
Guide to Using - Palisade Corporation
... directory on your PC and it instantly shows up on the StatTools
menu. Run it and you'll see all the standard StatTools data
management tools, combined with the new statistical analysis you
...
Continuous Data
... failure time below 273.5; the other 10% have failure time above 273.5 hr.”
Actually, the percent of data values below 273.5 is more precisely 89.3%. This discrepancy
occurs because there no way to get exactly 90% of the data below any value in a list of 28
values: 90% of 28 is 25.2.
These functions ...
Asking Questions in Biology: A Guide to Hypothesis Testing
... Science is a process of asking questions, in most cases precise, quantitative questions that allow distinctions to be drawn between alternative explanations
of events. Asking the right questions in the right way is a fundamental skill in
scientific enquiry, yet in itself it receives surprisingly lit ...
Introductory Guide
... For a hard-copy book: No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system,
or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, or otherwise,
without the prior written permission of the publisher, SAS Institute Inc.
For a Web download or e-book: ...
Introductory Guide
... The correct bibliographic citation for this manual is as follows: SAS Institute Inc. 2009. JMP® 8
Introductory Guide, Second Edition. Cary, NC: SAS Institute Inc.
JMP® 8 Introductory Guide, Second Edition
Copyright © 2009, SAS Institute Inc., Cary, NC, USA
ISBN 978-1-60764-299-2
All rights reserved ...
Word
... part of the variable can be letters or digits. A name can’t end with a period, contain
blanks or special characters, or be longer than 64 characters.
Assigning Descriptive Labels
Variable Labels: Assign descriptive text to a variable by clicking the cell and
then entering the label. For instance f ...
QUANTITATIVE TECHNIQUES FOR BUSINESS DECISIONS
... maker. It is purely subjective
Facts –It follows the rule that decision should be based on facts, and not on feelings.
Experiences – Experience is the most valuable asset, if used logically. Decisions should be
based on precedence.
Opinion – in decision making, expert opinions can be relied on. In f ...
Guide to using Minitab and Excel
... Try clicking in the box where you want to
use the column first. If that doesn't work,
it could be that Minitab is expecting a
numeric data column and the column
you're trying to use contains text data.
Text data columns are indicated with a T
suffix in the column heading, e.g. C3-T.
...
The TTEST Procedure
... Getting Started: TTEST Procedure
One-Sample t Test
A one-sample t test can be used to compare a sample mean to a given value. This example, taken from
Huntsberger and Billingsley (1989, p. 290), tests whether the mean length of a certain type of court case is
more than 80 days by using 20 randomly c ...
Categorical variable
In statistics, a categorical variable is a variable that can take on one of a limited, and usually fixed, number of possible values, thus assigning each individual to a particular group or ""category."" In computer science and some branches of mathematics, categorical variables are referred to as enumerations or enumerated types. Commonly (though not in this article), each of the possible values of a categorical variable is referred to as a level. The probability distribution associated with a random categorical variable is called a categorical distribution.Categorical data is the statistical data type consisting of categorical variables or of data that has been converted into that form, for example as grouped data. More specifically, categorical data may derive from either or both of observations made of qualitative data, where the observations are summarised as counts or cross tabulations, or of quantitative data, where observations might be directly observed counts of events happening or might be counts of values that occur within given intervals. Often, purely categorical data are summarised in the form of a contingency table. However, particularly when considering data analysis, it is common to use the term ""categorical data"" to apply to data sets that, while containing some categorical variables, may also contain non-categorical variables.A categorical variable that can take on exactly two values is termed a binary variable or dichotomous variable; an important special case is the Bernoulli variable. Categorical variables with more than two possible values are called polytomous variables; variables are often assumed to be polytomous unless otherwise specified. Discretization is treating continuous data as if it were categorical. Dichotomization is treating continuous data or polytomous variables as if they were binary variables. Regression analysis often treats category membership as a quantitative dummy variable.