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Effects of Glycemic Load on Metabolic Health and
Effects of Glycemic Load on Metabolic Health and

... GL and fasting triglyceride (TG) levels in a random sample of 280 women who participated in the Nurses’ Health Study (NHS),30 and the direct relation between dietary GL and fasting TG levels appeared to differ significantly by body mass index (BMI) categories, suggesting that differential dietary ef ...
Dietary Approaches: Pritikin - Heart Disease Prevention Program
Dietary Approaches: Pritikin - Heart Disease Prevention Program

... • Diets <15% cal from fat, 15% protein, 70% carbohydrates; shown to be associated with lower CVD rates. • Reducing fat intake from 35-40% to 15-20% reduces total and LDL-C 10-20%, but can increase TG and lower HDLC. Long-term effects after weight stabilization not known. • Effect on nutrient adequac ...
Food and Nutrition PP
Food and Nutrition PP

... Complex Carbohydrates are made up of sugars that are linked together chemically to form long chains, something like beads in a necklace.  Starches are one main source of complex carbohydrates. ...
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Dietary Intervention and Recommendations in the Prevention of

... • Diets <15% cal from fat, 15% protein, 70% carbohydrates; shown to be associated with lower CVD rates. • Reducing fat intake from 35-40% to 15-20% reduces total and LDL-C 10-20%, but can increase TG and lower HDLC. Long-term effects after weight stabilization not known. • Effect on nutrient adequac ...
Fast Facts about High Fructose Corn Syrup
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... a. Safety – The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has approved HFCS as a safe ingredient for use in foods and beverages. The FDA based its decision in part on the substantial similarity between HFCS and table sugar (sucrose). b. Calories – HFCS and table sugar contain the same number of calories – ...
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... Energy balance, overweight, and obesity ● In overweight and obese insulin resistant individuals, modest weight loss has been shown to reduce insulin resistance. Thus, weight loss is recommended for all overweight or obese individuals individuals who have or are at risk for diabetes. (A) ● For weight ...
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... which energy is released from nutrients in the cells. It is affected by a person’s size, body fat, sex, age, activity, and hormones, especially thyroid hormone (thyroxine). Metabolic rate is high in children and adolescents and decreases with age. Basal metabolism is the amount of energy needed to m ...
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... the modern food supply as ingested today does not provide an optimal diet. Dietary recommendations are issued to attempt to provide total nutrition through foods, but the necessary foods may be too costly or too difficult to prepare in the proper balance for the average consumer. Being obese and ing ...
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... Obesity has become a major public health problem being described as the 21st century epidemic since the prevalence is expected to increase further.1 Overweight is not only a problem of itself, but also due to the obesityassociated metabolic and mechanical disorders.2,3 Since obesity has a multi-caus ...
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... hormones signal their release, where they’re released from, where they travel to or where they are secreted into, and what they break down  Know the 2 hormones that aid in the digestion of carbs – where they’re secreted from, where they travel to, and what they signal the release of  Describe how ...
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Macronutrients: the Importance of Carbohydrate, Protein, and Fat
Macronutrients: the Importance of Carbohydrate, Protein, and Fat

... and margarines) have been shown to increase your risk for heart disease. Replacing saturated and trans fat in your diet with unsaturated fat (found in foods like olive oil, avocados, nuts, and canola oil) has been shown decrease the risk of developing heart disease. ...
BNF food and nutrition glossary.
BNF food and nutrition glossary.

... Emulsification The process by which fat and water mix together, often by an emulsifier (see below). The fats form a suspension of tiny droplets in water. Emulsifying agent A substance which causes mixtures of oils and water to coalesce. Emulsify The process by which fat and water mix together, the f ...
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Obesogen



Obesogens are foreign chemical compounds that disrupt normal development and balance of lipid metabolism, which in some cases, can lead to obesity. Obesogens may be functionally defined as chemicals that inappropriately alter lipid homeostasis and fat storage, change metabolic setpoints, disrupt energy balance or modify the regulation of appetite and satiety to promote fat accumulation and obesity.There are many different proposed mechanisms through which obesogens can interfere with the body's adipose tissue biology. These mechanisms include alterations in the action of metabolic sensors; dysregulation of sex steroid synthesis, action or breakdown; changes in the central integration of energy balance including the regulation of appetite and satiety; and reprogramming of metabolic setpoints. Some of these proposed pathways include inappropriate modulation of nuclear receptor function which therefore allows the compounds to be classified as endocrine disrupting chemicals that act to mimic hormones in the body, altering the normal homeostasis maintained by the endocrine system.Obesogens have been detected in the body both as a result of intentional administration of obesogenic chemicals in the form of pharmaceutical drugs such as diethylstilbestrol, selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor, and thiazolidinedione and as a result of unintentional exposure to environmental obesogens such as tributyltin, bisphenol A, diethylhexylphthalate, and perfluorooctanoate. Emerging evidence from laboratories around the world suggests that other chemicals will be confirmed as falling under this proposed classification in the near future, and that there may be some serious biological effects due to exposure to these chemicals that still remain undiscovered. Until now, 20 chemicals have been found responsible for making one fat.The term obesogen was coined by Felix Grün and Bruce Blumberg of the University of California, Irvine. The topic of this proposed class of chemical compounds and how to counteract their effects is explored at length in the book The New American Diet. Paula Baillie-Hamilton, a doctor in the UK, was the first one to have identified how obesogens make it difficult to lose weight. She published her results in the Journal of Alternative and Complementary Medicine in 2002.
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