The Aurora
... EXPERIMENTS - IMAGE Imager for Magnetopause-to-Aurora Global Exploration Launch: 25 March 2000 ...
... EXPERIMENTS - IMAGE Imager for Magnetopause-to-Aurora Global Exploration Launch: 25 March 2000 ...
Science News May 1 2004 - Department of Physics and Astronomy
... If organic molecules such as PAHs can form in space, Allamandola wondered, what other kinds of complex molecules might arise? To answer that question, he and his colleagues have been re-creating molecular clouds in the laboratory to simulate the different chemical reactions that might occur within t ...
... If organic molecules such as PAHs can form in space, Allamandola wondered, what other kinds of complex molecules might arise? To answer that question, he and his colleagues have been re-creating molecular clouds in the laboratory to simulate the different chemical reactions that might occur within t ...
C-14 is used to date
... would be changed. Change in the carbon holding capacity of the oceans. Size of the Oceans, etc. Changes to the earth’s upper and lower atmosphere. ...
... would be changed. Change in the carbon holding capacity of the oceans. Size of the Oceans, etc. Changes to the earth’s upper and lower atmosphere. ...
Cosmic Extremes
... Therefore, high-energy cosmic rays cannot travel far without losing some energy to this radiation. As a result, physicists do not expect to see many cosmic rays above a certain energy, provided that their sources are very far away. This energy is called the GZK cutoff, after the physicists who first ...
... Therefore, high-energy cosmic rays cannot travel far without losing some energy to this radiation. As a result, physicists do not expect to see many cosmic rays above a certain energy, provided that their sources are very far away. This energy is called the GZK cutoff, after the physicists who first ...
++ (?) Non-thermal heating
... localized energy deposit to ionosphere (Jeans) relative height of ionopause & ion pick-up exosphere (interaction bulk momentum area increase) transfer ...
... localized energy deposit to ionosphere (Jeans) relative height of ionopause & ion pick-up exosphere (interaction bulk momentum area increase) transfer ...
AST 207 Final Exam 14 December 2009
... a. (2 pts.) Explain why the sun moves with respect to the stars. b. (2 pts.) Explain why the planets sometimes moves east to west with respect to the stars, which is opposite the way the sun moves. c. (2 pts.) Explain why Mars moves east to west with respect to the horizon. d. (3 pts.) Copernicus’s ...
... a. (2 pts.) Explain why the sun moves with respect to the stars. b. (2 pts.) Explain why the planets sometimes moves east to west with respect to the stars, which is opposite the way the sun moves. c. (2 pts.) Explain why Mars moves east to west with respect to the horizon. d. (3 pts.) Copernicus’s ...
CME - ASU
... For weak CMEs at .5 AU, M=.25*Earth's is sufficient for only 1 Earth radius standoff. For strong CMEs, M = 2*Earth's, so cannot be generated by tidally locked Earth size and mass exoplanets ...
... For weak CMEs at .5 AU, M=.25*Earth's is sufficient for only 1 Earth radius standoff. For strong CMEs, M = 2*Earth's, so cannot be generated by tidally locked Earth size and mass exoplanets ...
unit a activity 4d - telescopes - student readings-klh.ss
... 18. Because gamma rays are even shorter than X-rays, there is no way to prevent them from passing right through a detection device. Since mirrors can't be used to focus gamma rays, a method had to be developed for detecting gamma rays indirectly. Right: Illustration of a crystal gamma-ray detector. ...
... 18. Because gamma rays are even shorter than X-rays, there is no way to prevent them from passing right through a detection device. Since mirrors can't be used to focus gamma rays, a method had to be developed for detecting gamma rays indirectly. Right: Illustration of a crystal gamma-ray detector. ...
Elemental Synthesis in the Universe
... using stellar spectra, need models to extract information study solar photosphere (most data:65 elements) reasonably accurate; very complex with many factors. ...
... using stellar spectra, need models to extract information study solar photosphere (most data:65 elements) reasonably accurate; very complex with many factors. ...
Powerpoint
... but the higher masses have a longer lifetime with higher metallicity because mass loss decreases the mass. For lower masses, there is a significant metallicity dependence for the helium burning lifetime. The reason is not clear. Perhaps the more active H-burning shell in the solar metallicity case r ...
... but the higher masses have a longer lifetime with higher metallicity because mass loss decreases the mass. For lower masses, there is a significant metallicity dependence for the helium burning lifetime. The reason is not clear. Perhaps the more active H-burning shell in the solar metallicity case r ...
Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society
... drops as the density falls to the point where the visible-light photons can escape unhindered into space. This cools the plasma to about 5800 K, so that it becomes denser and slowly sinks back down, only to be reheated. This sets up a convective pattern, and so convection becomes the dominant energy ...
... drops as the density falls to the point where the visible-light photons can escape unhindered into space. This cools the plasma to about 5800 K, so that it becomes denser and slowly sinks back down, only to be reheated. This sets up a convective pattern, and so convection becomes the dominant energy ...
High Energy Emission in Extragalactic Nonblazar Sources
... (Requires low-redshift GRB to avoid attenuation by diffuse IR background) Delayed high-energy g-ray emission from superbowl burst Seven GRBs detected with EGRET either during prompt MeV burst emission or after MeV emission has decayed away (Dingus et al. 1998) Average spectrum of 4 GRBs detected ove ...
... (Requires low-redshift GRB to avoid attenuation by diffuse IR background) Delayed high-energy g-ray emission from superbowl burst Seven GRBs detected with EGRET either during prompt MeV burst emission or after MeV emission has decayed away (Dingus et al. 1998) Average spectrum of 4 GRBs detected ove ...
Excitation of the Hydrogen 21
... results are summarized in Table II of Section VI, in the form of certain efficiencies which can be used with (15) to calculate the spin temperature. In Section VI the results are applied to a variety of astronomical situations, and it is shown that in the usual situation collisions with H atoms are ...
... results are summarized in Table II of Section VI, in the form of certain efficiencies which can be used with (15) to calculate the spin temperature. In Section VI the results are applied to a variety of astronomical situations, and it is shown that in the usual situation collisions with H atoms are ...
galactic cosmic radiation and solar energetic particles
... exposure to galactic cosmic radiation in space at sunspot minimum is - 4 protons cm 2 s' resulting in a yearly integrated exposure of - 1.3 x 108 protons/cm2. The isotropic flux exposure to galactic cosmic radiation at sunspot maximum is - 2 protons cm-2 s-' resulting in a yearly integrated exposure ...
... exposure to galactic cosmic radiation in space at sunspot minimum is - 4 protons cm 2 s' resulting in a yearly integrated exposure of - 1.3 x 108 protons/cm2. The isotropic flux exposure to galactic cosmic radiation at sunspot maximum is - 2 protons cm-2 s-' resulting in a yearly integrated exposure ...
Here - HESPERIA
... University of Wuerzburg, D-97074 Wuerzburg, Germany The appearances of solar energetic particle events in interplanetary space around the Earth’s orbit, i.e., intensity-time profiles, anisotropies, energy spectra and elemental abundance ratios are determined by a combination of the underlying accele ...
... University of Wuerzburg, D-97074 Wuerzburg, Germany The appearances of solar energetic particle events in interplanetary space around the Earth’s orbit, i.e., intensity-time profiles, anisotropies, energy spectra and elemental abundance ratios are determined by a combination of the underlying accele ...
Bright Quasar 3C 273 Encyclopedia of Astronomy & Astrophysics eaa.iop.org Thierry J-L Courvoisier
... 3C 273 is clearly a very luminous object indeed. Its light output corresponds to 1014 times that of the Sun. Most quasars do not radiate substantially in the radio part of the electromagnetic spectrum, and are called radio quiet quasars. A small fraction, of which 3C 273 is a member, do, however. Th ...
... 3C 273 is clearly a very luminous object indeed. Its light output corresponds to 1014 times that of the Sun. Most quasars do not radiate substantially in the radio part of the electromagnetic spectrum, and are called radio quiet quasars. A small fraction, of which 3C 273 is a member, do, however. Th ...
Grinin
... Grain growth has a strong radial dependence due to the decreasing density and rotational velocity with increasing radius (Blum & Wurm 2008). Growth is very fast (10000 years). Fragmentation – growth- semi-equilibrium The disc dissipation starts from the inner region of CS disc and leads to the ...
... Grain growth has a strong radial dependence due to the decreasing density and rotational velocity with increasing radius (Blum & Wurm 2008). Growth is very fast (10000 years). Fragmentation – growth- semi-equilibrium The disc dissipation starts from the inner region of CS disc and leads to the ...
Cosmoclimatology: a new theory emerges
... clouds, below about 3 km in altitude, respond most closely to variations in the cosmic rays (Marsh and Svensmark 2000), a counter-intuitive finding for some critics (e.g. Kristjansson and Kristiansen 2000). Figure 2 compares data from the International Satellite Cloud Climatology Project and the Hu ...
... clouds, below about 3 km in altitude, respond most closely to variations in the cosmic rays (Marsh and Svensmark 2000), a counter-intuitive finding for some critics (e.g. Kristjansson and Kristiansen 2000). Figure 2 compares data from the International Satellite Cloud Climatology Project and the Hu ...
Document
... tions, we measured the excitation functions of the 2s and 2p states of the hydrogen atom in the charge exchange of protons in inert gases, in the energy range 10-40 keV. All the measurements of the La radiation intensity, in relative units, were made with a vacuum monochromator 3 ) using a photoelec ...
... tions, we measured the excitation functions of the 2s and 2p states of the hydrogen atom in the charge exchange of protons in inert gases, in the energy range 10-40 keV. All the measurements of the La radiation intensity, in relative units, were made with a vacuum monochromator 3 ) using a photoelec ...
Radiation-driven Feedback to the ISM around AGNs
... hand, diffuse and relatively stable outflows with ρ ∼ 10−2 M pc−3 or less are formed in the less luminous model with LA G N /LE dd = 0.01. We found that when biconical radiation-driven outflows are formed, “back-flows” toward the disk plane also appear outside the outflows. These accretion flows interact ...
... hand, diffuse and relatively stable outflows with ρ ∼ 10−2 M pc−3 or less are formed in the less luminous model with LA G N /LE dd = 0.01. We found that when biconical radiation-driven outflows are formed, “back-flows” toward the disk plane also appear outside the outflows. These accretion flows interact ...
Flares and the chromosphere Hugh S. Hudson and Lyndsay Fletcher
... The observations indicate that coronal energy dissipates in the chromosphere, and the hard X-ray signature directly implicates weakly relativistic electrons. Thus the magnetic restructuring, and the energy transport it implies, must somehow result in the acceleration of electrons to non-thermal ener ...
... The observations indicate that coronal energy dissipates in the chromosphere, and the hard X-ray signature directly implicates weakly relativistic electrons. Thus the magnetic restructuring, and the energy transport it implies, must somehow result in the acceleration of electrons to non-thermal ener ...
Health threat from cosmic rays
The health threat from cosmic rays is the danger posed by galactic cosmic rays and solar energetic particles to astronauts on interplanetary missions. Galactic cosmic rays (GCRs) consist of high energy protons (85%), helium (14%) and other high energy nuclei (HZE ions). Solar energetic particles consist primarily of protons accelerated by the Sun to high energies via proximity to solar flares and coronal mass ejections. They are one of the most important barriers standing in the way of plans for interplanetary travel by crewed spacecraft.