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... three planets. The atmospheric escape may actually be stronger from a magnetized planet during increased solar wind activities. The intrinsic magnetic field does not protect the atmosphere from the solar wind for Earth’s case. note: May protect for strong magnetic field (Jupiter), but SW energy is h ...
... three planets. The atmospheric escape may actually be stronger from a magnetized planet during increased solar wind activities. The intrinsic magnetic field does not protect the atmosphere from the solar wind for Earth’s case. note: May protect for strong magnetic field (Jupiter), but SW energy is h ...
EEn.1.1.1 Explain the Earth`s motion through space, including
... around our axis (day/night,) Explain Precession—change in direction of the axis, but without any change in tilt—this changes the stars near (or not near) the Pole, but does not affect the seasons (as long as the angle of 23.5 degrees stays the same) Explain nutation—wobbling around the precessional ...
... around our axis (day/night,) Explain Precession—change in direction of the axis, but without any change in tilt—this changes the stars near (or not near) the Pole, but does not affect the seasons (as long as the angle of 23.5 degrees stays the same) Explain nutation—wobbling around the precessional ...
Radiation from the Big Bang—4 Nov • Four most important
... Shine light on a surface. Emissivity = fraction of light absorbed. (The rest is reflected.) – Emissivity = 1 for a black surface – Emissivity = 0 for a mirror ...
... Shine light on a surface. Emissivity = fraction of light absorbed. (The rest is reflected.) – Emissivity = 1 for a black surface – Emissivity = 0 for a mirror ...
STARDUST Presentation
... How do we simulate the interstellar medium? • The radiation field can be high (UV and particle radiation) •This radiation clearly illuminates PAHs associated with the clouds ...
... How do we simulate the interstellar medium? • The radiation field can be high (UV and particle radiation) •This radiation clearly illuminates PAHs associated with the clouds ...
Pertti Mäkelä The Catholic University of America
... • 1927 Jacob Clay detects a latitudinal effect: the radiation closer the equator lower than at higher (magnetic) latitudes (CRs are charged particles). • 1930 Carl Størmer (Stoermer) calculated particle trajectories in the geomagnetic field -> latitudinal effect was due to shielding by the geomagnet ...
... • 1927 Jacob Clay detects a latitudinal effect: the radiation closer the equator lower than at higher (magnetic) latitudes (CRs are charged particles). • 1930 Carl Størmer (Stoermer) calculated particle trajectories in the geomagnetic field -> latitudinal effect was due to shielding by the geomagnet ...
Ay 122 - Fall 2004 Electromagnetic Radiation And Its Interactions With Matter
... • At particular T, some levels will have a higher probability of being occupied than others. • Probability of some transitions is greater than others. • Not all transitions are possible (selection rules). Because of conservation laws - e.g. since a photon carries angular momentum cannot make a trans ...
... • At particular T, some levels will have a higher probability of being occupied than others. • Probability of some transitions is greater than others. • Not all transitions are possible (selection rules). Because of conservation laws - e.g. since a photon carries angular momentum cannot make a trans ...
Chapter 18 Life in the Universe
... Fraction of stars having planetary systems: Most planetary systems like our own have not been detected yet, but we would expect to be able to detect them using current methods. ...
... Fraction of stars having planetary systems: Most planetary systems like our own have not been detected yet, but we would expect to be able to detect them using current methods. ...
ICRP Guidelines: `the effective dose equivalent from all sources
... Sources of Radiation in the Environment ...
... Sources of Radiation in the Environment ...
Lecture 7: Light Waves Newton`s Laws of Motion (1666) Newton`s
... •These laws can be used together to derive all of Kepler’s laws from basic physical principles! •This yields a deeper, more satisfying explanation for the patterns of motion of the planets •Questions remained: where does gravity come from? •This was answered by Albert Einstein in 1915 •Gravity is re ...
... •These laws can be used together to derive all of Kepler’s laws from basic physical principles! •This yields a deeper, more satisfying explanation for the patterns of motion of the planets •Questions remained: where does gravity come from? •This was answered by Albert Einstein in 1915 •Gravity is re ...
Lecture 3: Interstellar Dust, Radiative Transfer and Thermal Radiation
... Let’s use the equation of transfer to obtain the specific intensity at a point P located at a distance r from the center of a star. Assume that jν = 0. Integrating the equation along any ray from the stellar surface to P, we obtain: ...
... Let’s use the equation of transfer to obtain the specific intensity at a point P located at a distance r from the center of a star. Assume that jν = 0. Integrating the equation along any ray from the stellar surface to P, we obtain: ...
Summary
... Conduction of heat is the transfer of energy within materials and between different materials that are in direct contact. Materials that conduct heat well are known as conductors. Metals—such as silver, copper, aluminum, and iron—are the best conductors. Conduction occurs within a heated material wh ...
... Conduction of heat is the transfer of energy within materials and between different materials that are in direct contact. Materials that conduct heat well are known as conductors. Metals—such as silver, copper, aluminum, and iron—are the best conductors. Conduction occurs within a heated material wh ...
ip ch 22 study guide
... moves to the bottom, and the process continues. In this way, convection currents keep a fluid stirred up as it heats. • Convection currents stirring the atmosphere produce winds. This is evident at the seashore. Uneven heating of air over land and water causes a sea breeze that blows toward the land ...
... moves to the bottom, and the process continues. In this way, convection currents keep a fluid stirred up as it heats. • Convection currents stirring the atmosphere produce winds. This is evident at the seashore. Uneven heating of air over land and water causes a sea breeze that blows toward the land ...
ASTRO EXAM AFTERNOON Review
... pulling oceans in same direction. NEAP TIDE = E-M-S are at a 90° angle, so Moon & Sun are counteracting each other. ...
... pulling oceans in same direction. NEAP TIDE = E-M-S are at a 90° angle, so Moon & Sun are counteracting each other. ...
Equation of state in stars Interior of a star contains a mixture of ions
... Determining m m will depend upon the composition of the gas and the state of ionization. For example: • Neutral hydrogen: m = 1 • Fully ionized hydrogen: m = 0.5 In the central regions of stars, OK to assume that all the elements are fully ionized. Bookeeping task to determine what m is. Denote abu ...
... Determining m m will depend upon the composition of the gas and the state of ionization. For example: • Neutral hydrogen: m = 1 • Fully ionized hydrogen: m = 0.5 In the central regions of stars, OK to assume that all the elements are fully ionized. Bookeeping task to determine what m is. Denote abu ...
PHY418 Particle Astrophysics - Particle Physics and Particle
... Detection of cosmic rays • Cosmic rays are strongly interacting • primary cosmic rays shower high in the atmosphere • Therefore, two approaches to detection: • detect primary particle at high altitude • requires balloon-borne or space-based experiment ...
... Detection of cosmic rays • Cosmic rays are strongly interacting • primary cosmic rays shower high in the atmosphere • Therefore, two approaches to detection: • detect primary particle at high altitude • requires balloon-borne or space-based experiment ...
Cherenkov Radiation From Faster-Than
... In this paper, the author evaluates the cosmic background radiation due to the Cherenkov effect from FTL virtual photons created in a ZPF background. The calculated result shows that the spectrum and the mass density of energy due to the Cherenkov radiation almost coincides the cosmic background rad ...
... In this paper, the author evaluates the cosmic background radiation due to the Cherenkov effect from FTL virtual photons created in a ZPF background. The calculated result shows that the spectrum and the mass density of energy due to the Cherenkov radiation almost coincides the cosmic background rad ...
1 The Big Bang • The Big Bang Theory postulates that the universe
... In 1948 it was suggested that if the Big Bang did happen then it would be the biggest single emission of energy in the universe and there should be a measurable peak wavelength associated with it. The universe has cooled considerably since the Big Bang. It was predicted to be at a current temperatur ...
... In 1948 it was suggested that if the Big Bang did happen then it would be the biggest single emission of energy in the universe and there should be a measurable peak wavelength associated with it. The universe has cooled considerably since the Big Bang. It was predicted to be at a current temperatur ...
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... Big Bang (BB)Theory •Massive explosion from a small point •Background microwave radiation is radiation created just after the BB. •Created as high energy gamma radiation after BB As universe expanded, it stretched into longer and longer wavelengths. ...
... Big Bang (BB)Theory •Massive explosion from a small point •Background microwave radiation is radiation created just after the BB. •Created as high energy gamma radiation after BB As universe expanded, it stretched into longer and longer wavelengths. ...
Health threat from cosmic rays
The health threat from cosmic rays is the danger posed by galactic cosmic rays and solar energetic particles to astronauts on interplanetary missions. Galactic cosmic rays (GCRs) consist of high energy protons (85%), helium (14%) and other high energy nuclei (HZE ions). Solar energetic particles consist primarily of protons accelerated by the Sun to high energies via proximity to solar flares and coronal mass ejections. They are one of the most important barriers standing in the way of plans for interplanetary travel by crewed spacecraft.