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II. Current Stresses and Future Climate Impacts on Key Economic
II. Current Stresses and Future Climate Impacts on Key Economic

... will be lowered. Land areas appropriate for both crop and animal production exist in Alaska. An important factor in this movement ...
Questioning the Science and Politics of Climate Change
Questioning the Science and Politics of Climate Change

... (i.e. Illinois, New York, etc.) and since then the remnant mountain glaciers and parts of Greenland and Antarctica are still adding some melt-water. [The warm period 130,000 years ago saw sea levels 20 ft higher than today, i.e. naturally.] Sea level also rises for other reasons such as increases in ...
MUTUALLY ASSURED DESTRUCTION (MAD): THE BIOSPHERE
MUTUALLY ASSURED DESTRUCTION (MAD): THE BIOSPHERE

...  “The [U.S.] National Academy of Sciences reports that the hottest days are now hotter. And the fingerprint of global warming behind this change has been firmly identified.”2  “In the past several years, the global areas hit by extremely unusual hot summertime temperatures has increased 50-fold.”2 ...
Agriculture as % of GDP 1993
Agriculture as % of GDP 1993

... A number of increased concerns have arisen: • Increased oceanic acidity likely to reduce the oceans capacity to absorb carbon dioxide and effect the entire marine food chain • A regional increase of 2.7oC above present (associated with a temperature rise of about 1.5oC above today or 2oC above prein ...
Rowand-(Kyoto Protocol-CO2)
Rowand-(Kyoto Protocol-CO2)

... health and welfare of mankind. There is no convincing scientific evidence that human release of carbon dioxide, methane, or other greenhouse gasses is causing or will, in the foreseeable future, cause catastrophic heating of the Earth's atmosphere and disruption of the Earth's climate. Moreover, the ...
Global Warming
Global Warming

... When the climate changes, there may be big changes in things that people depend on. These things include the level of the oceans and the places where we plant crops. They also include the air we breathe and the water we drink. ...
Media Release
Media Release

... The results suggest that seasonal events -such as the timing of flowering in plants and breeding in birds - are generally more sensitive to temperature change, than to changes in precipitation such as rain and snowfall. Plants and animals respond differently to temperature changes at different times ...
Theme 2 – Climate Change
Theme 2 – Climate Change

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Week 10 Review

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Temperatures from the Middle Pleistocene to the
Temperatures from the Middle Pleistocene to the

... from multiple marine sediment sequences, using the Mg/Ca ratios in the calcite (CaCO 3) of fossil planktic foraminifera. The record is plotted relative to its mean because temperatures at lower latitude locations were greater than those at high-latitude locations, but all show the same pattern and t ...
Main contributing factors to changes of Earth´s climate
Main contributing factors to changes of Earth´s climate

... value of about 2,000 ppm to about few hundred ppm. Ice sheets grew over most of Antarctica. NATURE, 446 (2007). S. Bain et al. Effect of natural iron fertilization on carbon sequestration in the Southern Ocean Iron concentration in surface waters plays important role on the uptake of carbon in ocean ...
How to change the number of rings with century link
How to change the number of rings with century link

... FOX; Ferdinand | Official Trailer [HD] | 20th Century FOX; Diary of a Wimpy TEEN: The Long Haul. Since the hockey stick paper in 1998, there have been a number of proxy studies analysing a variety of different sources including corals, stalagmites, tree rings. Change ringing is the art of ringing a ...
IPCC101
IPCC101

... Changes in the global water cycle in response to the warming over the 21st century will not be uniform. The contrast in precipitation between wet and dry regions and between wet and dry seasons will increase, although there may be regional exceptions. The global ocean will continue to warm during th ...
Climate Change - cloudfront.net
Climate Change - cloudfront.net

... Climate Change • Climate change is a significant shift in temperature and weather patterns around the world. While some changes are normal, the vast majority of scientists agree that our activities are causing dramatic changes to the Earth’s climate. ...
Global Environmental Change
Global Environmental Change

... idea of ice ages was new, and scientists were clamoring for an explanation of how they began. Weather fluctuations are normal, but always within narrow confines. What would cause temperatures to drop so much that ice sheets miles thick would cover vast reaches of the northern hemisphere? This questi ...
Case Study 6a
Case Study 6a

5. Table 5.1 Selected chapters in hydrology
5. Table 5.1 Selected chapters in hydrology

Climate and Energy s M ,
Climate and Energy s M ,

... • In a similar vein, scientists need to be candid about the degree of uncertainty that surrounds many of their observations and predictions. On the other hand, scientists should not hesitate to be forthright about those things that are known to be true, and which do not merit any more research or d ...
Talk 6 - Climate change impacts on agriculture and water resources
Talk 6 - Climate change impacts on agriculture and water resources

... Climate change impacts on agriculture Climate change impacts on water resources Agriculturally related climate indices TSMS agricultural products Conclusion ...
What causes global climate change?
What causes global climate change?

... climate on all temporal and spatial scales beyond that of individual weather events. Variability may be due to natural internal processes within the climate system, or to variations in natural or anthropogenic (human-driven) external forcing. Global climate change indicates a change in either the me ...
Baltic Sea region
Baltic Sea region

... • Temperature is rising since some decades. • This increase is beyond the range of our estimate of natural variations. We need an explanation by external (man-made) drivers. • We can explain this increase in temperature in winter and spring by considering elevated CO2 levels as sole external forcing ...
Elements of climate science- policy interaction in Germany
Elements of climate science- policy interaction in Germany

... BACC) derived with scientific methods These tasks are integrated in “regional climate offices“ and a “Climate Service Center” to improve science-stakeholder interaction in particular regions and on the national/European level ...
`Gaia` scientist James Lovelock: I was `alarmist` about climate change
`Gaia` scientist James Lovelock: I was `alarmist` about climate change

Climate Short Study Guide
Climate Short Study Guide

... Since global warming is largely a result of increased atmospheric carbon dioxide, planting trees would help reduce global warming. Both terms involve long-term weather patterns. Climate is the long-term weather pattern of an area, while a normal is a standard value (such as daily high and low temper ...
Climate_change_oceans
Climate_change_oceans

... ENSO frequency does appear to show multidecadal cycles. ...
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Attribution of recent climate change



Attribution of recent climate change is the effort to scientifically ascertain mechanisms responsible for recent changes observed in the Earth's climate, commonly known as 'global warming'. The effort has focused on changes observed during the period of instrumental temperature record, when records are most reliable; particularly in the last 50 years, when human activity has grown fastest and observations of the troposphere have become available. The dominant mechanisms (to which recent climate change has been attributed) are anthropogenic, i.e., the result of human activity. They are: increasing atmospheric concentrations of greenhouse gases global changes to land surface, such as deforestation increasing atmospheric concentrations of aerosols.There are also natural mechanisms for variation including climate oscillations, changes in solar activity, and volcanic activity.According to the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), it is ""extremely likely"" that human influence was the dominant cause of global warming between 1951 and 2010. The IPCC defines ""extremely likely"" as indicating a probability of 95 to 100%, based on an expert assessment of all the available evidence.Multiple lines of evidence support attribution of recent climate change to human activities: A basic physical understanding of the climate system: greenhouse gas concentrations have increased and their warming properties are well-established. Historical estimates of past climate changes suggest that the recent changes in global surface temperature are unusual. Computer-based climate models are unable to replicate the observed warming unless human greenhouse gas emissions are included. Natural forces alone (such as solar and volcanic activity) cannot explain the observed warming.The IPCC's attribution of recent global warming to human activities is a view shared by most scientists, and is also supported by 196 other scientific organizations worldwide (see also: scientific opinion on climate change).
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