Climate Change Risks and Control Strategies
... government dealing with the then fledgling discussions of climate change. At that point the research community was just recognizing the greater likelihood of warming versus cooling from human activities, and the various agencies responsible for climate related research and management needed to coord ...
... government dealing with the then fledgling discussions of climate change. At that point the research community was just recognizing the greater likelihood of warming versus cooling from human activities, and the various agencies responsible for climate related research and management needed to coord ...
Lecture 37 - Cornell Geological Sciences
... Precession: the direction the Earth’s rotational axis points at perigee and apogee of orbit. ...
... Precession: the direction the Earth’s rotational axis points at perigee and apogee of orbit. ...
Mitigation of air pollution and climate change in China
... in considering mitigation of air pollution and climate change in an integrated way through discussing results in two important research areas in an interdisciplinary forum. Two topics will be included: ...
... in considering mitigation of air pollution and climate change in an integrated way through discussing results in two important research areas in an interdisciplinary forum. Two topics will be included: ...
Case Study: Zambia - UNESCO World Heritage Centre
... The Kyoto protocol (an extension of convention agreements, which outline ways to proceed) requires governments to take even stronger action. In 1997, the Parties to the Convention agreed by consensus that developed countries should accept a legally binding commitment to reduce their collective emis ...
... The Kyoto protocol (an extension of convention agreements, which outline ways to proceed) requires governments to take even stronger action. In 1997, the Parties to the Convention agreed by consensus that developed countries should accept a legally binding commitment to reduce their collective emis ...
Document
... Change in IR Emission to Space • Notice that because of Earth’s greenhouse gases, 91% (=64/70) [195/235 = 83%] of the IR emitted to space comes from the atmosphere and only 9% (=6/70) [40/235 = 17%] comes from the surface • When GHG’s are added to the atmosphere, the altitude of ...
... Change in IR Emission to Space • Notice that because of Earth’s greenhouse gases, 91% (=64/70) [195/235 = 83%] of the IR emitted to space comes from the atmosphere and only 9% (=6/70) [40/235 = 17%] comes from the surface • When GHG’s are added to the atmosphere, the altitude of ...
Download the full speech of the National Sustainability Conference
... declared 2009 as the year of climate change as we begin to pave the way towards a low-carbon future. Calls for a New Green Deal have been heard in the U.K. and Europe. U.S. President Barack Obama has pledged that his administration will address the issue of climate change squarely - invest in clean ...
... declared 2009 as the year of climate change as we begin to pave the way towards a low-carbon future. Calls for a New Green Deal have been heard in the U.K. and Europe. U.S. President Barack Obama has pledged that his administration will address the issue of climate change squarely - invest in clean ...
Global Temperature Update Through 2012
... The annual increment in the greenhouse gas forcing (Fig. 5) has declined from about 0.05 W/m2 in the 1980s to about 0.035 W/m2 in recent years 8. The decline is primarily a consequence of successful phaseout of ozone-depleting gases and reduction of the growth rate of methane. Also, the airborne fra ...
... The annual increment in the greenhouse gas forcing (Fig. 5) has declined from about 0.05 W/m2 in the 1980s to about 0.035 W/m2 in recent years 8. The decline is primarily a consequence of successful phaseout of ozone-depleting gases and reduction of the growth rate of methane. Also, the airborne fra ...
A more reasoned - nick g. glumac
... The climate sensitivity to a doubling of pre-industrial carbon dioxide concentration “is likely to be in the range of 2 to 4.5°C with a best estimate of about 3°C, and is very unlikely to be less than 1.5°C,” possibly even much higher than 4.5°C. Immediate, deep reductions in greenhouse gas emission ...
... The climate sensitivity to a doubling of pre-industrial carbon dioxide concentration “is likely to be in the range of 2 to 4.5°C with a best estimate of about 3°C, and is very unlikely to be less than 1.5°C,” possibly even much higher than 4.5°C. Immediate, deep reductions in greenhouse gas emission ...
Up a gum tree with climate change (PDF File 85.1 KB)
... Up a Gum Tree with Climate Change Professor David Tissue and Professor Jann Conroy from the Centre for Plant and Food Science are collaborating with United States researchers Dr Nathan Phillips of Boston University and Barry Logan of Bowdoin College to explore eucalypt growth reactions to increasing ...
... Up a Gum Tree with Climate Change Professor David Tissue and Professor Jann Conroy from the Centre for Plant and Food Science are collaborating with United States researchers Dr Nathan Phillips of Boston University and Barry Logan of Bowdoin College to explore eucalypt growth reactions to increasing ...
Outline - Cengage
... strategies: improve energy efficiency to reduce fossil fuel use, shift from carbon-based fossil fuels to a mix of carbon-free renewable energy resources, and sequester or store as much CO 2 as possible in soil, in vegetation, underground, and in the deep ocean. C. We can remove and store some CO2 we ...
... strategies: improve energy efficiency to reduce fossil fuel use, shift from carbon-based fossil fuels to a mix of carbon-free renewable energy resources, and sequester or store as much CO 2 as possible in soil, in vegetation, underground, and in the deep ocean. C. We can remove and store some CO2 we ...
Biospheric Feedback Loops and Rapid Global
... “Economists have estimated these ‘social costs’ at anywhere from $8 per ton to as high as $100 per ton of CO2.”4 ...
... “Economists have estimated these ‘social costs’ at anywhere from $8 per ton to as high as $100 per ton of CO2.”4 ...
cairns_biospheric_feedback_loops
... “Economists have estimated these ‘social costs’ at anywhere from $8 per ton to as high as $100 per ton of CO2.”4 ...
... “Economists have estimated these ‘social costs’ at anywhere from $8 per ton to as high as $100 per ton of CO2.”4 ...
The Hindu Kush Himalayas and Climate Change
... Water‐Energy‐Food Nexus • Mountain systems – a global resource Vital for water, food, energy, forests, biodiversity • Mountains are under pressure • Mountains offer solutions ...
... Water‐Energy‐Food Nexus • Mountain systems – a global resource Vital for water, food, energy, forests, biodiversity • Mountains are under pressure • Mountains offer solutions ...
Climate scenarios - cleoresearch.se
... Short description of activities 2011: Generally, the data from climate models (temperature, precipitation, etc.) have systematical errors (bias) that need to be corrected before the data can be used in impact assessment. The correction required may be analysed by comparing climate model data with ob ...
... Short description of activities 2011: Generally, the data from climate models (temperature, precipitation, etc.) have systematical errors (bias) that need to be corrected before the data can be used in impact assessment. The correction required may be analysed by comparing climate model data with ob ...
Minneapolis Westminster Town Hall Forum Speech May 10 2007
... is widespread in the tropics. The balance was upended, greenhouse gas levels began to increase, and a new phenomenon presented itself: The Greenhouse Gas or Global Warming Problem. The problem is this: The atmospheric levels of several important greenhouse gases, particularly carbon dioxide, have b ...
... is widespread in the tropics. The balance was upended, greenhouse gas levels began to increase, and a new phenomenon presented itself: The Greenhouse Gas or Global Warming Problem. The problem is this: The atmospheric levels of several important greenhouse gases, particularly carbon dioxide, have b ...
Document
... used to have grass. Now it has all gone. Sometimes we survive on the roots and the thorny grass. We are so ashamed.” ...
... used to have grass. Now it has all gone. Sometimes we survive on the roots and the thorny grass. We are so ashamed.” ...
Slide 1 - climateknowledge.org
... • The area where there is strong, localized exchange, bottom water currents develop which return cold water towards the equator (heat exchange). • The area where there is strong localized exchange is significantly warmer than it would be in the absence of the ocean currents. (see next figure) • Salt ...
... • The area where there is strong, localized exchange, bottom water currents develop which return cold water towards the equator (heat exchange). • The area where there is strong localized exchange is significantly warmer than it would be in the absence of the ocean currents. (see next figure) • Salt ...
View as a PDF - Frontier Centre For Public Policy
... not show the Medieval Warm Period from the 8 – 12 century, which was also significant. There were errors in the use of the tree-ring data and also other errors. So today, most scientists dismiss the hockey stick. They do not consider the hockey stick graph to be a correct representation of the globa ...
... not show the Medieval Warm Period from the 8 – 12 century, which was also significant. There were errors in the use of the tree-ring data and also other errors. So today, most scientists dismiss the hockey stick. They do not consider the hockey stick graph to be a correct representation of the globa ...
As Earth Cools, Data Centers Busy Reinventing the Past
... years, Rasool claimed, “could be sufficient to trigger an ice age.” Aiding Rasool’s research, the Post reported, was a “computer program developed by Dr. James Hansen”, who was, according to his resume, a Columbia University research associate at the time. It grew so cold in the late 1970s, the city ...
... years, Rasool claimed, “could be sufficient to trigger an ice age.” Aiding Rasool’s research, the Post reported, was a “computer program developed by Dr. James Hansen”, who was, according to his resume, a Columbia University research associate at the time. It grew so cold in the late 1970s, the city ...
Chapter 8
... Feed emission calculations into carbon cycle model Carbon model is required to figure out how much CO2 stays in the atmosphere. Recall time scales for removal of carbon: about 50% removed within one year, about 80% removed after a few centuries, all removed after a few tens of thousands of years CO2 ...
... Feed emission calculations into carbon cycle model Carbon model is required to figure out how much CO2 stays in the atmosphere. Recall time scales for removal of carbon: about 50% removed within one year, about 80% removed after a few centuries, all removed after a few tens of thousands of years CO2 ...
Climate Change As
... Main criticism in the literature has been over the choice discount rate used by the Stern Review – should instead have used a market rate (i.e. 3 – 7%) In the Ramsay formula, the social discount rate is given by: ...
... Main criticism in the literature has been over the choice discount rate used by the Stern Review – should instead have used a market rate (i.e. 3 – 7%) In the Ramsay formula, the social discount rate is given by: ...
Intellectual Climate Change: Could Australia `Blow Apart the Great
... Fielding went to the US to assess the American evidence for global warming at close quarters. As Melbourne's Age reported on June 4: Senator Fielding said he was impressed by some of the data presented at the [US Heartland Institute's] climate change skeptics' conference: namely that, although carbo ...
... Fielding went to the US to assess the American evidence for global warming at close quarters. As Melbourne's Age reported on June 4: Senator Fielding said he was impressed by some of the data presented at the [US Heartland Institute's] climate change skeptics' conference: namely that, although carbo ...
Chapter 21: Global Climate Change (2013)
... approximately 110,000 years Antarctic ice samples have yielded information as far back as 750,000 years. Ice cores can provide vast amounts of information, including an annual record of temperature, ...
... approximately 110,000 years Antarctic ice samples have yielded information as far back as 750,000 years. Ice cores can provide vast amounts of information, including an annual record of temperature, ...
Attribution of recent climate change
Attribution of recent climate change is the effort to scientifically ascertain mechanisms responsible for recent changes observed in the Earth's climate, commonly known as 'global warming'. The effort has focused on changes observed during the period of instrumental temperature record, when records are most reliable; particularly in the last 50 years, when human activity has grown fastest and observations of the troposphere have become available. The dominant mechanisms (to which recent climate change has been attributed) are anthropogenic, i.e., the result of human activity. They are: increasing atmospheric concentrations of greenhouse gases global changes to land surface, such as deforestation increasing atmospheric concentrations of aerosols.There are also natural mechanisms for variation including climate oscillations, changes in solar activity, and volcanic activity.According to the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), it is ""extremely likely"" that human influence was the dominant cause of global warming between 1951 and 2010. The IPCC defines ""extremely likely"" as indicating a probability of 95 to 100%, based on an expert assessment of all the available evidence.Multiple lines of evidence support attribution of recent climate change to human activities: A basic physical understanding of the climate system: greenhouse gas concentrations have increased and their warming properties are well-established. Historical estimates of past climate changes suggest that the recent changes in global surface temperature are unusual. Computer-based climate models are unable to replicate the observed warming unless human greenhouse gas emissions are included. Natural forces alone (such as solar and volcanic activity) cannot explain the observed warming.The IPCC's attribution of recent global warming to human activities is a view shared by most scientists, and is also supported by 196 other scientific organizations worldwide (see also: scientific opinion on climate change).