Chapter 18: Inter-Relationships Between Adaptation and
... energy models and sectoral impact models with climate, landuse and socio-economic scenarios to analyse and compare the costs and benefits of climate change and climate policy to society (see also Chapter 2). However, climate policy in IAMs to date is dominated by mitigation; adaptation, when conside ...
... energy models and sectoral impact models with climate, landuse and socio-economic scenarios to analyse and compare the costs and benefits of climate change and climate policy to society (see also Chapter 2). However, climate policy in IAMs to date is dominated by mitigation; adaptation, when conside ...
The Partnership for Market Readiness
... market readiness and will approach the use of market instruments in different ways. Some will focus on building core readiness components, such as systems for monitoring, reporting and verification (MRV), data collection, baseline setting, and establishing regulatory institutions; others may be in a ...
... market readiness and will approach the use of market instruments in different ways. Some will focus on building core readiness components, such as systems for monitoring, reporting and verification (MRV), data collection, baseline setting, and establishing regulatory institutions; others may be in a ...
Assessing climate change impacts, sea level rise and storm surge risk in port cities: a case study on Copenhagen
... worst affected by storm surges on the North Coast are not densely populated and are well protected. Further, the weather forecasting and warning systems established in Denmark have proven to be efficient to prevent human and economic losses from extreme events. Also, extreme storm surges in Copenhag ...
... worst affected by storm surges on the North Coast are not densely populated and are well protected. Further, the weather forecasting and warning systems established in Denmark have proven to be efficient to prevent human and economic losses from extreme events. Also, extreme storm surges in Copenhag ...
PNAS proof
... vulnerability levels in low- and high-income countries have been converging, due to a relatively strong trend of vulnerability reduction in developing countries. Finally, we present projections of flood losses and fatalities under 100 individual scenario and model combinations, and three possible gl ...
... vulnerability levels in low- and high-income countries have been converging, due to a relatively strong trend of vulnerability reduction in developing countries. Finally, we present projections of flood losses and fatalities under 100 individual scenario and model combinations, and three possible gl ...
LD166 Cumbria Local Climate Impacts Profile
... sided, upland fells flanked by flat plains (much of which are represented by extensive coastline) Cumbria is particularly vulnerable to extreme weather events. For example, high rainfall in Cumbria’s uplands has led to a number of downstream flooding events in recent years with devastating results f ...
... sided, upland fells flanked by flat plains (much of which are represented by extensive coastline) Cumbria is particularly vulnerable to extreme weather events. For example, high rainfall in Cumbria’s uplands has led to a number of downstream flooding events in recent years with devastating results f ...
Temperate Grassland Responses to Climate
... NPP is the sum of the above and belowground litter inputs to the soil (plus animal intake in grazed systems) and is exactly balanced by soil respiration. In the model, a step increase in temperature always increased soil respiration more than NPP, even at high LAI. The result was a net loss of soil ...
... NPP is the sum of the above and belowground litter inputs to the soil (plus animal intake in grazed systems) and is exactly balanced by soil respiration. In the model, a step increase in temperature always increased soil respiration more than NPP, even at high LAI. The result was a net loss of soil ...
Impacts of Climate Related Geo-engineering on Biological
... current commitments to limit greenhouse-gas emissions correspond to a 3-5oC warmer world. Avoidance of high risk of dangerous climate change therefore requires an urgent and massive effort to reduce greenhouse-gas emissions, as well as protecting existing natural carbon sinks, including through sust ...
... current commitments to limit greenhouse-gas emissions correspond to a 3-5oC warmer world. Avoidance of high risk of dangerous climate change therefore requires an urgent and massive effort to reduce greenhouse-gas emissions, as well as protecting existing natural carbon sinks, including through sust ...
The influence of land use and climate change on forest... and composition in Massachusetts, USA J R. T
... cap-and-trade Regional Greenhouse Gas Initiative (RGGI), of which Massachusetts is a signatory, requires states to minimize their emissions by 10% by the year 2018 (RGGI available online).6 To help achieve this goal, carbon sequestered in forests can be calculated and then sold to greenhouse gas pol ...
... cap-and-trade Regional Greenhouse Gas Initiative (RGGI), of which Massachusetts is a signatory, requires states to minimize their emissions by 10% by the year 2018 (RGGI available online).6 To help achieve this goal, carbon sequestered in forests can be calculated and then sold to greenhouse gas pol ...
The Long-Run Effects of Climate Change on Conflict
... for several decades in the United States. Similarly, Hsiang and Jina (2014) find that the occurrence of tropical cyclones reduces growth for at least two decades into the future. Since cyclones are believed to be increasing in frequency due to global warming, these estimates imply that global warmin ...
... for several decades in the United States. Similarly, Hsiang and Jina (2014) find that the occurrence of tropical cyclones reduces growth for at least two decades into the future. Since cyclones are believed to be increasing in frequency due to global warming, these estimates imply that global warmin ...
Rethinking the Role of Cost-Benefit Analysis
... also been used as a means of evading clear statutory mandates. Use of CBA to delay or block implementation of these statutory mandates via OMB review of regulations is in serious tension with the presiden5 tial duty to “take care that the laws be faithfully executed.” If CBA is to be applied to larg ...
... also been used as a means of evading clear statutory mandates. Use of CBA to delay or block implementation of these statutory mandates via OMB review of regulations is in serious tension with the presiden5 tial duty to “take care that the laws be faithfully executed.” If CBA is to be applied to larg ...
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... also be more consistent with historical experience in the SSJ sense. In this regard, this is the second contribution of the paper. We start by deriving a CO2-income relationship based on a Cobb-Douglas type production function, which captures the standard economics idea that income in the long run d ...
... also be more consistent with historical experience in the SSJ sense. In this regard, this is the second contribution of the paper. We start by deriving a CO2-income relationship based on a Cobb-Douglas type production function, which captures the standard economics idea that income in the long run d ...
Costs of Adaptation Related to Industrial and Municipal Water
... recharge process (Chen et al. 2002). Although there is an observed decreasing trend in groundwater levels during the last few decades, this has been mainly attributed to overextraction; little is known of the impacts of future climate change. • Observed annual runoff and river discharge show a broa ...
... recharge process (Chen et al. 2002). Although there is an observed decreasing trend in groundwater levels during the last few decades, this has been mainly attributed to overextraction; little is known of the impacts of future climate change. • Observed annual runoff and river discharge show a broa ...
High-impact Sectors: the Challenge of Reporting on Climate Change
... Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), has completed four comprehensive assessment reports to date, in 1990, 1996, 2001 and 2007. A sample of key messages from the 2007 report1 make for stark reading: warming of the climate system is unequivocal, as is now evident from observations of inc ...
... Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), has completed four comprehensive assessment reports to date, in 1990, 1996, 2001 and 2007. A sample of key messages from the 2007 report1 make for stark reading: warming of the climate system is unequivocal, as is now evident from observations of inc ...
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... potential climate-induced changes in the future supply of migratory waterfowl, and analyze possible adaptation strategies to address subsistence needs as waterfowl availability changes. The study region of far northwest Canadian is located in the northernmost part of the Western Boreal Forest, which ...
... potential climate-induced changes in the future supply of migratory waterfowl, and analyze possible adaptation strategies to address subsistence needs as waterfowl availability changes. The study region of far northwest Canadian is located in the northernmost part of the Western Boreal Forest, which ...
Non-Economic Loss and Damage Caused by Climatic
... Advanced Studies (BCAS) and made possible by the Asian Development Bank (ADB). This report feeds into ADB’s projects to support the implementation of the Bangladesh Climate Change Strategy Action Plan (BCCSAP) and in particular, items related to loss and damage. It is now widely accepted that mitiga ...
... Advanced Studies (BCAS) and made possible by the Asian Development Bank (ADB). This report feeds into ADB’s projects to support the implementation of the Bangladesh Climate Change Strategy Action Plan (BCCSAP) and in particular, items related to loss and damage. It is now widely accepted that mitiga ...
Climate Science, the Public and the News Media
... 2) Effective communication of climate science needs new ways of engaging with the public. Key findings from the focus groups and a review of the relevant literature on how communication of climate science through the news media might be improved are: • Cultural factors influence the way the public a ...
... 2) Effective communication of climate science needs new ways of engaging with the public. Key findings from the focus groups and a review of the relevant literature on how communication of climate science through the news media might be improved are: • Cultural factors influence the way the public a ...
disaster related human mobility within relevant pacific regional laws
... disasters, including extreme weather events, earthquakes, tsunamis and volcanic eruptions. There is mounting evidence that climate change is altering the patterns of weather‑related disasters globally, including slow onset events like droughts, sea level rise and rapid onset events like tropical cy ...
... disasters, including extreme weather events, earthquakes, tsunamis and volcanic eruptions. There is mounting evidence that climate change is altering the patterns of weather‑related disasters globally, including slow onset events like droughts, sea level rise and rapid onset events like tropical cy ...
Climate
... Wisconsin’s geographical setting gives rise to a rich set of climatic conditions that help shape our state’s environmental, social and economic resources. In the coming decades, we can anticipate that these influences on state resources will be affected in both expected and unexpected ways as our cl ...
... Wisconsin’s geographical setting gives rise to a rich set of climatic conditions that help shape our state’s environmental, social and economic resources. In the coming decades, we can anticipate that these influences on state resources will be affected in both expected and unexpected ways as our cl ...
mitigation commitments or actions
... outcomes shall be undertaken under the guidance of the COP and taking into account countries‘ national circumstances. Mitigation actions implemented by developing countries with their own resources (unilateral NAMAs) could be reported in national communications, enhancing the implementation of Art ...
... outcomes shall be undertaken under the guidance of the COP and taking into account countries‘ national circumstances. Mitigation actions implemented by developing countries with their own resources (unilateral NAMAs) could be reported in national communications, enhancing the implementation of Art ...
Protecting health from climate change: global research priorities
... already addressing relevant issues, such as vector control or air pollution. Improved risk assessment is necessary to inform decision-makers about the broad range of health impacts due to climate change at the international, national and local levels. Research in this field should build stronger bri ...
... already addressing relevant issues, such as vector control or air pollution. Improved risk assessment is necessary to inform decision-makers about the broad range of health impacts due to climate change at the international, national and local levels. Research in this field should build stronger bri ...