Tackling climate change at the local level
... Government to reducing carbon dioxide emissions by 3% every year. The Bill is crucial, because if we are to avoid climate change we must start cutting emissions immediately and sustain those cuts for at least the first half of this century. Carbon dioxide persists in the atmosphere for many years - ...
... Government to reducing carbon dioxide emissions by 3% every year. The Bill is crucial, because if we are to avoid climate change we must start cutting emissions immediately and sustain those cuts for at least the first half of this century. Carbon dioxide persists in the atmosphere for many years - ...
Climate Change pdf
... jetstream in addition to thermal changes in the structure of the atmosphere. Essentially, there is less energy in our atmospheric systems which means more stable atmosphere resulting in less intense winter storms (IOCI 2012). The signal of rainfall decline in South West WA is considered exceedingly ...
... jetstream in addition to thermal changes in the structure of the atmosphere. Essentially, there is less energy in our atmospheric systems which means more stable atmosphere resulting in less intense winter storms (IOCI 2012). The signal of rainfall decline in South West WA is considered exceedingly ...
History of climate modeling
... he global climate system functions to transport heat from the equator toward the poles. Therefore, climatology’s principal questions regard how much heat the Earth system retains, where the energy resides (in the oceans, atmosphere, land surfaces, etc.), how it is distributed, and how it circulates ...
... he global climate system functions to transport heat from the equator toward the poles. Therefore, climatology’s principal questions regard how much heat the Earth system retains, where the energy resides (in the oceans, atmosphere, land surfaces, etc.), how it is distributed, and how it circulates ...
Chapter 3 - UCLA: Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences
... • Equatorial upwelling results from divergence of ocean surface currents away from the equator. Water must rise from below to compensate. The divergence at the equator occurs due to effects of easterly winds and the Coriolis force (see Figure 3.10). • For the layer of warm water above the thermoclin ...
... • Equatorial upwelling results from divergence of ocean surface currents away from the equator. Water must rise from below to compensate. The divergence at the equator occurs due to effects of easterly winds and the Coriolis force (see Figure 3.10). • For the layer of warm water above the thermoclin ...
Powerpoint presentation (PPT file)
... more trees now than in the 1970s Increased diversity of food sources and livelihoods ...
... more trees now than in the 1970s Increased diversity of food sources and livelihoods ...
Summary - VU Research Portal
... et al. (2013b) with OTCs in the high Arctic. In Chapter 8 of this thesis, the results of our field experiments with manipulated climate factors on Crowberry, Heather and Cross‐leaved heather have been evaluated and discussed. We concluded that the response of Crowberry to manipulated ...
... et al. (2013b) with OTCs in the high Arctic. In Chapter 8 of this thesis, the results of our field experiments with manipulated climate factors on Crowberry, Heather and Cross‐leaved heather have been evaluated and discussed. We concluded that the response of Crowberry to manipulated ...
Architecture, Energy and Climate - Nordic Journal of Architectural
... Climate change predictions for Norway forecast an increase in outside temperature and precipitation (Lisø et al. 2003). This has the potential to increase the use of cooling equipment even more. A recent study tried to estimate energy implications of predicted climate change (Haase and Andresen 2009 ...
... Climate change predictions for Norway forecast an increase in outside temperature and precipitation (Lisø et al. 2003). This has the potential to increase the use of cooling equipment even more. A recent study tried to estimate energy implications of predicted climate change (Haase and Andresen 2009 ...
The UNFCCC process and National GHG inventories
... level of greenhouse gas emissions (GHG). Likewise, although within different processes these inventories are submitted to and assessed internationally through specific Convention mechanisms. The presentation discusses different requirements for developed, Annex I, and developing, non-Annex I, partie ...
... level of greenhouse gas emissions (GHG). Likewise, although within different processes these inventories are submitted to and assessed internationally through specific Convention mechanisms. The presentation discusses different requirements for developed, Annex I, and developing, non-Annex I, partie ...
The Role of Water Vapour in Earth`s Energy Flows
... Observations and modelling indicate that column integrated water vapour, averaged over sufficiently large scales, increases approximately exponentially with atmospheric temperature (Raval and Ramanathan 1989) as predicted by (1). The absorption of infra-red radiation by water vapour increases approx ...
... Observations and modelling indicate that column integrated water vapour, averaged over sufficiently large scales, increases approximately exponentially with atmospheric temperature (Raval and Ramanathan 1989) as predicted by (1). The absorption of infra-red radiation by water vapour increases approx ...
Transcript
... uncovers the surface below it which might be less reflective, and that causes additional warming, which melts more snow and it goes around and around.” DK: What’s happening in Minnesota fits with the global trends we’re seeing. Global temperatures are up about a degree and a half over the past centu ...
... uncovers the surface below it which might be less reflective, and that causes additional warming, which melts more snow and it goes around and around.” DK: What’s happening in Minnesota fits with the global trends we’re seeing. Global temperatures are up about a degree and a half over the past centu ...
How Australia compares on climate policy
... energy as Australia. China generated 21% of its electricity from renewables compared with 15% for Australia. Over the next three years China is expected to install enough solar power to power Australia.14 China has progressively increased its targets for renewable energy. The current Five-Year Plan ...
... energy as Australia. China generated 21% of its electricity from renewables compared with 15% for Australia. Over the next three years China is expected to install enough solar power to power Australia.14 China has progressively increased its targets for renewable energy. The current Five-Year Plan ...
Written Testimony - The National Academies of Sciences
... The basic conclusion of the 1999 paper by Dr. Mann and his colleagues was that the late 20th century warmth in the Northern Hemisphere was unprecedented during at least the last 1,000 years. This conclusion has subsequently been supported by an array of evidence that includes both additional large- ...
... The basic conclusion of the 1999 paper by Dr. Mann and his colleagues was that the late 20th century warmth in the Northern Hemisphere was unprecedented during at least the last 1,000 years. This conclusion has subsequently been supported by an array of evidence that includes both additional large- ...
Waves of Change: Climate Change in the Pacific Islands
... you've don't this to us and what are you going to do about it? I've been waiting for an answer quite some time and we are running out of time." --Anote Tong President of Kiribati “Doing ...
... you've don't this to us and what are you going to do about it? I've been waiting for an answer quite some time and we are running out of time." --Anote Tong President of Kiribati “Doing ...
3B.9 THE U.S. GLOBAL CLIMATE OBSERVING SYSTEM (GCOS
... planned workshop tentatively scheduled to take place in Lindenberg, Germany, in the February 2008 timeframe. Since water vapor is the most important greenhouse gas in our atmosphere, exhibiting large gradients in concentration and mixing ratio between the Earth’s surface and the upper troposphere/lo ...
... planned workshop tentatively scheduled to take place in Lindenberg, Germany, in the February 2008 timeframe. Since water vapor is the most important greenhouse gas in our atmosphere, exhibiting large gradients in concentration and mixing ratio between the Earth’s surface and the upper troposphere/lo ...
non-co2 greenhouse gas emissions from oil refineries
... No part of this book may be reproduced by any means, or transmitted or translated into a machine language without the written permission of the publisher. The information contained in this publication is provided as guidance only and while every reasonable care has been taken to ensure the accuracy ...
... No part of this book may be reproduced by any means, or transmitted or translated into a machine language without the written permission of the publisher. The information contained in this publication is provided as guidance only and while every reasonable care has been taken to ensure the accuracy ...
PDF
... men ratio are less likely to change variety as a coping strategy. Households in Amazonas and Cajamarca (forest departments) are more likely to change variety and are less likely to adopt non-agricultural strategies compared to households in San Martin. Households in La Libertad (Coastal) are less li ...
... men ratio are less likely to change variety as a coping strategy. Households in Amazonas and Cajamarca (forest departments) are more likely to change variety and are less likely to adopt non-agricultural strategies compared to households in San Martin. Households in La Libertad (Coastal) are less li ...
The social cost of atmospheric release
... the beneficial effects of CO2 fertilization at their maximum estimated effectiveness are excluded (Parry et al. 2004). I assume a mid-range effectiveness with 3 times more malnutrition cases for warming without CO2 fertilization, and an uncertainty of 100 % so that the maximum (6 times more) is cons ...
... the beneficial effects of CO2 fertilization at their maximum estimated effectiveness are excluded (Parry et al. 2004). I assume a mid-range effectiveness with 3 times more malnutrition cases for warming without CO2 fertilization, and an uncertainty of 100 % so that the maximum (6 times more) is cons ...
How Climate Change Is Affecting Life on Earth
... and they prompt questions about relationships and the factors that influence them. 2. Cause and effect: Mechanism and explanation. Events have causes, sometimes simple, sometimes multifaceted. A major activity of science is investigating and explaining causal relationships and the mechanisms by wh ...
... and they prompt questions about relationships and the factors that influence them. 2. Cause and effect: Mechanism and explanation. Events have causes, sometimes simple, sometimes multifaceted. A major activity of science is investigating and explaining causal relationships and the mechanisms by wh ...
Neelin, 2011. Climate Change and Climate Modeling, Cambridge
... •equation for balance of forces, energy inputs etc. for each box. •obtain the acceleration of the fluid in the box, its rate of change of temperature, etc. •from this compute the new velocity, temperature, etc. one time step later (e.g., twenty minutes for the atmosphere, hour for ocean). •equations ...
... •equation for balance of forces, energy inputs etc. for each box. •obtain the acceleration of the fluid in the box, its rate of change of temperature, etc. •from this compute the new velocity, temperature, etc. one time step later (e.g., twenty minutes for the atmosphere, hour for ocean). •equations ...
Tall tales and Fat tails: The science and economics of extreme
... the role of sea ice in the albedo feedback—this may be small for small increases in temperature, large for temperatures when the sea ice rapidly declines and smaller again when the area of remaining sea ice is small.) The foundation of some of the pdfs may make them them more relevant in the short t ...
... the role of sea ice in the albedo feedback—this may be small for small increases in temperature, large for temperatures when the sea ice rapidly declines and smaller again when the area of remaining sea ice is small.) The foundation of some of the pdfs may make them them more relevant in the short t ...
Click to edit Master title style Master title style
... stabilization of greenhouse gas concentrations in the atmosphere at a level that would prevent dangerous anthropogenic interference with the climate system. Such a level should be achieved within a time-frame sufficient to allow ecosystems to adapt naturally to climate change, to ensure that food pr ...
... stabilization of greenhouse gas concentrations in the atmosphere at a level that would prevent dangerous anthropogenic interference with the climate system. Such a level should be achieved within a time-frame sufficient to allow ecosystems to adapt naturally to climate change, to ensure that food pr ...
Climate Action Plan - Reporting Institutions
... The New College Environmental Studies Program (ESP) plans and supports academic activities reflecting general student interest and for students who pursue an area of concentration in environmental studies. Each year a class that is open to all students, Introduction to Environmental Studies, orients ...
... The New College Environmental Studies Program (ESP) plans and supports academic activities reflecting general student interest and for students who pursue an area of concentration in environmental studies. Each year a class that is open to all students, Introduction to Environmental Studies, orients ...
2014—2015 Annual Report
... it comes to climate change: we are all eyewitnesses now. Years back, during my Arctic expeditions, I experienced the early effects of a warming world in the forms of thin sea ice on the Arctic ocean and ice shelves disintegrating that took weeks or months to cross via ski or dogsled. News of the Ant ...
... it comes to climate change: we are all eyewitnesses now. Years back, during my Arctic expeditions, I experienced the early effects of a warming world in the forms of thin sea ice on the Arctic ocean and ice shelves disintegrating that took weeks or months to cross via ski or dogsled. News of the Ant ...
More than CO : a broader paradigm for managing climate change
... woodlands is lost. Likewise, it is almost impossible to plant forests over such vast areas and to expect them to survive under continually drying conditions. These factors make it imperative that policy actions prevent further large-scale or ad hoc deforestation in all biomes (not only carbon-rich t ...
... woodlands is lost. Likewise, it is almost impossible to plant forests over such vast areas and to expect them to survive under continually drying conditions. These factors make it imperative that policy actions prevent further large-scale or ad hoc deforestation in all biomes (not only carbon-rich t ...
Solar radiation management
Solar radiation management (SRM) projects (proposed and theoretical) are a type of climate engineering which seek to reflect sunlight and thus reduce global warming. Proposed examples include the creation of stratospheric sulfate aerosols. They would not reduce greenhouse gas concentrations in the atmosphere, and thus do not address problems such as ocean acidification caused by excess carbon dioxide (CO2). Their principal advantages as an approach to climate engineering is the speed with which they can be deployed and become fully active, as well as their potential low financial cost. By comparison, other climate engineering techniques based on greenhouse gas remediation, such as ocean iron fertilization, need to sequester the anthropogenic carbon excess before any reversal of global warming would occur. Solar radiation management projects can therefore be used as a climate engineering ""quick fix"" while levels of greenhouse gases can be brought under control by greenhouse gas remediation techniques.