Aiding Decision-Making to Reduce the Impacts of Climate Change
... Established in 1984, the Wharton Risk Management and Decision Processes Center develops and promotes effective corporate and public policies for low-probability events with potentially catastrophic consequences through the integration of risk assessment, and risk perception with risk management stra ...
... Established in 1984, the Wharton Risk Management and Decision Processes Center develops and promotes effective corporate and public policies for low-probability events with potentially catastrophic consequences through the integration of risk assessment, and risk perception with risk management stra ...
Extremes (M. Wehner, LLNL and UC Berkeley)
... • Pentad precipitation is preferred over daily. • Big storms often last longer than a day, but rarely more than 5 • 00:00 GMT may not be a convenient time • Seasonal is preferable over annual • Winter storms are different than summer storms! • Consecutive dry days is not really extreme. • A interest ...
... • Pentad precipitation is preferred over daily. • Big storms often last longer than a day, but rarely more than 5 • 00:00 GMT may not be a convenient time • Seasonal is preferable over annual • Winter storms are different than summer storms! • Consecutive dry days is not really extreme. • A interest ...
Clemmitt, "Climate change"
... “You can’t just do one thing and make it go away,” Patz says, so the spread into additional, warming regions would be a serious health threat. “The lesson for the future is that we need to take a multipronged approach to the health effects of climate change,” he continues. “Number one, we need a str ...
... “You can’t just do one thing and make it go away,” Patz says, so the spread into additional, warming regions would be a serious health threat. “The lesson for the future is that we need to take a multipronged approach to the health effects of climate change,” he continues. “Number one, we need a str ...
ppt
... cyclones can form. The water temperatures are generally too cool and the vertical wind shear too strong. The area is so devoid of tropical storm activity that no government agency has an official warning system for storms there, which is why this storm is unnamed.” ...
... cyclones can form. The water temperatures are generally too cool and the vertical wind shear too strong. The area is so devoid of tropical storm activity that no government agency has an official warning system for storms there, which is why this storm is unnamed.” ...
From efficiency to justice: utility as the informational basis of climate change strategies, and some alternatives: Working Paper 13 (418 kB) (opens in new window)
... are more pessimistic. Similarly, some studies are pessimistic about the economic cost of mitigation. Others are optimistic. Different researchers thus make different predictions in the face of uncertainty, illustrating in one way why uncertainty is relevant to ethical discussions of climate change ( ...
... are more pessimistic. Similarly, some studies are pessimistic about the economic cost of mitigation. Others are optimistic. Different researchers thus make different predictions in the face of uncertainty, illustrating in one way why uncertainty is relevant to ethical discussions of climate change ( ...
Lecture 4 – Greenhouse gases
... compare the abilities of different greenhouse gases to trap heat in the atmosphere. GWPs are based on the radiative efficiency (heat-absorbing ability) of each gas relative to that of carbon dioxide (CO2), as well as the decay rate of each gas (the amount removed from the atmosphere over a given num ...
... compare the abilities of different greenhouse gases to trap heat in the atmosphere. GWPs are based on the radiative efficiency (heat-absorbing ability) of each gas relative to that of carbon dioxide (CO2), as well as the decay rate of each gas (the amount removed from the atmosphere over a given num ...
Future climate in the Pacific Northwest
... as well, as shown in Figs. 8, 11 and 12, but we emphasize A1B and B1. Though B1 is the lowest of the IPCC illustrative scenarios, it still produces changes in climate that many scientists call “dangerous” (Schellnhuber et al. 2006)—a threshold that a growing number of political leaders have stated t ...
... as well, as shown in Figs. 8, 11 and 12, but we emphasize A1B and B1. Though B1 is the lowest of the IPCC illustrative scenarios, it still produces changes in climate that many scientists call “dangerous” (Schellnhuber et al. 2006)—a threshold that a growing number of political leaders have stated t ...
A climatic basis for microrefugia: the influence of terrain on climate
... and yet our understanding of them is quite limited. Most notably, we lack an understanding of the climatic basis for explaining their existence. Investigators commonly attribute their subsistence to the presence of ‘microclimates,’ and implicit assumption that spatial variation in climate can suppor ...
... and yet our understanding of them is quite limited. Most notably, we lack an understanding of the climatic basis for explaining their existence. Investigators commonly attribute their subsistence to the presence of ‘microclimates,’ and implicit assumption that spatial variation in climate can suppor ...
International governance mechanisms and actors
... “So I wouldn’t say that we have an overall climate strategy in the Nordic Council of ministers, we have many. We have the ACIA document, which we support the work with, we have the environmental ministers, they mention the ACIA work but then they also mention a few other strategies, and other things ...
... “So I wouldn’t say that we have an overall climate strategy in the Nordic Council of ministers, we have many. We have the ACIA document, which we support the work with, we have the environmental ministers, they mention the ACIA work but then they also mention a few other strategies, and other things ...
The Problem - CLIMsystems
... protected areas such as the Border Ranges. Prolonged drought increases the risk of fire. Forest fires are more likely when the soil is dry and when a lot of forest fuel (e.g. tonnes of wood per square km) is available. Once a fire has started (e.g. by lightning), the main atmospheric variables that ...
... protected areas such as the Border Ranges. Prolonged drought increases the risk of fire. Forest fires are more likely when the soil is dry and when a lot of forest fuel (e.g. tonnes of wood per square km) is available. Once a fire has started (e.g. by lightning), the main atmospheric variables that ...
May, 2008 - India Environment Portal
... and oranges is determined by the tastes revealed in the fruit market. But the value that should be attached to the well-being of future generations is not determined by tastes. It is a matter of ethical judgment. So does the money market reveal people’s ethical judgments about the value of future we ...
... and oranges is determined by the tastes revealed in the fruit market. But the value that should be attached to the well-being of future generations is not determined by tastes. It is a matter of ethical judgment. So does the money market reveal people’s ethical judgments about the value of future we ...
S TAT E O F T H E WO R... Into a Warming World 2 0
... play in providing information and analysis relevant to this question and has contributed to policy and political debates on acceptable levels of climate change since the 1980s.18 By the late 1980s the scientific community had begun to recognize that a warming of much more than 1–2 degrees Celsius ov ...
... play in providing information and analysis relevant to this question and has contributed to policy and political debates on acceptable levels of climate change since the 1980s.18 By the late 1980s the scientific community had begun to recognize that a warming of much more than 1–2 degrees Celsius ov ...
INTERACTIVE PDF INSTRUCTIONS
... the 1951 to 1980 average is depicted in Figure 1, and the increase in average oceanic heat content for depths of the 0-700 meter layer is depicted in Figure 2. The increase in oceanic heat content is notable because it takes a very large amount of energy to heat such a large volume of water. Global ...
... the 1951 to 1980 average is depicted in Figure 1, and the increase in average oceanic heat content for depths of the 0-700 meter layer is depicted in Figure 2. The increase in oceanic heat content is notable because it takes a very large amount of energy to heat such a large volume of water. Global ...
Nonstate Actors in the Climate Arena
... previously committed to restraining global temperatures to no more than a 2 degrees Celsius increase above pre-industrial levels, a level beyond which scientists fear “dangerous” consequences. Since the main greenhouse gas -- carbon dioxide -- persists in the atmosphere for about one hundred years, ...
... previously committed to restraining global temperatures to no more than a 2 degrees Celsius increase above pre-industrial levels, a level beyond which scientists fear “dangerous” consequences. Since the main greenhouse gas -- carbon dioxide -- persists in the atmosphere for about one hundred years, ...
Examples of adaptation for marine and coastal stakeholders
... Adaptation (SREX). The assessment concerns the interaction of climatic, environmental, and human factors that can lead to impacts and disasters, options for managing the risks posed by impacts and disasters, and the important role that non-climatic factors play in determining impacts. In March 2014, ...
... Adaptation (SREX). The assessment concerns the interaction of climatic, environmental, and human factors that can lead to impacts and disasters, options for managing the risks posed by impacts and disasters, and the important role that non-climatic factors play in determining impacts. In March 2014, ...
Changes in El Niño and La Niña teleconnections over North Pacific
... system is unequivocal.... Most of the observed increase in globally averaged temperatures since the mid-20th century is very likely due to the observed increase in anthropogenic greenhouse gas concentrations.”. A climate warmed as a result of human activity thus becomes part of the inevitable future ...
... system is unequivocal.... Most of the observed increase in globally averaged temperatures since the mid-20th century is very likely due to the observed increase in anthropogenic greenhouse gas concentrations.”. A climate warmed as a result of human activity thus becomes part of the inevitable future ...
Peatlands and flooding
... giant sponge absorbing rainfall, slowing its flow into into lower-lying ground. Sustainable management of our landscape holds the key to long-term flood reduction. By increasing the land s capacity to hold excess water, the risk of flooding could be reduced and we could save the misery and mess face ...
... giant sponge absorbing rainfall, slowing its flow into into lower-lying ground. Sustainable management of our landscape holds the key to long-term flood reduction. By increasing the land s capacity to hold excess water, the risk of flooding could be reduced and we could save the misery and mess face ...
WP4.2 - NCAS
... Study the mechanisms to assess the regional features of climate change, including changes that may result from a modification of the patterns of natural variability. In collaboration with RT5, research will be carried out to advance understanding of the mechanisms that govern modes of natural climat ...
... Study the mechanisms to assess the regional features of climate change, including changes that may result from a modification of the patterns of natural variability. In collaboration with RT5, research will be carried out to advance understanding of the mechanisms that govern modes of natural climat ...
Barbados Intended Nationally Determined Contribution
... of climate change and cognizant of the implications for its economic, social and environmental sectors, the Government of Barbados (GOB) ratified the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) in 1994 and the Kyoto Protocol in 2000. Since then, Barbados has actively participated ...
... of climate change and cognizant of the implications for its economic, social and environmental sectors, the Government of Barbados (GOB) ratified the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) in 1994 and the Kyoto Protocol in 2000. Since then, Barbados has actively participated ...
Understanding the Linkage of Climate Change Adaptation
... ‐ providing an enabling environment to achieve livelihood security and climate and disaster resiliency 3. Linking CCA, DRR and Development ‐determining priorities and identifying common linkages to address all issues together 4. High level government action on CCA and DRR ‐ necessary for mainstre ...
... ‐ providing an enabling environment to achieve livelihood security and climate and disaster resiliency 3. Linking CCA, DRR and Development ‐determining priorities and identifying common linkages to address all issues together 4. High level government action on CCA and DRR ‐ necessary for mainstre ...
Air Pollution Issues Associated
... resources, such as shale gas, economically feasible. In part due to expansion of operations to locations where the industry has never been active, emissions of air pollutants, along with other potential environmental and public health impacts, have come under increasing scrutiny. An overview of envi ...
... resources, such as shale gas, economically feasible. In part due to expansion of operations to locations where the industry has never been active, emissions of air pollutants, along with other potential environmental and public health impacts, have come under increasing scrutiny. An overview of envi ...
The added complications of climate change
... Figure 1a highlights four pathways illustrating how a single climatic change and a single stressor can affect species, populations, or ecosystems. Figure 1b illustrates these pathways in the example of native salmon populations affected by the climatic stressor of temperature increases and the exist ...
... Figure 1a highlights four pathways illustrating how a single climatic change and a single stressor can affect species, populations, or ecosystems. Figure 1b illustrates these pathways in the example of native salmon populations affected by the climatic stressor of temperature increases and the exist ...
PDF
... variables is unknown, but we follow the convention in the literature and model the climatic variables with linear and quadratic terms. The coefficient vector θ measures the “true” effect of climate on farmland values. Once these coefficients are estimated, they are used to simulate the impact of pro ...
... variables is unknown, but we follow the convention in the literature and model the climatic variables with linear and quadratic terms. The coefficient vector θ measures the “true” effect of climate on farmland values. Once these coefficients are estimated, they are used to simulate the impact of pro ...
Report on “Pakistan sey Paris” Climate Conference
... including Azad Jammu and Kashmir. It is beginning to manifest itself through increasing intensity and ferocity. He added that significant strides have been made in Pakistan for forwarding the Climate change agenda from being a stand-alone topic to one identifying itself as an integral element of the ...
... including Azad Jammu and Kashmir. It is beginning to manifest itself through increasing intensity and ferocity. He added that significant strides have been made in Pakistan for forwarding the Climate change agenda from being a stand-alone topic to one identifying itself as an integral element of the ...
Session 3 – Geography of impacts
... Freshwater availability in Central, South, East and Southeast Asia particularly in large river basins is projected to decrease due to climate change which, along with population growth and increasing demand arising from higher standards of living, could adversely affect more than a billion people by ...
... Freshwater availability in Central, South, East and Southeast Asia particularly in large river basins is projected to decrease due to climate change which, along with population growth and increasing demand arising from higher standards of living, could adversely affect more than a billion people by ...
Solar radiation management
Solar radiation management (SRM) projects (proposed and theoretical) are a type of climate engineering which seek to reflect sunlight and thus reduce global warming. Proposed examples include the creation of stratospheric sulfate aerosols. They would not reduce greenhouse gas concentrations in the atmosphere, and thus do not address problems such as ocean acidification caused by excess carbon dioxide (CO2). Their principal advantages as an approach to climate engineering is the speed with which they can be deployed and become fully active, as well as their potential low financial cost. By comparison, other climate engineering techniques based on greenhouse gas remediation, such as ocean iron fertilization, need to sequester the anthropogenic carbon excess before any reversal of global warming would occur. Solar radiation management projects can therefore be used as a climate engineering ""quick fix"" while levels of greenhouse gases can be brought under control by greenhouse gas remediation techniques.