Exploring negative territory Carbon dioxide removal and climate
... time’ suggests time will be spent in developing alternatives and preparing a greater emissions reduction effort in the future. But it might simply be an excuse for deferring inconvenient societal adjustment. Reduced costs or the possibility of attaining a lower initial stabilization target sound gre ...
... time’ suggests time will be spent in developing alternatives and preparing a greater emissions reduction effort in the future. But it might simply be an excuse for deferring inconvenient societal adjustment. Reduced costs or the possibility of attaining a lower initial stabilization target sound gre ...
Adapting Environmental Law to the impacts of climate change
... a result of the climate-related environmental changes, these instruments must now be adapted if they are to continue achieving their protection objectives. However, the protection objectives too may have to be reviewed to ascertain whether and to what extent they still correspond to the changed refe ...
... a result of the climate-related environmental changes, these instruments must now be adapted if they are to continue achieving their protection objectives. However, the protection objectives too may have to be reviewed to ascertain whether and to what extent they still correspond to the changed refe ...
Impacts and adaptation of European crop production systems to
... and climate change on agriculture in Europe was distributed to agro-climatic and agronomy experts in 26 countries. Europe was divided into 13 Environmental Zones (EZ). In total, we had 50 individual responses for specific EZ. The questionnaires provided both country and EZ specific information on th ...
... and climate change on agriculture in Europe was distributed to agro-climatic and agronomy experts in 26 countries. Europe was divided into 13 Environmental Zones (EZ). In total, we had 50 individual responses for specific EZ. The questionnaires provided both country and EZ specific information on th ...
(2007) Interactions between climate change and contaminants
... intensity and frequency of storms is also projected to be a consequence of temperature rise forced by CO2 emissions, as is sea level rise. Although the IPCC predicts only a fraction of meter in sea-level rise for the coming century, Hansen et al. (2007) warn that a much more rapid rise may be in sto ...
... intensity and frequency of storms is also projected to be a consequence of temperature rise forced by CO2 emissions, as is sea level rise. Although the IPCC predicts only a fraction of meter in sea-level rise for the coming century, Hansen et al. (2007) warn that a much more rapid rise may be in sto ...
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... discount rate. Because the potential benefits from mitigation accrue many centuries into the future, even small changes in the discount rate can have a large effect on the appropriate emissions price. We approach climate change as a standard asset pricing problem. Carbon in the atmosphere is an ‘ass ...
... discount rate. Because the potential benefits from mitigation accrue many centuries into the future, even small changes in the discount rate can have a large effect on the appropriate emissions price. We approach climate change as a standard asset pricing problem. Carbon in the atmosphere is an ‘ass ...
Global megatrends - Eionet Forum
... GMT 1: Diverging global population trends The world population may rise beyond 9.6 billion by 2050, despite the rate of growth slowing. Most of the increase will occur in developing-world urban areas, particularly slums and ...
... GMT 1: Diverging global population trends The world population may rise beyond 9.6 billion by 2050, despite the rate of growth slowing. Most of the increase will occur in developing-world urban areas, particularly slums and ...
Newsletter of the Atmospheric Sciences Section
... http://climate.envsci.rutgers.edu/Cuba/ The other most significant accomplishment is my contribution to the understanding of the effects of volcanic eruptions on climate, including the winter warming phenomenon. These results are summarized in my most highly cited paper, Robock [2000], and since the ...
... http://climate.envsci.rutgers.edu/Cuba/ The other most significant accomplishment is my contribution to the understanding of the effects of volcanic eruptions on climate, including the winter warming phenomenon. These results are summarized in my most highly cited paper, Robock [2000], and since the ...
Kyoto Protocol: an introduction
... Annex I parties; and the Clean Development Mechanism (CDM), which allows for emission reduction projects to be implemented in non-Annex I parties (developing countries). Although the United States – the country most responsible for climate change – rejected the Kyoto Protocol in 2001 after the elect ...
... Annex I parties; and the Clean Development Mechanism (CDM), which allows for emission reduction projects to be implemented in non-Annex I parties (developing countries). Although the United States – the country most responsible for climate change – rejected the Kyoto Protocol in 2001 after the elect ...
Evaluating the climate and air quality impacts of short
... where surface warming was reduced by about 0.3 K and precipitation rates were increased by about 15 (6–21) mm yr−1 (more than 4 % of total precipitation) from spring to autumn. Thus, the mitigation could help to alleviate expected future drought and water shortages in the Mediterranean area. We also ...
... where surface warming was reduced by about 0.3 K and precipitation rates were increased by about 15 (6–21) mm yr−1 (more than 4 % of total precipitation) from spring to autumn. Thus, the mitigation could help to alleviate expected future drought and water shortages in the Mediterranean area. We also ...
alexander b. polonsky
... instrumental measurements instead of visual estimation using the Beaufort scale. It results in artificial positive trends (see for example, [Isemer and Hasse, 1991]). Actually, wind speed data, obtained using the Beaufort scale, underestimate the wind speed. The instrumental measurements began at th ...
... instrumental measurements instead of visual estimation using the Beaufort scale. It results in artificial positive trends (see for example, [Isemer and Hasse, 1991]). Actually, wind speed data, obtained using the Beaufort scale, underestimate the wind speed. The instrumental measurements began at th ...
From: Pielke Sr., RA, G. Marland, RA Betts, TN Chase, JL Eastman
... methane (CH4), nitrous oxide (N2O) and other important agents and mechanisms, together with the typical geographical extent (spatial scale) of the forcing and the assessed level of scientific understanding (LOSU). The net anthropogenic radiative forcing and its range are also shown. These require su ...
... methane (CH4), nitrous oxide (N2O) and other important agents and mechanisms, together with the typical geographical extent (spatial scale) of the forcing and the assessed level of scientific understanding (LOSU). The net anthropogenic radiative forcing and its range are also shown. These require su ...
Linking global and local scales: designing dynamic
... example of carbon release in the Amazonian rainforest. Global market forces and Brazilian national economic and development policies in#uence local rates of deforestation, and thus local release of carbon dioxide. This local release contributes to global climate change (with heterogeneous local impa ...
... example of carbon release in the Amazonian rainforest. Global market forces and Brazilian national economic and development policies in#uence local rates of deforestation, and thus local release of carbon dioxide. This local release contributes to global climate change (with heterogeneous local impa ...
CHAPTER 3: Climate for Change? Civil Society and the Politics of Global Warming
... think tanks such as the US-based Cato Institute and Heartland.org, which continue to campaign actively against the Kyoto Protocol and the ‘scare tactics’ of environmentalists by advocating an ‘evidence-based’ and ‘balanced’ environmental policy. Likewise, the Competitive Enterprise Institute promote ...
... think tanks such as the US-based Cato Institute and Heartland.org, which continue to campaign actively against the Kyoto Protocol and the ‘scare tactics’ of environmentalists by advocating an ‘evidence-based’ and ‘balanced’ environmental policy. Likewise, the Competitive Enterprise Institute promote ...
Toward a conceptual synthesis for climate change responses
... 1.2.b. Plasticity in navigational behaviours or other habitat-related traits can drive sudden shifts in the spatial distribution of individuals in response to climate change 2. Hypotheses for how systematic change in processes determines long-term persistence 2.1. Rapid population growth in a changi ...
... 1.2.b. Plasticity in navigational behaviours or other habitat-related traits can drive sudden shifts in the spatial distribution of individuals in response to climate change 2. Hypotheses for how systematic change in processes determines long-term persistence 2.1. Rapid population growth in a changi ...
Climate change tendencies observable in the rainfall
... has not been attempted before. A project comparison has not been performed in this project. In the scope of the research project “Studies of heavy rainfall in North Rhine – Westphalia based on extreme statistics” (ExUS), supported by the Ministry of the Environment and Conservation, Agriculture and ...
... has not been attempted before. A project comparison has not been performed in this project. In the scope of the research project “Studies of heavy rainfall in North Rhine – Westphalia based on extreme statistics” (ExUS), supported by the Ministry of the Environment and Conservation, Agriculture and ...
NASA Products to Enhance Energy Utility Load Forecasting
... for sustained use of NASA resources by energy utilities nationwide, in a variety of load forecasting tools. Climate Change Investigation: Assess NASA climate data, model products, and projections to identify those of potential value to utilities for long-term (seasonal to 40 years) planning. For exa ...
... for sustained use of NASA resources by energy utilities nationwide, in a variety of load forecasting tools. Climate Change Investigation: Assess NASA climate data, model products, and projections to identify those of potential value to utilities for long-term (seasonal to 40 years) planning. For exa ...
Coral Reef Monitoring for Climate Change Impact Assessment and
... Coral reefs represent a coastal ecosystem of great economic and social importance to the countries of the Caribbean. As elsewhere, the coral reefs of the area are expected to have a low to moderate vulnerability to climate change, but are likely to experience extreme stresses from local land-based h ...
... Coral reefs represent a coastal ecosystem of great economic and social importance to the countries of the Caribbean. As elsewhere, the coral reefs of the area are expected to have a low to moderate vulnerability to climate change, but are likely to experience extreme stresses from local land-based h ...
Quantifying the impacts of land surface schemes and dynamic
... the original work is properly cited, the use is non-commercial and no modifications or adaptations are made. ...
... the original work is properly cited, the use is non-commercial and no modifications or adaptations are made. ...
Türkiye Teknik Ka**d*-Non-Paper
... 9. Given that the COP, at its eighteenth session, urged Parties to support Turkey included in Annex II to the Convention which are in a position to do so, to provide support to Turkey in conjunction with its special circumstances and that Turkey has been benefiting from various financial support mec ...
... 9. Given that the COP, at its eighteenth session, urged Parties to support Turkey included in Annex II to the Convention which are in a position to do so, to provide support to Turkey in conjunction with its special circumstances and that Turkey has been benefiting from various financial support mec ...
Circum-Pacific arc flare-ups and global cooling near the Eocene
... concentration is modulated via evapotranspiration and precipitation. However, the emission of SO2 into the stratosphere may have a significant climatic effect because SO2 reacts with OH and H2O to form H2SO4 aerosols (Robock, 2000). Partly frozen sulfate aerosol droplets in the stratosphere are abou ...
... concentration is modulated via evapotranspiration and precipitation. However, the emission of SO2 into the stratosphere may have a significant climatic effect because SO2 reacts with OH and H2O to form H2SO4 aerosols (Robock, 2000). Partly frozen sulfate aerosol droplets in the stratosphere are abou ...
The Keystone XL Tar Sands Pipeline Hinders Climate
... United States has peaked and will remain flat for the next two decades. Building Keystone XL, however, would eliminate the benefits that efficiency standards will bring to the climate. For example, the standards that would cut greenhouse gas emissions by up to 20 percent by 2018 from medium- to heav ...
... United States has peaked and will remain flat for the next two decades. Building Keystone XL, however, would eliminate the benefits that efficiency standards will bring to the climate. For example, the standards that would cut greenhouse gas emissions by up to 20 percent by 2018 from medium- to heav ...
Considerations for Addressing Climate Change
... emergency, medical and educational services, delays in delivery of goods and services and lost productivity. As climatic conditions change there is potential for increased disruption to transportation systems especially from extreme weather events. Understanding risks and impacts to transportation f ...
... emergency, medical and educational services, delays in delivery of goods and services and lost productivity. As climatic conditions change there is potential for increased disruption to transportation systems especially from extreme weather events. Understanding risks and impacts to transportation f ...
Climate Change and Water in Southeast Asia
... Countries Knowledge Sharing and Exchange Exchanging Information and Creation Awareness in a Structured ...
... Countries Knowledge Sharing and Exchange Exchanging Information and Creation Awareness in a Structured ...
Solar radiation management
Solar radiation management (SRM) projects (proposed and theoretical) are a type of climate engineering which seek to reflect sunlight and thus reduce global warming. Proposed examples include the creation of stratospheric sulfate aerosols. They would not reduce greenhouse gas concentrations in the atmosphere, and thus do not address problems such as ocean acidification caused by excess carbon dioxide (CO2). Their principal advantages as an approach to climate engineering is the speed with which they can be deployed and become fully active, as well as their potential low financial cost. By comparison, other climate engineering techniques based on greenhouse gas remediation, such as ocean iron fertilization, need to sequester the anthropogenic carbon excess before any reversal of global warming would occur. Solar radiation management projects can therefore be used as a climate engineering ""quick fix"" while levels of greenhouse gases can be brought under control by greenhouse gas remediation techniques.