Seasonal Variations in Diurnal Temperature Range From Satellites
... moisture have also an impact on the observed trends in DTR. Several recent studies based on climate model simulations suggest that DTR changes may be due to the effects of humaninduced increase in atmospheric greenhouse gases (CO2 ) and sulfate aerosols [8]–[10]; however, Zhao and Pitman [11] point ...
... moisture have also an impact on the observed trends in DTR. Several recent studies based on climate model simulations suggest that DTR changes may be due to the effects of humaninduced increase in atmospheric greenhouse gases (CO2 ) and sulfate aerosols [8]–[10]; however, Zhao and Pitman [11] point ...
Common Concern and Global Public Goods: Evidence, Bits and
... comment. These papers have not been formally edited. Citations should refer to an “NCCR Trade Working Paper”, with appropriate reference made to the author(s). Research for this paper was funded by the Swiss National Science Foundation under a grant to the National Centre of Competence in Research o ...
... comment. These papers have not been formally edited. Citations should refer to an “NCCR Trade Working Paper”, with appropriate reference made to the author(s). Research for this paper was funded by the Swiss National Science Foundation under a grant to the National Centre of Competence in Research o ...
Technical Summary - Climate Change 2013
... Climate Change 2013: The Physical Science Basis is the contribution of Working Group I (WGI) to the Fifth Assessment Report (AR5) of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC). This comprehensive assessment of the physical aspects of climate change puts a focus on those elements that are r ...
... Climate Change 2013: The Physical Science Basis is the contribution of Working Group I (WGI) to the Fifth Assessment Report (AR5) of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC). This comprehensive assessment of the physical aspects of climate change puts a focus on those elements that are r ...
Mid-21st century projections in temperature extremes in
... Mearns et al. 2009). The experimental design of NARCCAP RCMs restricts us to assess only the mid-century (2041–2070) projections. As compared to the daily mean temperature, there is very limited assessment of projected changes in Tmin and Tmax in the prevailing literature, including the examination ...
... Mearns et al. 2009). The experimental design of NARCCAP RCMs restricts us to assess only the mid-century (2041–2070) projections. As compared to the daily mean temperature, there is very limited assessment of projected changes in Tmin and Tmax in the prevailing literature, including the examination ...
Australia and New Zealand
... In New Zealand, mean air temperatures have increased by 1.0°C over the period 1855 to 2004, and by 0.4°C since 1950 (NIWA, 2005). Local sea surface temperatures have risen by 0.7°C since 1871 (Folland et al., 2003). From 1951 to 1996, the number of cold nights and frosts declined by 10-20 days/yr (S ...
... In New Zealand, mean air temperatures have increased by 1.0°C over the period 1855 to 2004, and by 0.4°C since 1950 (NIWA, 2005). Local sea surface temperatures have risen by 0.7°C since 1871 (Folland et al., 2003). From 1951 to 1996, the number of cold nights and frosts declined by 10-20 days/yr (S ...
Inclusion of ecologically based trait variation in plant functional types
... without needing to invoke mechanistic processes that are not fully quantified or understood. By quantifying the relationships between observed variation in community mean traits and their environmental drivers and incorporating these into DGVMs, traits can be adjusted every year within the model, al ...
... without needing to invoke mechanistic processes that are not fully quantified or understood. By quantifying the relationships between observed variation in community mean traits and their environmental drivers and incorporating these into DGVMs, traits can be adjusted every year within the model, al ...
Erler, A.R., Peltier, W.R., dOrgeville, M. Dynamically downscaled
... (CORDEX; Giorgi et al. 2009) is now also encouraging the use of higher resolutions, close to 10 km or finer (Arritt and Rummukainen 2011). While it is relatively simple to perform regional climate simulations with reanalysis data as boundary forcing, downscaling climate projections is more challengi ...
... (CORDEX; Giorgi et al. 2009) is now also encouraging the use of higher resolutions, close to 10 km or finer (Arritt and Rummukainen 2011). While it is relatively simple to perform regional climate simulations with reanalysis data as boundary forcing, downscaling climate projections is more challengi ...
Reasonably foreseeable futures
... As the most significant piece of federal legislation guiding environmental analysis and decision-making, the National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA) clearly has a role to play in how projects with a federal nexus prepare for climate change. Since climate change is one of the most important environm ...
... As the most significant piece of federal legislation guiding environmental analysis and decision-making, the National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA) clearly has a role to play in how projects with a federal nexus prepare for climate change. Since climate change is one of the most important environm ...
Safeguarding the Arctic - Center for American Progress
... 80 percent of coal reserves.36 Experts conclude that nations could achieve the emission reductions needed to stay below the 2 degrees threshold by widely implementing a handful of affordable policies through 2030—ranging from adopting better efficiency standards for vehicles and eliminating fossil-f ...
... 80 percent of coal reserves.36 Experts conclude that nations could achieve the emission reductions needed to stay below the 2 degrees threshold by widely implementing a handful of affordable policies through 2030—ranging from adopting better efficiency standards for vehicles and eliminating fossil-f ...
On the Climate Crisis, It`s Donald Trump the World
... http://www.huffingtonpost.ca/2016/04/22/pm-andother-leaders-sign-paris-climate-change-accord-at-untoday_n_9757130.html ...
... http://www.huffingtonpost.ca/2016/04/22/pm-andother-leaders-sign-paris-climate-change-accord-at-untoday_n_9757130.html ...
ADB-40253-012_Final
... This consultant’s report does not necessarily reflect the views of ADB or the Government concerned, and ADB and the Government cannot be held liable for its contents. (For project preparatory technical assistance: All the views expressed herein may not be incorporated into the proposed project’s des ...
... This consultant’s report does not necessarily reflect the views of ADB or the Government concerned, and ADB and the Government cannot be held liable for its contents. (For project preparatory technical assistance: All the views expressed herein may not be incorporated into the proposed project’s des ...
Title Climate Change-4 - Pakistan Institute of Development Economics
... known as United Nations Conference on Environment & Development (UNCED). Pakistan was part of the 1992 Earth Summit held at Rio de Janeiro (Brazil). The basic theme of the conference was sustainable economic development keeping in view the environmental dilapidation. Pakistan signed the United Natio ...
... known as United Nations Conference on Environment & Development (UNCED). Pakistan was part of the 1992 Earth Summit held at Rio de Janeiro (Brazil). The basic theme of the conference was sustainable economic development keeping in view the environmental dilapidation. Pakistan signed the United Natio ...
ADAPTATION OPTIONS IN AGRICULTURE TO CLIMATE CHANGE
... scenarios usually focus on the changes in average (mean) temperature and moisture. Some have also considered other climate characteristics such as the growing season length and the timing of frosts, and climate-related factors such as pests and diseases, invariably for an average year sometime in th ...
... scenarios usually focus on the changes in average (mean) temperature and moisture. Some have also considered other climate characteristics such as the growing season length and the timing of frosts, and climate-related factors such as pests and diseases, invariably for an average year sometime in th ...
The social cost of carbon: Valuation estimates and
... model estimates of the SCC include different coverage. More importantly, the risk matrix coverage shows the uncertainty in the SCC values concerns not only the ‘true’ value of impacts in the models, but also uncertainty about impacts that have not yet been quantified and valued. An immediate conclus ...
... model estimates of the SCC include different coverage. More importantly, the risk matrix coverage shows the uncertainty in the SCC values concerns not only the ‘true’ value of impacts in the models, but also uncertainty about impacts that have not yet been quantified and valued. An immediate conclus ...
health perspectives
... the frequency of hot days (Tables ES-1 and ES-2) and the associated increase in heat stress will likely lead to more heat injuries and deaths. Based on the assumption that the mortality rate is related to the projected increase in the number of days where maximum temperature is greater than 95oF and ...
... the frequency of hot days (Tables ES-1 and ES-2) and the associated increase in heat stress will likely lead to more heat injuries and deaths. Based on the assumption that the mortality rate is related to the projected increase in the number of days where maximum temperature is greater than 95oF and ...
World Wide Fund for Nature-Pakistan Climate Change in the
... in extremes of temperatures are also consistent with a climate warming. 75% of all land regions in the mid-latitudes, for which data is available show a widespread decrease in the number of frost days and cold extremes as well as an increase of warm extremes (10% percentile of 1961-1991). While in t ...
... in extremes of temperatures are also consistent with a climate warming. 75% of all land regions in the mid-latitudes, for which data is available show a widespread decrease in the number of frost days and cold extremes as well as an increase of warm extremes (10% percentile of 1961-1991). While in t ...
Obliquity pacing of the late Pleistocene glacial terminations
... 100ky variability4 , but it is difficult to see the climatic significance of such modulations. Instead, we suggest that the climate state skips one or two obliquity beats prior to deglaciating, thus giving quantized glacial cycle durations of either 80 or 120ky. A speculative scenario is for increa ...
... 100ky variability4 , but it is difficult to see the climatic significance of such modulations. Instead, we suggest that the climate state skips one or two obliquity beats prior to deglaciating, thus giving quantized glacial cycle durations of either 80 or 120ky. A speculative scenario is for increa ...
Climate Change Adaptation Discussion Paper MS Word
... The City of Melbourne produced its Climate Change Adaptation Strategy in 2009 (the strategy), which provides a detailed climate change risk assessment for the City of Melbourne and the community. Since 2009, the City of Melbourne has achieved a lot and implemented most of the actions identified in t ...
... The City of Melbourne produced its Climate Change Adaptation Strategy in 2009 (the strategy), which provides a detailed climate change risk assessment for the City of Melbourne and the community. Since 2009, the City of Melbourne has achieved a lot and implemented most of the actions identified in t ...
Climate Volatility and Change in Central Asia: Economic Impacts
... for Central Asia’s predominantly rural population, especially for the poor. Agricultural production, being sensitive to weather shocks and climate volatility, may suffer from climate change if no adaptive actions are taken. Taking these into account, the present study seeks to estimate the potential ...
... for Central Asia’s predominantly rural population, especially for the poor. Agricultural production, being sensitive to weather shocks and climate volatility, may suffer from climate change if no adaptive actions are taken. Taking these into account, the present study seeks to estimate the potential ...
The Critical Decade 2013
... ecosystems upon which our economy and society depends. Whereas the consequences of climate change were once a matter for the future, as the climate shifts we are already experiencing the consequences. The progress over the last two years adds a greater richness and depth to our understanding and fur ...
... ecosystems upon which our economy and society depends. Whereas the consequences of climate change were once a matter for the future, as the climate shifts we are already experiencing the consequences. The progress over the last two years adds a greater richness and depth to our understanding and fur ...
AN ASSESSMEN T OF THE ECONOMIC IMPACT OF CLIMATE LIMITED
... Climate change is a naturally occurring phenomenon in which the earth‘s climate goes through cycles of warming and cooling; these changes usually take place incrementally over millennia. Over the past century, there has been an anomalous increase in global temperature, giving rise to accelerated cli ...
... Climate change is a naturally occurring phenomenon in which the earth‘s climate goes through cycles of warming and cooling; these changes usually take place incrementally over millennia. Over the past century, there has been an anomalous increase in global temperature, giving rise to accelerated cli ...
Module 1: Introduction to climate change in the context of
... Set up jointly in 1988 by the United Nations Environment Programme and the World Meteorological Organisation, the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) concluded in its fourth Scientific Assessment that most of the observed increase in globally averaged temperatures since the mid-20th cen ...
... Set up jointly in 1988 by the United Nations Environment Programme and the World Meteorological Organisation, the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) concluded in its fourth Scientific Assessment that most of the observed increase in globally averaged temperatures since the mid-20th cen ...
LCCARL398_en.pdf
... scenario, the estimated rice yield fell by approximately 3 per cent by the 2050s; however, under the B2 scenario, the potential rice yield would be expected to rise by approximately 2 per cent during the same period. The estimated output for all other crops was expected to fall by approximately 12 p ...
... scenario, the estimated rice yield fell by approximately 3 per cent by the 2050s; however, under the B2 scenario, the potential rice yield would be expected to rise by approximately 2 per cent during the same period. The estimated output for all other crops was expected to fall by approximately 12 p ...
Warming Impact—Disease - Open Evidence Archive
... plus many other organizations, including the I ntergovernmental P anel on C limate C hange, which was established by the United Nations and the World Meteorological Organization to provide the world with "a clear scientific view" on climate change. The only real debate is about how fast warming will ...
... plus many other organizations, including the I ntergovernmental P anel on C limate C hange, which was established by the United Nations and the World Meteorological Organization to provide the world with "a clear scientific view" on climate change. The only real debate is about how fast warming will ...
Climatic Research Unit documents
Climatic Research Unit documents including thousands of e-mails and other computer files were stolen from a server at the Climatic Research Unit of the University of East Anglia in a hacking incident in November 2009. The documents were redistributed first through the blogosphere of global warming skeptics, and allegations were made that they indicated misconduct by leading climate scientists. A series of investigations rejected these allegations, while concluding that CRU scientists should have been more open with distributing data and methods on request. Precisely six committees investigated the allegations and published reports, finding no evidence of fraud or scientific misconduct. The scientific consensus that global warming is occurring as a result of human activity remained unchanged by the end of the investigations.The incident occurred shortly before the opening December 2009 Copenhagen global climate summit. It has prompted general discussion about increasing the openness of scientific data (though the majority of climate data have always been freely available). Scientists, scientific organisations, and government officials have stated that the incident does not affect the overall scientific case for climate change. Andrew Revkin reported in the New York Times that ""The evidence pointing to a growing human contribution to global warming is so widely accepted that the hacked material is unlikely to erode the overall argument.""