Chaparral - California Climate Commons
... Wildfire: Both the frequency and annual area burned by wildfires in the western U.S. have increased strongly over the last several decades (Westerling et al. 2006). Fire severity in the Sierra Nevada al ...
... Wildfire: Both the frequency and annual area burned by wildfires in the western U.S. have increased strongly over the last several decades (Westerling et al. 2006). Fire severity in the Sierra Nevada al ...
Distribution-wide effects of climate on population densities of a
... C. americanus populations showed first-order density dependence, eight populations showed second-order density dependence, and two showed third-order density dependence. The lagged NAO climate parameter entered the best-fit population model for eight cuckoo populations, all in the southern and easte ...
... C. americanus populations showed first-order density dependence, eight populations showed second-order density dependence, and two showed third-order density dependence. The lagged NAO climate parameter entered the best-fit population model for eight cuckoo populations, all in the southern and easte ...
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... considering two greenhouse gas emissions scenarios and three future points in time. The three global climate models that were used in this study were the Canadian General Circulation Model 2 by the Canadian Centre for Climate Modeling and Analysis (CCCMA-CGCM2; Flato et al., 2000; Kim et al., 2003), ...
... considering two greenhouse gas emissions scenarios and three future points in time. The three global climate models that were used in this study were the Canadian General Circulation Model 2 by the Canadian Centre for Climate Modeling and Analysis (CCCMA-CGCM2; Flato et al., 2000; Kim et al., 2003), ...
The language of climate change adaptation
... doing this, we have drawn mainly on the strategies reviewed in our comparative analysis of adaptation strategies. We have also considered evidence from a small number of other sources of information on climate change, and have elicited expert opinion. We drew mainly on high-level strategy documents ...
... doing this, we have drawn mainly on the strategies reviewed in our comparative analysis of adaptation strategies. We have also considered evidence from a small number of other sources of information on climate change, and have elicited expert opinion. We drew mainly on high-level strategy documents ...
A Mitigation-Based Rationale for Incorporating a Climate Change
... The statutes and regulations that govern Interior’s management of public lands provide other, and potentially even more forceful, sources for a duty to mitigate upstream and downstream greenhouse gas emissions and associated climate change impacts arising from the federal coal leasing program. Pursu ...
... The statutes and regulations that govern Interior’s management of public lands provide other, and potentially even more forceful, sources for a duty to mitigate upstream and downstream greenhouse gas emissions and associated climate change impacts arising from the federal coal leasing program. Pursu ...
Israel Country report 2013
... which new developments may be expected. Flexibility is therefore of the utmost importance and an approach is needed that can be rapidly adapted on the basis of the changing needs and moving opportunities. This situation was taken into account with the development of a simple, flexible and participat ...
... which new developments may be expected. Flexibility is therefore of the utmost importance and an approach is needed that can be rapidly adapted on the basis of the changing needs and moving opportunities. This situation was taken into account with the development of a simple, flexible and participat ...
teacher`s guide - Earth Day Network
... What we know about climate change today far exceeds what we knew ten or even just five years ago. It is a constantly developing and highly interdisciplinary field of study, relevant to modern living as well as students’ future prospects. Climate education is not only important for students, but also ...
... What we know about climate change today far exceeds what we knew ten or even just five years ago. It is a constantly developing and highly interdisciplinary field of study, relevant to modern living as well as students’ future prospects. Climate education is not only important for students, but also ...
quently harden the coat. However, this coat-
... latter half of the 20th century. Each component has increased its heat content (the atmosphere and the ocean) or exhibited melting (the cryosphere). The estimated increase of observed global ocean heat content (over the depth range from 0 to 3000 meters) between the 1950s and 1990s is at least one o ...
... latter half of the 20th century. Each component has increased its heat content (the atmosphere and the ocean) or exhibited melting (the cryosphere). The estimated increase of observed global ocean heat content (over the depth range from 0 to 3000 meters) between the 1950s and 1990s is at least one o ...
Global Change in Local Places: How Scale Matters
... global models, even though these have little regional or local specificity. There has been a growing interest, however, in considering a bottom-up approach, asking such questions as how local places contribute to global climate change, how those contributions change over time, what drives such chang ...
... global models, even though these have little regional or local specificity. There has been a growing interest, however, in considering a bottom-up approach, asking such questions as how local places contribute to global climate change, how those contributions change over time, what drives such chang ...
Exxon`s Climate Footprint
... change. Other GCC members, such as Ford, General Motors, Shell and BP, left the Coalition as the scientific consensus on climate change became stronger. Exxon and the then separate Mobil both remained members until the group was disbanded.14 ExxonMobil also took part in planning a $6 million America ...
... change. Other GCC members, such as Ford, General Motors, Shell and BP, left the Coalition as the scientific consensus on climate change became stronger. Exxon and the then separate Mobil both remained members until the group was disbanded.14 ExxonMobil also took part in planning a $6 million America ...
3.47 MB - Asian Development Bank
... Climate change will also make the plains hotter and drier. In the future, water shortage will be a serious problem for national economy and environment. The need of water will increase at the same time when the river discharges will diminish. This situation may generate water management disputes and ...
... Climate change will also make the plains hotter and drier. In the future, water shortage will be a serious problem for national economy and environment. The need of water will increase at the same time when the river discharges will diminish. This situation may generate water management disputes and ...
Climate Change and Poverty
... smaller ones in Extra-tropical regions, what in turn will seriously affect crop yields and the availability of water for human consumption, energy production and irrigation. These predicted changes in rainfall patterns have been confirmed by observations throughout the region. Moreover, climate mode ...
... smaller ones in Extra-tropical regions, what in turn will seriously affect crop yields and the availability of water for human consumption, energy production and irrigation. These predicted changes in rainfall patterns have been confirmed by observations throughout the region. Moreover, climate mode ...
Climate Change Makes Success in U.S. Strategy Harder to Achieve
... The caveat to climate-related disasters though is that, for all of our expectations of the impact of climate change, there is no one event—past or future—that we can point to and say was caused by climate change. Part of this is just the nature of climate change, since it may make specific weather e ...
... The caveat to climate-related disasters though is that, for all of our expectations of the impact of climate change, there is no one event—past or future—that we can point to and say was caused by climate change. Part of this is just the nature of climate change, since it may make specific weather e ...
Polar Bear Propaganda - Frontier Centre For Public Policy
... bear demise assume the temperature projections of the IPCC are correct. They are not, because they are based on incorrect assumptions, primarily the assumption that an increase in CO2 causes an temperature increase. It is necessary to understand how this came about to put the polar bear story in con ...
... bear demise assume the temperature projections of the IPCC are correct. They are not, because they are based on incorrect assumptions, primarily the assumption that an increase in CO2 causes an temperature increase. It is necessary to understand how this came about to put the polar bear story in con ...
Chapter 2 Citizens` voices in environmental policy
... climate change modelling and research. While participants often saw further research as necessary, one of the main messages from their reports was that they usually did not advocate delaying action to combat climate change until additional scientific evidence is available. Further, the concrete sugg ...
... climate change modelling and research. While participants often saw further research as necessary, one of the main messages from their reports was that they usually did not advocate delaying action to combat climate change until additional scientific evidence is available. Further, the concrete sugg ...
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... to altered conditions. The risks of future climatic changes such as higher temperatures, changes in precipitation and increased climate variability can result in significant impacts on agriculture and rural areas, and attendant macroeconomic consequences for nation states (ROSENZWEIG and PARRY, 1993 ...
... to altered conditions. The risks of future climatic changes such as higher temperatures, changes in precipitation and increased climate variability can result in significant impacts on agriculture and rural areas, and attendant macroeconomic consequences for nation states (ROSENZWEIG and PARRY, 1993 ...
Persistence of climate changes due to a range of greenhouse
... Fig. 1 shows that the calculated future warmings due to anthropogenic CH4 and N2 O also persist notably longer than the lifetimes of these gases. The figure illustrates that emissions of key non-CO2 greenhouse gases such as CH4 or N2 O could lead to warming that both temporarily exceeds a given stab ...
... Fig. 1 shows that the calculated future warmings due to anthropogenic CH4 and N2 O also persist notably longer than the lifetimes of these gases. The figure illustrates that emissions of key non-CO2 greenhouse gases such as CH4 or N2 O could lead to warming that both temporarily exceeds a given stab ...
A Decade of Synthesis and Modeling in the U.S. Joint Global Ocean
... independent formulations for iron, carbon, nitrogen and silica. One outcome of including iron limitation in this an other models is that the HNLC condition can be simulated accurately with more realistic grazing losses. ...
... independent formulations for iron, carbon, nitrogen and silica. One outcome of including iron limitation in this an other models is that the HNLC condition can be simulated accurately with more realistic grazing losses. ...
Climate Change Negotiations: The United Nations Framework
... Period.” These commitments were to reduce collective emissions by, on average, 5.2% below 1990 levels during the commitment period. Canada’s target was to reduce its emissions to 6% below 1990 levels during this time frame (see Appendix for further information on Canada’s targets). The Protocol came ...
... Period.” These commitments were to reduce collective emissions by, on average, 5.2% below 1990 levels during the commitment period. Canada’s target was to reduce its emissions to 6% below 1990 levels during this time frame (see Appendix for further information on Canada’s targets). The Protocol came ...
This article appeared in a journal published by - CREAF
... elevation 58 m); Oldebroek, the Netherlands (NL, 52°24′N 5°55′E, MAT 9.3 °C, MAP 1033 mm year− 1, elevation 25 m); Clocaenog, United Kingdom (UK, 53°03′N 3°28′W, MAT 7.0 °C, MAP 1607 mm year− 1, elevation 490 m) and Garraf, Spain (SP, 41°18′N 1°49′E, MAT 15.6 °C, MAP 456 mm year− 1, elevation 210 m) ...
... elevation 58 m); Oldebroek, the Netherlands (NL, 52°24′N 5°55′E, MAT 9.3 °C, MAP 1033 mm year− 1, elevation 25 m); Clocaenog, United Kingdom (UK, 53°03′N 3°28′W, MAT 7.0 °C, MAP 1607 mm year− 1, elevation 490 m) and Garraf, Spain (SP, 41°18′N 1°49′E, MAT 15.6 °C, MAP 456 mm year− 1, elevation 210 m) ...
S TAT E O F T H E WO R... Into a Warming World 2 0
... during the current decade have all been at the upper end of projected ranges, it would be prudent to assume that the likely warming in the absence of major emission reductions over the next century will be toward the mid or upper end of the range projected by the IPCC.4 The main reference point for ...
... during the current decade have all been at the upper end of projected ranges, it would be prudent to assume that the likely warming in the absence of major emission reductions over the next century will be toward the mid or upper end of the range projected by the IPCC.4 The main reference point for ...
P R I N C E T O N ... P R I N C E T O N ... Wagner_ClimateShock_FINAL.indd 3 12/30/14 8:32 AM
... that global warming was caused by human activity. By 2001, it was “likely.” By 2007, it was “very likely.” By 2013, it was “extremely likely.” There’s only one step left in official IPCC lingo: “virtually certain.” The big question is how certain the world needs to be to act in a way that is commens ...
... that global warming was caused by human activity. By 2001, it was “likely.” By 2007, it was “very likely.” By 2013, it was “extremely likely.” There’s only one step left in official IPCC lingo: “virtually certain.” The big question is how certain the world needs to be to act in a way that is commens ...
Australian rangelands and climate change – native species
... climate suitability for the species that ranges from 0 to 1 (1 being the most suitable). ...
... climate suitability for the species that ranges from 0 to 1 (1 being the most suitable). ...
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... availability of high quality geo-referenced data on weather makes this important and exogenous component of the environment riskiness measurable, along with the related household’s response. Second, although it is not the only exogenous factor affecting income and consumption of rural households, it ...
... availability of high quality geo-referenced data on weather makes this important and exogenous component of the environment riskiness measurable, along with the related household’s response. Second, although it is not the only exogenous factor affecting income and consumption of rural households, it ...
Climatic Research Unit documents
Climatic Research Unit documents including thousands of e-mails and other computer files were stolen from a server at the Climatic Research Unit of the University of East Anglia in a hacking incident in November 2009. The documents were redistributed first through the blogosphere of global warming skeptics, and allegations were made that they indicated misconduct by leading climate scientists. A series of investigations rejected these allegations, while concluding that CRU scientists should have been more open with distributing data and methods on request. Precisely six committees investigated the allegations and published reports, finding no evidence of fraud or scientific misconduct. The scientific consensus that global warming is occurring as a result of human activity remained unchanged by the end of the investigations.The incident occurred shortly before the opening December 2009 Copenhagen global climate summit. It has prompted general discussion about increasing the openness of scientific data (though the majority of climate data have always been freely available). Scientists, scientific organisations, and government officials have stated that the incident does not affect the overall scientific case for climate change. Andrew Revkin reported in the New York Times that ""The evidence pointing to a growing human contribution to global warming is so widely accepted that the hacked material is unlikely to erode the overall argument.""