PDF
... 2000/2001, it is estimated that the South African Sugar industry contributed R 1.9 billion to the country’s foreign exchange earnings. Employment within the sugar industry is approximately 85,000 jobs, direct and indirect employment is estimated at 35,0000 people & there are approximately one millio ...
... 2000/2001, it is estimated that the South African Sugar industry contributed R 1.9 billion to the country’s foreign exchange earnings. Employment within the sugar industry is approximately 85,000 jobs, direct and indirect employment is estimated at 35,0000 people & there are approximately one millio ...
here. - APSIM
... Sprigg H, Belford R, Milroy S, Bennett SJ, Bowran D (2014) Adaptations for growing wheat in the drying climate of Western Australia. Crop and Pasture Science, 65, 627–644. Sultan B, Guan K, Kouressy M et al. (2014) Robust features of future climate change impacts on sorghum yields in West Africa. En ...
... Sprigg H, Belford R, Milroy S, Bennett SJ, Bowran D (2014) Adaptations for growing wheat in the drying climate of Western Australia. Crop and Pasture Science, 65, 627–644. Sultan B, Guan K, Kouressy M et al. (2014) Robust features of future climate change impacts on sorghum yields in West Africa. En ...
Climate finance briefing: the global climate finance architecture
... developing countries mitigate and adapt to the impacts of climate change, including public climate finance commitments by developed countries under the UNFCCC, although a definition of the term “climate finance” is yet to be agreed internationally. In the 2009 Copenhagen Accord, and confirmed in the ...
... developing countries mitigate and adapt to the impacts of climate change, including public climate finance commitments by developed countries under the UNFCCC, although a definition of the term “climate finance” is yet to be agreed internationally. In the 2009 Copenhagen Accord, and confirmed in the ...
Potential Impacts of Climate Change on Water Availability
... studies, climate variations from months to centuries are most relevant. The seasonal cycle is the most regular of all climate variations. Seasonal changes in precipitation and temperature greatly influence variations in streamflow, lake, reservoir, and groundwater levels, and groundwater recharge. M ...
... studies, climate variations from months to centuries are most relevant. The seasonal cycle is the most regular of all climate variations. Seasonal changes in precipitation and temperature greatly influence variations in streamflow, lake, reservoir, and groundwater levels, and groundwater recharge. M ...
James Hurrell*1, Gerald A. Meehl1, David Bader2
... understanding and predicting warm season precipitation and temperature anomalies along with other aspects of the land surface, but are difficult to quantify. Any information on systematic changes to the atmosphere (especially its composition and influences from volcanic eruptions) as well as externa ...
... understanding and predicting warm season precipitation and temperature anomalies along with other aspects of the land surface, but are difficult to quantify. Any information on systematic changes to the atmosphere (especially its composition and influences from volcanic eruptions) as well as externa ...
Use of general circulation model output in the creation of climate
... (MacCracken and Luther, 1985a, b; NRC, 1985; Trabalka, 1985; Strain and Cure, 1985; White, 1985); Ramanathan, 1988; Houghton et al., 1990). These all suggest that the effects of greenhouse warming will become dominant over the natural variability of climate, including the effects of volcanic eruptio ...
... (MacCracken and Luther, 1985a, b; NRC, 1985; Trabalka, 1985; Strain and Cure, 1985; White, 1985); Ramanathan, 1988; Houghton et al., 1990). These all suggest that the effects of greenhouse warming will become dominant over the natural variability of climate, including the effects of volcanic eruptio ...
PDF - AMS Journals - American Meteorological Society
... manuscript that has been peer-reviewed and accepted for publication. Since it is being posted so soon after acceptance, it has not yet been copyedited, formatted, or processed by AMS Publications. This preliminary version of the manuscript may be downloaded, distributed, and cited, but please be awa ...
... manuscript that has been peer-reviewed and accepted for publication. Since it is being posted so soon after acceptance, it has not yet been copyedited, formatted, or processed by AMS Publications. This preliminary version of the manuscript may be downloaded, distributed, and cited, but please be awa ...
The Challenge of Climate Change Adaptation:
... damage to many parts of society, and thus a critical issue for adaptation is the degree to which frequency, intensity, and persistence of extreme events change.” 22 National governments are now beginning to consider how to adjust to these changes. Hopefully, mitigation efforts will limit the extent ...
... damage to many parts of society, and thus a critical issue for adaptation is the degree to which frequency, intensity, and persistence of extreme events change.” 22 National governments are now beginning to consider how to adjust to these changes. Hopefully, mitigation efforts will limit the extent ...
et al
... Short-term forest management strategies should focus on enhancing carbon cycle and albedo benefits simultaneously in light of tradeoffs between the two Enhancing carbon sink productivity, for example, through species switching, fertilization, etc. may negate albedo-enhancing efforts like delayed ...
... Short-term forest management strategies should focus on enhancing carbon cycle and albedo benefits simultaneously in light of tradeoffs between the two Enhancing carbon sink productivity, for example, through species switching, fertilization, etc. may negate albedo-enhancing efforts like delayed ...
PDF Full Publication in PDF Format
... estimated from a cross-section of countries in 1995. Climate-induced migration between the regions of the world also causes the population sizes to change. Immigrants are unrealistically assumed to assimilate immediately and completely with the respective host population, as the focus here is not on ...
... estimated from a cross-section of countries in 1995. Climate-induced migration between the regions of the world also causes the population sizes to change. Immigrants are unrealistically assumed to assimilate immediately and completely with the respective host population, as the focus here is not on ...
Template
... concentrations are largely the result of human activities. 1.1.2 [Insert Local Government here] considers climate change to be a serious current threat to our current way of life and the Earth’s ecosystems. 1.1.3 [Insert Local Government here] acknowledges that some human-induced climate change is a ...
... concentrations are largely the result of human activities. 1.1.2 [Insert Local Government here] considers climate change to be a serious current threat to our current way of life and the Earth’s ecosystems. 1.1.3 [Insert Local Government here] acknowledges that some human-induced climate change is a ...
Climate Change in the American Mind: Americans` Global Warming
... Americans’ belief in the reality of global warming has increased by 13 percentage points over the past two and a half years, from 57 percent in January 2010 to 70 percent in September 2012. At the same time, the number of Americans who say global warming is not happening has declined nearly by half, ...
... Americans’ belief in the reality of global warming has increased by 13 percentage points over the past two and a half years, from 57 percent in January 2010 to 70 percent in September 2012. At the same time, the number of Americans who say global warming is not happening has declined nearly by half, ...
Approaches for generating climate change scenarios for use in
... enhanced greenhouse gas conditions is likely, despite much variation between regions and across climate change scenarios (e.g. Sheffield and Wood 2008). Drought projections for Australia are generally based on global climate model (GCM) simulations since, in the absence of regional climate modelling ...
... enhanced greenhouse gas conditions is likely, despite much variation between regions and across climate change scenarios (e.g. Sheffield and Wood 2008). Drought projections for Australia are generally based on global climate model (GCM) simulations since, in the absence of regional climate modelling ...
The Climate Deception Dossiers - Union of Concerned Scientists
... Space Administration (NASA), testified before Congress that scientific data had confirmed humans’ role in climate change (Figure 2). It was also in 1988 that the United Nations formed the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) and the U.S. Congress introduced the National Energy Policy Act ...
... Space Administration (NASA), testified before Congress that scientific data had confirmed humans’ role in climate change (Figure 2). It was also in 1988 that the United Nations formed the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) and the U.S. Congress introduced the National Energy Policy Act ...
Transient responses to increasing CO2 and climate change in an
... climate conditions. As before, changes in monthly statistics were specified for the end of a period of interest (in our case anomalies for the year 2100). These were linearly interpolated in time to obtain a transient evolution of the climate change signal, and it was only at this stage that syntheti ...
... climate conditions. As before, changes in monthly statistics were specified for the end of a period of interest (in our case anomalies for the year 2100). These were linearly interpolated in time to obtain a transient evolution of the climate change signal, and it was only at this stage that syntheti ...
Climate change
... In the following, CO2, CH4 and N2O concentrations are stabilized. The emissions reductions required to do this are balanced between the gases in order to minimize the total cost (‘cost optimization’). This is done using the energy-economics model MERGE developed by economists Alan Manne and Richard ...
... In the following, CO2, CH4 and N2O concentrations are stabilized. The emissions reductions required to do this are balanced between the gases in order to minimize the total cost (‘cost optimization’). This is done using the energy-economics model MERGE developed by economists Alan Manne and Richard ...
Slide 1
... If greenhouse gas concentrations rise, they trap more heat, so Earth warms. If their concentrations fall, more heat escapes, and Earth cools. Without the greenhouse effect, Earth would be about 30°C cooler than it is today. ...
... If greenhouse gas concentrations rise, they trap more heat, so Earth warms. If their concentrations fall, more heat escapes, and Earth cools. Without the greenhouse effect, Earth would be about 30°C cooler than it is today. ...
Provincial government of Albay, Philippines
... and for all towns and cities; and the SMART Infoboard where some 15,000 SIM cards were distributed to village officials for fast disaster information services. The A2C2 initiative also serves as a local network in the province that would guide officials in crafting policies and legislation on climat ...
... and for all towns and cities; and the SMART Infoboard where some 15,000 SIM cards were distributed to village officials for fast disaster information services. The A2C2 initiative also serves as a local network in the province that would guide officials in crafting policies and legislation on climat ...
Climate Justice as a Spiritual Challenge in an Oil
... that, we will present Biblical texts that we suggest can address the contextual issues at hand (‘judge’). And finally, we discuss how the juxtaposition of social context and Biblical texts challenges believers and inspires action (‘act’). It is also possible, for our purposes here, to draw on far old ...
... that, we will present Biblical texts that we suggest can address the contextual issues at hand (‘judge’). And finally, we discuss how the juxtaposition of social context and Biblical texts challenges believers and inspires action (‘act’). It is also possible, for our purposes here, to draw on far old ...
AUSAID – UNDP PARTNERSHIP ON CLIMATE CHANGE 1
... stakeholders at various levels in tackling climate change is also crucial. In acknowledgement of this, the state governments have been mandated to prepare State Level Action Plans on Climate Change (SAPCCs) to address climate change impacts and reduce the associated risks and vulnerabilities. UNDP i ...
... stakeholders at various levels in tackling climate change is also crucial. In acknowledgement of this, the state governments have been mandated to prepare State Level Action Plans on Climate Change (SAPCCs) to address climate change impacts and reduce the associated risks and vulnerabilities. UNDP i ...
Mathematics of Climate Change - Library
... At present, the U.S. government is trailing both public opinion in the U.S. and many other world governments in addressing the climate-change problem. Nevertheless, there are some grounds for optimism. At the United Nations Climate Change Conference in Bali, in December 2007, the U.S. agreed to a “r ...
... At present, the U.S. government is trailing both public opinion in the U.S. and many other world governments in addressing the climate-change problem. Nevertheless, there are some grounds for optimism. At the United Nations Climate Change Conference in Bali, in December 2007, the U.S. agreed to a “r ...
Attribution of the record high Central England temperature of
... However, it is worth noting that, at approximately 0.06 °C above the previous 2006 record, we cannot be entirely certain that 2014 was the warmest on record. Parker and Horton (2005) state that for annual mean CET values to be deemed significantly different a 0.25 °C difference is required. A set of ...
... However, it is worth noting that, at approximately 0.06 °C above the previous 2006 record, we cannot be entirely certain that 2014 was the warmest on record. Parker and Horton (2005) state that for annual mean CET values to be deemed significantly different a 0.25 °C difference is required. A set of ...
Climate and land use change impacts on global terrestrial
... mate, with any changes in surface energy and moisture fluxes associated with changes in vegetation and soil moisture continuing to conserve the surface energy balance and hydrological cycle. However, this may not necessarily be the case for ecosystem and hydrological impact studies carried out with ...
... mate, with any changes in surface energy and moisture fluxes associated with changes in vegetation and soil moisture continuing to conserve the surface energy balance and hydrological cycle. However, this may not necessarily be the case for ecosystem and hydrological impact studies carried out with ...
Climate Change - cloudfront.net
... field agree that the world is unequivocally warming and that human activity is the primary cause of the warming experienced over the past 50 years. Spirited debates on some details of climate science continue, but these fundamental conclusions are not in dispute.The scientific method is built on scr ...
... field agree that the world is unequivocally warming and that human activity is the primary cause of the warming experienced over the past 50 years. Spirited debates on some details of climate science continue, but these fundamental conclusions are not in dispute.The scientific method is built on scr ...
Climatic Research Unit documents
Climatic Research Unit documents including thousands of e-mails and other computer files were stolen from a server at the Climatic Research Unit of the University of East Anglia in a hacking incident in November 2009. The documents were redistributed first through the blogosphere of global warming skeptics, and allegations were made that they indicated misconduct by leading climate scientists. A series of investigations rejected these allegations, while concluding that CRU scientists should have been more open with distributing data and methods on request. Precisely six committees investigated the allegations and published reports, finding no evidence of fraud or scientific misconduct. The scientific consensus that global warming is occurring as a result of human activity remained unchanged by the end of the investigations.The incident occurred shortly before the opening December 2009 Copenhagen global climate summit. It has prompted general discussion about increasing the openness of scientific data (though the majority of climate data have always been freely available). Scientists, scientific organisations, and government officials have stated that the incident does not affect the overall scientific case for climate change. Andrew Revkin reported in the New York Times that ""The evidence pointing to a growing human contribution to global warming is so widely accepted that the hacked material is unlikely to erode the overall argument.""