Climate Change Effects on Vegetation Distribution and
... with vegetation type. Once the soil C has equilibrated, the model is run on variable climate (spinup period) allowing for fuel buildup and variable fuel moisture conditions until the aboveground C pools are at equilibrium with dynamic fire events. The spin-up climate timeseries is based on historica ...
... with vegetation type. Once the soil C has equilibrated, the model is run on variable climate (spinup period) allowing for fuel buildup and variable fuel moisture conditions until the aboveground C pools are at equilibrium with dynamic fire events. The spin-up climate timeseries is based on historica ...
anthropology and climate change - North Atlantic Biocultural
... From an anthropological perspective, climate change is ultimately about culture, for in its wake, more and more of the intimate human-environment relations, integral to the world’s cultural diversity, lose place. For indigenous peoples around the world, climate change brings different kinds of risks ...
... From an anthropological perspective, climate change is ultimately about culture, for in its wake, more and more of the intimate human-environment relations, integral to the world’s cultural diversity, lose place. For indigenous peoples around the world, climate change brings different kinds of risks ...
North Africa: The Impact of Climate Change to
... This paper does not represent US Government views. salinity, which may lead to desertification. Adaptation strategies, including modifications in sowing dates to match climate changes and development of heat-tolerant crop varieties, will likely mitigate some of the expected negative effects on Nort ...
... This paper does not represent US Government views. salinity, which may lead to desertification. Adaptation strategies, including modifications in sowing dates to match climate changes and development of heat-tolerant crop varieties, will likely mitigate some of the expected negative effects on Nort ...
Climate warming and Bergmann`s rule through time: is
... could be the main drivers of body size variation in some species. Indeed, there is some evidence that prey size availability can constrain body size in predatory mammals. Larger bodied individuals may also have an advantage at higher latitudes because they can better withstand starvation (Cushman et ...
... could be the main drivers of body size variation in some species. Indeed, there is some evidence that prey size availability can constrain body size in predatory mammals. Larger bodied individuals may also have an advantage at higher latitudes because they can better withstand starvation (Cushman et ...
Migration, Environment and Climate Change
... from the social sciences. The topic of climate change and adaptation tends to be approached from a natural science perspective (Schensul and Dodman, 2013). This is also reflected in the technical terms and concepts that both research and policy communities use. In looking at environmental change as ...
... from the social sciences. The topic of climate change and adaptation tends to be approached from a natural science perspective (Schensul and Dodman, 2013). This is also reflected in the technical terms and concepts that both research and policy communities use. In looking at environmental change as ...
Temperature-induced mismatches between
... probability that each model is the ‘‘true’’ model, given the data. All results are reported as mean 6 1 SE. Meta-analysis We examined whether fitness reductions due to mismatches between consumption and metabolism were common across taxa. We therefore conducted a literature search on ISI Web of Scien ...
... probability that each model is the ‘‘true’’ model, given the data. All results are reported as mean 6 1 SE. Meta-analysis We examined whether fitness reductions due to mismatches between consumption and metabolism were common across taxa. We therefore conducted a literature search on ISI Web of Scien ...
Climate sensitivity, sea level and atmospheric carbon dioxide
... large warming at intermediate ocean depths in response to initial surface warming are consistent with the concept of a methane hydrate role in hyperthermal events. The hyperthermals confirm understanding about the long recovery time of the Earth’s carbon cycle [21] and reveal the potential for thresh ...
... large warming at intermediate ocean depths in response to initial surface warming are consistent with the concept of a methane hydrate role in hyperthermal events. The hyperthermals confirm understanding about the long recovery time of the Earth’s carbon cycle [21] and reveal the potential for thresh ...
Using a maximum simplicity paleoclimate model to simulate
... dynamical models. This inconsistency was addressed using a 3-dimensional ocean circulation model coupled to a simple atmosphere model (Knutti et al., 2004). These simulations demonstrated that the changes in freshwater had a direct effect on the circulation and hence the ...
... dynamical models. This inconsistency was addressed using a 3-dimensional ocean circulation model coupled to a simple atmosphere model (Knutti et al., 2004). These simulations demonstrated that the changes in freshwater had a direct effect on the circulation and hence the ...
Anthropogenic Global Warming? Beyond CO2
... • The past century warmed by ~0.7°C. The contribution of AGW to this warming is probably much smaller than that given by the IPCC consensus. • The influence of GHG’s, especially CO2, is overstated, the natural variability (of the sun) is understated. • Climate models are still unreliable and should ...
... • The past century warmed by ~0.7°C. The contribution of AGW to this warming is probably much smaller than that given by the IPCC consensus. • The influence of GHG’s, especially CO2, is overstated, the natural variability (of the sun) is understated. • Climate models are still unreliable and should ...
Article - Cerfacs
... simulated (CSi) and observed Africa temperature indices is 0.6 with a standard deviation of 0.1, (the data have been high-pass filtered with an 8 year cut-off, and the results are significant at the 0.1% significance level as estimated by a Student t-test). In the following, the analysis is focused ...
... simulated (CSi) and observed Africa temperature indices is 0.6 with a standard deviation of 0.1, (the data have been high-pass filtered with an 8 year cut-off, and the results are significant at the 0.1% significance level as estimated by a Student t-test). In the following, the analysis is focused ...
Climate Change Policy Jason Shogren and Michael Toman •
... double the preindustrial concentration of GHGs in the atmosphere. Critics of these efforts stress that correlation and causation should not be confused. They scientists also question the current ability to separate human-made changes from natural variability. Although the causation between human act ...
... double the preindustrial concentration of GHGs in the atmosphere. Critics of these efforts stress that correlation and causation should not be confused. They scientists also question the current ability to separate human-made changes from natural variability. Although the causation between human act ...
pdf Antarctic Research Centre File size
... publication of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change’s 5th Assessment Report, Climate Change 213: The Scientific Basis. The contribution of Victoria University’s three lead authors, including myself, to this 5-6 yearly authoritative update of past, present and projected climate change and it ...
... publication of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change’s 5th Assessment Report, Climate Change 213: The Scientific Basis. The contribution of Victoria University’s three lead authors, including myself, to this 5-6 yearly authoritative update of past, present and projected climate change and it ...
Climate Change and Heat Deaths: Newest Estimates
... emission control policy (B1), or a business-as-usual option (A1F1). The AOGCM simulations were then developed using these carbon equivalent values. To account of any potential biases in the AOGCM scenario estimates, the values produced for the 1990s were compared to the actual data from that time pe ...
... emission control policy (B1), or a business-as-usual option (A1F1). The AOGCM simulations were then developed using these carbon equivalent values. To account of any potential biases in the AOGCM scenario estimates, the values produced for the 1990s were compared to the actual data from that time pe ...
climate change and eu security policy
... European governments are united in seeking to embed a climate security remit in the United Nations Security Council, against opposition from most developing states. ...
... European governments are united in seeking to embed a climate security remit in the United Nations Security Council, against opposition from most developing states. ...
National Park Service - UAF SNAP
... although some of these products are linked only via appendices. These details are included in order to allow this paper to serve as not only a project summary, but also a roadmap or case study for any similar efforts that may take place in the future, either in Alaska or elsewhere. The Common Implic ...
... although some of these products are linked only via appendices. These details are included in order to allow this paper to serve as not only a project summary, but also a roadmap or case study for any similar efforts that may take place in the future, either in Alaska or elsewhere. The Common Implic ...
Positive feedback between future climate change
... Our two estimates of both terrestrial and oceanic carbon uptakes allow us to determine the compatible anthropogenic emissions with and without accounting for the climate change. In the constant climate simulation, in order to sustain a 1%/yr increase in atmospheric CO2 , the compatible emissions hav ...
... Our two estimates of both terrestrial and oceanic carbon uptakes allow us to determine the compatible anthropogenic emissions with and without accounting for the climate change. In the constant climate simulation, in order to sustain a 1%/yr increase in atmospheric CO2 , the compatible emissions hav ...
Global changes in seasonal means and extremes of precipitation
... consistent with observation-based data from the Global Precipitation Climatology Project. The data are split into six time periods of 25 years to get independent time series. The seasonal peaks are modeled by using the generalized extreme value distribution, while empirical distributions are used to ...
... consistent with observation-based data from the Global Precipitation Climatology Project. The data are split into six time periods of 25 years to get independent time series. The seasonal peaks are modeled by using the generalized extreme value distribution, while empirical distributions are used to ...
Potential Impacts Of Climate Change On Tourism
... Some tourism stakeholders, professionals and scientists in the region are still not convinced that there is enough evidence linking climate change to impacts on the tourism sector. Many view the last seven years of intense cyclone activity in the region as a result of climate variability (cyclical i ...
... Some tourism stakeholders, professionals and scientists in the region are still not convinced that there is enough evidence linking climate change to impacts on the tourism sector. Many view the last seven years of intense cyclone activity in the region as a result of climate variability (cyclical i ...
Recent radical shifts of atmospheric circulations and rapid changes
... cover over the North Pacific Arctic, which has been manifested by the weather forecast product and ice mass balance buoy [Perovich et al., 2008]. Taken together, the extreme loss of sea-ice area occurred. ...
... cover over the North Pacific Arctic, which has been manifested by the weather forecast product and ice mass balance buoy [Perovich et al., 2008]. Taken together, the extreme loss of sea-ice area occurred. ...
Climate Justice: Equity and Justice informing a new
... It is a contribution to the work of the Climate Justice Dialogue,2 an initiative led by the Mary Robinson Foundation – Climate Justice and the World Resources Institute, which is developing creative thinking and mobilizing demand for a people-centered climate agreement in 2015. Through the Dialogue ...
... It is a contribution to the work of the Climate Justice Dialogue,2 an initiative led by the Mary Robinson Foundation – Climate Justice and the World Resources Institute, which is developing creative thinking and mobilizing demand for a people-centered climate agreement in 2015. Through the Dialogue ...
Biological Significance of Phenology
... Environmental selection – Cannell, M. G. R., M. B. Murray, et al. (1985). "Frost avoidance by selection for late budburst in Picea sitchensis." Journal of Applied ...
... Environmental selection – Cannell, M. G. R., M. B. Murray, et al. (1985). "Frost avoidance by selection for late budburst in Picea sitchensis." Journal of Applied ...
Appendix 3: Climate Science Supplement
... Although climate changes in the past have been caused by natural factors, human activities are now the dominant agents of change. Human activities are affecting climate through increasing atmospheric levels of heat-trapping gases and other substances, including particles. The Earth’s climate has lon ...
... Although climate changes in the past have been caused by natural factors, human activities are now the dominant agents of change. Human activities are affecting climate through increasing atmospheric levels of heat-trapping gases and other substances, including particles. The Earth’s climate has lon ...
Biological Significance, David Inouye
... Environmental selection – Cannell, M. G. R., M. B. Murray, et al. (1985). "Frost avoidance by selection for late budburst in Picea sitchensis." Journal of Applied ...
... Environmental selection – Cannell, M. G. R., M. B. Murray, et al. (1985). "Frost avoidance by selection for late budburst in Picea sitchensis." Journal of Applied ...
Climatic Research Unit documents
Climatic Research Unit documents including thousands of e-mails and other computer files were stolen from a server at the Climatic Research Unit of the University of East Anglia in a hacking incident in November 2009. The documents were redistributed first through the blogosphere of global warming skeptics, and allegations were made that they indicated misconduct by leading climate scientists. A series of investigations rejected these allegations, while concluding that CRU scientists should have been more open with distributing data and methods on request. Precisely six committees investigated the allegations and published reports, finding no evidence of fraud or scientific misconduct. The scientific consensus that global warming is occurring as a result of human activity remained unchanged by the end of the investigations.The incident occurred shortly before the opening December 2009 Copenhagen global climate summit. It has prompted general discussion about increasing the openness of scientific data (though the majority of climate data have always been freely available). Scientists, scientific organisations, and government officials have stated that the incident does not affect the overall scientific case for climate change. Andrew Revkin reported in the New York Times that ""The evidence pointing to a growing human contribution to global warming is so widely accepted that the hacked material is unlikely to erode the overall argument.""