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Phys. 102: Introduction to Astronomy
Phys. 102: Introduction to Astronomy

...  how do we know of past climates? ...
Planet Earth Winter 2016-17
Planet Earth Winter 2016-17

... director of the institute. The planet’s average surface temperature has risen about 1.1°C since the late 19th century, a change driven largely by increased carbon dioxide and ...
Divestment from Fossil Fuel Corporations
Divestment from Fossil Fuel Corporations

... called to care for the earth as God cares for the earth;” and WHEREAS, the 1999 ELCA Social Statement Economic Life: Sufficient, Sustainable Livelihood for All recognizes that “the growth of economic activity during the twentieth century, and the industrialization and consumerism that fueled it, rad ...
The Weather Makers - Eastern Washington University
The Weather Makers - Eastern Washington University

... has a gift for making complex science understandable for a lay audience, through a deft use of imagery, analogy and common sense. But Flannery does not just tell his audience what is happening to our planet. He very clearly lays out a game plan for halting current warming trends and beginning the lo ...
ATM306-Lecture
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... Sounding Unit - SSU) since 1979 – T over broad regions – Problems with orbit drift, calibration, etc. -> spurious T trends ...
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Effects of Stratospheric Ozone Depletion the Environment and

... Stratospheric ozone depletion normally increases the ozone concentration at ground level. In general the impact of stratospheric ozone depletion is smaller than that of local and regional air pollution sources. Increases in the particulates in the atmosphere related to global warming may reduce trop ...
45176 - infoHouse
45176 - infoHouse

... creating reflective conversation where we consciously focus our attention on questions that matter…. ...
Document
Document

... The sun and the atmosphere keep Earth warm. “Greenhouse gases” warm the lower atmosphere. Carbon dioxide is the greenhouse gas of primary concern. Other greenhouse gases add to warming. 1. Other greenhouse gases are increasing in the atmosphere. F. Aerosols may exert a cooling effect on the lower at ...
appendix f: glossary of terms
appendix f: glossary of terms

... Source: Any process or activity that releases a GHG into the atmosphere. Target Year: The year by which the GHG emissions reduction target should be achieved. Transit Oriented Development: A moderate- to high-density development located within a 5-10 minute walk (or roughly ¼ mile) of a major trans ...
Nitrogen and the Terrestrial Carbon Cycle in UKESM1 Andy
Nitrogen and the Terrestrial Carbon Cycle in UKESM1 Andy

... ESMs (excluding the 2 with N cycles) in CMIP5 likely underestimated the rise in atmospheric CO2 over the 21st Century, under the RCP8.5 scenario, by between 29-147 ppm –that could potentially lead to a significant additional amount of warming. The nitrogen cycle is highly perturbed in the modern wor ...
Lecture 10: Climate Feedback
Lecture 10: Climate Feedback

... – Changes in solar radiation – Changes in the earth’s orbit ...
Introduction - Weather Underground
Introduction - Weather Underground

... changes observed during the 20th century. Show that volcanic eruptions and changes in sunlight are responsible for most of the changes observed over the 20th century. Can predict the 20th century observed temperature changes with natural factors only. Can only predict the 20th century observed tempe ...
What is global warming and what are the dangers associated with it?
What is global warming and what are the dangers associated with it?

... the Enhanced Greenhouse Effect. It means that more energy is being absorbed by the earth than emitted and thus leads to global warming when it happens on a large scale as we can see happening at the moment [1]. In pre-industrial times the amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere averaged 280ppm (p ...
rogerian-open-letter-on-climate
rogerian-open-letter-on-climate

... be passed are going to be ineffective and will cost much more than people anticipate. In his speech at the Heartland Institute’s 7th International Conference on Climate Change, Myron focuses on remaining to use energy producing technologies that currently exist and combating the regulations that the ...
Human Impacts Booklet
Human Impacts Booklet

... As we saw in the equilibrium lab, when CO2 mixes with water it forms a weak acid (carbonic acid). The chemical equation can be seen below: CO2 (carbon dioxide) + H2O (water)  H2CO3 (carbonic acid). The world’s oceans currently absorb as much as one-third of all CO2 emissions in our atmosphere. Ther ...
Mitigation Strategies Slides
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... • To decrease force or intensity. To lower risk. • Earthquake mitigation • Flood mitigation • Climate change mitigation ...
Strategic Overview of policies to deliver the 80% emissions
Strategic Overview of policies to deliver the 80% emissions

... Scottish Climate Change Bill • 80% emissions reduction target in 2050 • Interim 50% target in 2030 • Statutory framework based on annual targets – Set more than 10 years in advance – Based on advice from CCC ...
the paper that was published in  Nature Geoscience
the paper that was published in  Nature Geoscience

... to quantify their climate forcing. Indeed, the near-term benefits of controlling these compounds are increasingly being considered in policy discussions10,11. Although the precise contribution of short-lived pollutants to climate forcing is uncertain, it is clear that anthropogenic emissions of meth ...
The impact of climate change on agriculture - fhouses
The impact of climate change on agriculture - fhouses

... Tropical storms and Sea Level Rise –Climate change is projected to decrease frequency but increase intensity of tropical storms, although this is highly uncertain. Sea level is set to rise as a consequence of increasing global temperatures. Both will increase the vulnerability of coastal and low ly ...
Unit 12 - Global Warming - e
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... noise and denial and claims of huge costs to clean up, until people invented better ways, after which we solved the problems, people made money, and the cleanups became part of the economy; Plausible estimates say completely cleaning up CO2 today would be very expensive, but could be done after a f ...
Open Our Color Tri Fold
Open Our Color Tri Fold

... United States and over land areas worldwide. Since 1901, precipitation has increased at an average rate of 0.5 percent per decade in the contiguous 48 states and 0.2 percent per decade over land areas worldwide. However, shifting weather patterns have caused certain areas, such as Hawaii and parts o ...
Lecture 13:Climate Change
Lecture 13:Climate Change

... • The Artic cap has decreased in size since the first satellite were taken in the 1970”s. • Melting of sea ice has been the most dramatic, but it does not rise sea levels as glaciers do. • Artic glaciers are shrinking at an increasing rate and contribute to a rise in sea level of only 0.2 cm per dec ...
Climate Change
Climate Change

... • Teacher’s guides that include related state and national science learning standards. • PowerPoint presentations that accompany many of the activities. • PowerPoint presentations by climate researched at UMass Amherst and by guest climate researchers. • Lists of sources of materials for activities. ...
Climate and Atmospheric Changes
Climate and Atmospheric Changes

... More sunspots will increase the amount temperatures are found around sunspots of heat that stays within the atmosphere. ...
Act and Adapt: Climate Change in Scotland, Scottish
Act and Adapt: Climate Change in Scotland, Scottish

... warming, and climate change is faster than expected. •Without action on greenhouse gases, global temperature will rise 2-4°C, and maybe 6°C, this century. •Significant risk that global warming will accelerate, leading to sudden or irreversible climate change. •Rising temperature, rising sea level, m ...
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Climate change feedback



Climate change feedback is important in the understanding of global warming because feedback processes may amplify or diminish the effect of each climate forcing, and so play an important part in determining the climate sensitivity and future climate state. Feedback in general is the process in which changing one quantity changes a second quantity, and the change in the second quantity in turn changes the first. Positive feedback amplifies the change in the first quantity while negative feedback reduces it.The term ""forcing"" means a change which may ""push"" the climate system in the direction of warming or cooling. An example of a climate forcing is increased atmospheric concentrations of greenhouse gases. By definition, forcings are external to the climate system while feedbacks are internal; in essence, feedbacks represent the internal processes of the system. Some feedbacks may act in relative isolation to the rest of the climate system; others may be tightly coupled; hence it may be difficult to tell just how much a particular process contributes. Forcings, feedbacks and the dynamics of the climate system determine how much and how fast the climate changes. The main positive feedback in global warming is the tendency of warming to increase the amount of water vapor in the atmosphere, which in turn leads to further warming. The main negative feedback comes from the Stefan–Boltzmann law, the amount of heat radiated from the Earth into space changes with the fourth power of the temperature of Earth's surface and atmosphere.Some observed and potential effects of global warming are positive feedbacks, which contribute directly to further global warming. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change's (IPCC) Fourth Assessment Report states that ""Anthropogenic warming could lead to some effects that are abrupt or irreversible, depending upon the rate and magnitude of the climate change.""
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