Results of LCCVP Collaborator Pre-project
... Comments by collaborators: • “We have very little knowledge of past climate change and land use surrounding [our ...
... Comments by collaborators: • “We have very little knowledge of past climate change and land use surrounding [our ...
WGCM Chemistry - Earth, Atmospheric, and Planetary Physics
... -> reaffirm the importance of improving basic atmospheric and oceanic components of models, ... (2) Organize systematic and coordinated investigations (physical / statistical) of the link between model errors and prediction errors : - > promote systematic investigations of the impact of resolution, ...
... -> reaffirm the importance of improving basic atmospheric and oceanic components of models, ... (2) Organize systematic and coordinated investigations (physical / statistical) of the link between model errors and prediction errors : - > promote systematic investigations of the impact of resolution, ...
Climate Change - Homepages Web Server
... easier to see by probing beyond a single number (such as the average temperature of Earth’s surface), and looking instead at the geographical and seasonal patterns of climate change. The observed patterns of surface warming, temperature changes through the atmosphere, increases in ocean heat content ...
... easier to see by probing beyond a single number (such as the average temperature of Earth’s surface), and looking instead at the geographical and seasonal patterns of climate change. The observed patterns of surface warming, temperature changes through the atmosphere, increases in ocean heat content ...
Global Climate Change: Electric Power Options in India
... Global Climate Change Negotiations: A Perspective on Intergenerational and Social Equity ...
... Global Climate Change Negotiations: A Perspective on Intergenerational and Social Equity ...
State/EU Position on Climate Change
... Please briefly answer the following questions; limit your responses to a maximum of 4 double-spaced pages: ...
... Please briefly answer the following questions; limit your responses to a maximum of 4 double-spaced pages: ...
Modelling Short Term Impacts of Climate Change
... periods where the moving average exhibits both cycles of reduced (‘floodpoor’) and elevated (‘flood-rich’) periods During ‘flood-rich’ periods, the natural rainfall volatility increases ...
... periods where the moving average exhibits both cycles of reduced (‘floodpoor’) and elevated (‘flood-rich’) periods During ‘flood-rich’ periods, the natural rainfall volatility increases ...
Calculating Greenhouse Gas Emissions
... these emissions can minimize such costs while still achieving the same operational results. Some simple actions include increasing equipment efficiency, switching to renewable energy, and reducing paper use. Many opportunities to reduce emissions can be found within the company, such as reducing tra ...
... these emissions can minimize such costs while still achieving the same operational results. Some simple actions include increasing equipment efficiency, switching to renewable energy, and reducing paper use. Many opportunities to reduce emissions can be found within the company, such as reducing tra ...
Climate Change, Development and Energy Problems in South Africa
... has already resulted in a yearly per capita emission rate of about 10 tons of carbon dioxide, 43 percent higher than the global average. At the same time, this extremely high per capita energy use has not meant that everyone in South Africa has access to energy; 30% of South African citizens do not ...
... has already resulted in a yearly per capita emission rate of about 10 tons of carbon dioxide, 43 percent higher than the global average. At the same time, this extremely high per capita energy use has not meant that everyone in South Africa has access to energy; 30% of South African citizens do not ...
Losses on All Human Timescales
... associated sea level rise and potential feedbacks linking for example ocean and the ice sheets have their own intrinsic long time scales, and may result in significant changes hundreds to thousands of years after global temperature is stabilized.” IPCC AR5, Chapter 12: “Long-term Climate Change: Pro ...
... associated sea level rise and potential feedbacks linking for example ocean and the ice sheets have their own intrinsic long time scales, and may result in significant changes hundreds to thousands of years after global temperature is stabilized.” IPCC AR5, Chapter 12: “Long-term Climate Change: Pro ...
Document
... By definition, a steady-state climate requires that N=0, so that no heat is being taken up by the climate system. In the initial steady state F=H=0 and ΔT=0. In a perturbed steady state F=H=ΔT ΔT=F/. The equilibrium climate sensitivity ΔT2eqm is defined as the steady-state ΔT due to a doubling ...
... By definition, a steady-state climate requires that N=0, so that no heat is being taken up by the climate system. In the initial steady state F=H=0 and ΔT=0. In a perturbed steady state F=H=ΔT ΔT=F/. The equilibrium climate sensitivity ΔT2eqm is defined as the steady-state ΔT due to a doubling ...
Concluding summary - International Research Institute for Climate
... documentation and evaluation of results. Science priorities need to be set; for example, we still struggle to predict the onset of an event until it is already reflected in the Sea Surface Temperatures. Observing systems need to be continuously strengthened. Societal vulnerabilities and adaptation o ...
... documentation and evaluation of results. Science priorities need to be set; for example, we still struggle to predict the onset of an event until it is already reflected in the Sea Surface Temperatures. Observing systems need to be continuously strengthened. Societal vulnerabilities and adaptation o ...
Water in the atmosphere
... through the atmosphere almost entirely (99.5%) in the form of vapor. By way of comparison, the global ocean, if spread uniformly over Earth’s surface, would have an average depth of about 2.8 km. Fresh water on Earth’s terrestrial surface—ice sheets, lakes, rivers, wetlands, and soils—is 2000 to 300 ...
... through the atmosphere almost entirely (99.5%) in the form of vapor. By way of comparison, the global ocean, if spread uniformly over Earth’s surface, would have an average depth of about 2.8 km. Fresh water on Earth’s terrestrial surface—ice sheets, lakes, rivers, wetlands, and soils—is 2000 to 300 ...
Coping with Climate Change in the Next Half-Century
... flow to the climate system since pre-industrial times.24 According to simple energy balance models, 2005’s GHG concentrations should lead to warming of 2.4 (1.4–4.3)25 °C above the pre-industrial level. Without aerosol cooling, we would have realized about 1.9°C today with 0.5°C to be released later ...
... flow to the climate system since pre-industrial times.24 According to simple energy balance models, 2005’s GHG concentrations should lead to warming of 2.4 (1.4–4.3)25 °C above the pre-industrial level. Without aerosol cooling, we would have realized about 1.9°C today with 0.5°C to be released later ...
Proxy Climate Data - University of Texas at Austin
... Plankton relatively insensitive to temperatures at low latitudes Food more important than temperature for survival The Pacific is a difficult region to apply CLIMAP Seafloor sediments poorly preserved (altered by dissolving) ...
... Plankton relatively insensitive to temperatures at low latitudes Food more important than temperature for survival The Pacific is a difficult region to apply CLIMAP Seafloor sediments poorly preserved (altered by dissolving) ...
canada
... a number of risk management tools provided by the Government with AgriInsurance, Canada’s crop insurance programme, being a cornerstone of the suite of business risk managements programmes that are available to farmers. A key policy question is whether crop insurance can continue to provide a robust ...
... a number of risk management tools provided by the Government with AgriInsurance, Canada’s crop insurance programme, being a cornerstone of the suite of business risk managements programmes that are available to farmers. A key policy question is whether crop insurance can continue to provide a robust ...
Submission to: Ad Hoc Working Group on Long
... Reducing deforestation: priority to remaining peatswamp forests The UN-FCCC decision on ‘Reducing Emissions from Deforestation in Developing countries’ calls for direct action. Peatswamp forests contain extremely high amounts of carbon, not only in the forest cover, but also and foremost in the peat ...
... Reducing deforestation: priority to remaining peatswamp forests The UN-FCCC decision on ‘Reducing Emissions from Deforestation in Developing countries’ calls for direct action. Peatswamp forests contain extremely high amounts of carbon, not only in the forest cover, but also and foremost in the peat ...
Talk SLAS November 2008 CC, Latin America and the media
... elites and the political agenda, but do not reach a mass audience. For example, Folha de Sao Paulo is estimated to reach 300,000 Brazilians, whereas the main evening news programme of TV Globo is watched by more than 30 million. One of the few – and most recent - studies to be carried out was by th ...
... elites and the political agenda, but do not reach a mass audience. For example, Folha de Sao Paulo is estimated to reach 300,000 Brazilians, whereas the main evening news programme of TV Globo is watched by more than 30 million. One of the few – and most recent - studies to be carried out was by th ...
climate change, and 53 percent are
... And while solar and wind energy may replace much retired fossil capacity, the renewables won't be able to supply the same collection of attributes, vital to reliability, such as inertial momentum, reactive power, frequency regulation, or voltage stability and support. And so, at a key moment in the ...
... And while solar and wind energy may replace much retired fossil capacity, the renewables won't be able to supply the same collection of attributes, vital to reliability, such as inertial momentum, reactive power, frequency regulation, or voltage stability and support. And so, at a key moment in the ...
Using GI to address Climate Change
... Protecting water quality and quantity Increased rainfall predicted for the northeast U.S. will alter the region’s hydrology, which is deemed to be a primary cause of water quality degradation. Communities may need to reassess the capacity of their reservoirs to withstand longer periods of drought. T ...
... Protecting water quality and quantity Increased rainfall predicted for the northeast U.S. will alter the region’s hydrology, which is deemed to be a primary cause of water quality degradation. Communities may need to reassess the capacity of their reservoirs to withstand longer periods of drought. T ...
a summary presentation of the TK
... communities) dependent on marine and coastal resources for their livelihoods have long been observing and reporting the impacts of climate change. The observed impacts include sea-level rise, coastal erosion, warming oceans, melting sea ice, salt-water intrusion, changing weather patterns, and degra ...
... communities) dependent on marine and coastal resources for their livelihoods have long been observing and reporting the impacts of climate change. The observed impacts include sea-level rise, coastal erosion, warming oceans, melting sea ice, salt-water intrusion, changing weather patterns, and degra ...
Project intro-wetlands wg 5 16 16 zpj edits
... managers/ stakeholders through the process ■ Focuses on developing “climate-smart design considerations,” two categories of questions related to how climate change is likely to: – impact both the stressors being managed by an action; and – the effectiveness of the action itself ...
... managers/ stakeholders through the process ■ Focuses on developing “climate-smart design considerations,” two categories of questions related to how climate change is likely to: – impact both the stressors being managed by an action; and – the effectiveness of the action itself ...
Carbon Sequestration in Wetlands - Minnesota Board of Water and
... There are conflicting opinions on how to increase carbon sequestration in wetlands. One wellregarded scientist recommends planting coniferous, shrub, and forested wetlands and creating seasonal wetlands that do not flood for long periods. 4 A study from the University of Minnesota suggests the oppos ...
... There are conflicting opinions on how to increase carbon sequestration in wetlands. One wellregarded scientist recommends planting coniferous, shrub, and forested wetlands and creating seasonal wetlands that do not flood for long periods. 4 A study from the University of Minnesota suggests the oppos ...
Ch 9 AIR POLLUTION
... 61% of liberal/moderate Republicans think global warming is happening, compared to only 28% of conservative Republicans; 82% of Democrats and 65% of liberal/moderate Republicans support strict carbon dioxide emission limits on existing coal-fired power plants to reduce global warming and improve pub ...
... 61% of liberal/moderate Republicans think global warming is happening, compared to only 28% of conservative Republicans; 82% of Democrats and 65% of liberal/moderate Republicans support strict carbon dioxide emission limits on existing coal-fired power plants to reduce global warming and improve pub ...
Climate change feedback
Climate change feedback is important in the understanding of global warming because feedback processes may amplify or diminish the effect of each climate forcing, and so play an important part in determining the climate sensitivity and future climate state. Feedback in general is the process in which changing one quantity changes a second quantity, and the change in the second quantity in turn changes the first. Positive feedback amplifies the change in the first quantity while negative feedback reduces it.The term ""forcing"" means a change which may ""push"" the climate system in the direction of warming or cooling. An example of a climate forcing is increased atmospheric concentrations of greenhouse gases. By definition, forcings are external to the climate system while feedbacks are internal; in essence, feedbacks represent the internal processes of the system. Some feedbacks may act in relative isolation to the rest of the climate system; others may be tightly coupled; hence it may be difficult to tell just how much a particular process contributes. Forcings, feedbacks and the dynamics of the climate system determine how much and how fast the climate changes. The main positive feedback in global warming is the tendency of warming to increase the amount of water vapor in the atmosphere, which in turn leads to further warming. The main negative feedback comes from the Stefan–Boltzmann law, the amount of heat radiated from the Earth into space changes with the fourth power of the temperature of Earth's surface and atmosphere.Some observed and potential effects of global warming are positive feedbacks, which contribute directly to further global warming. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change's (IPCC) Fourth Assessment Report states that ""Anthropogenic warming could lead to some effects that are abrupt or irreversible, depending upon the rate and magnitude of the climate change.""