this file - Carbon Finance at the World Bank
... document changes in social and economic wellbeing resulting from the project activities (within and outside the project boundaries). The monitoring plan should indicate which measurements will likely be taken and which sampling strategy will be used to determine how the project affects social and ec ...
... document changes in social and economic wellbeing resulting from the project activities (within and outside the project boundaries). The monitoring plan should indicate which measurements will likely be taken and which sampling strategy will be used to determine how the project affects social and ec ...
Climate Change and Land-Coastal Connections
... • The cycles of carbon and other biologically important elements (e.g., nitrogen, phosphorus, oxygen) are intertwined and together control biological productivity, and • Forms of organic carbon preserved as fossil fuels are essential to the formation of economically important petroleum and coal depo ...
... • The cycles of carbon and other biologically important elements (e.g., nitrogen, phosphorus, oxygen) are intertwined and together control biological productivity, and • Forms of organic carbon preserved as fossil fuels are essential to the formation of economically important petroleum and coal depo ...
The Plight of the Polar Bear
... helps make our planet habitable. But over the past 200 years, humans have greatly increased the level of GHGs in the atmosphere by burning fossil fuels like natural gas, oil, and coal. This is like throwing on a second blanket, causing temperatures to rise. Other factors such as deforestation have a ...
... helps make our planet habitable. But over the past 200 years, humans have greatly increased the level of GHGs in the atmosphere by burning fossil fuels like natural gas, oil, and coal. This is like throwing on a second blanket, causing temperatures to rise. Other factors such as deforestation have a ...
MEMORANDUM TO THE PRESIDENT From: John P. Holdren
... sources of environmental harm to humans for yet a few more decades cannot be a great consolation, given that the time needed to change the energy system enough to avoid this outcome is also on the order of a few decades. It is going to be a very tight race. The challenge can be met, but only by empl ...
... sources of environmental harm to humans for yet a few more decades cannot be a great consolation, given that the time needed to change the energy system enough to avoid this outcome is also on the order of a few decades. It is going to be a very tight race. The challenge can be met, but only by empl ...
Weather and Climate
... The large scale movements of the atmosphere, or global atmospheric circulation, along with ocean circulation, distribute energy about the globe. Whereas individual weather systems are difficult to predict, the average circulation of the atmosphere remains relatively constant over time. This average ...
... The large scale movements of the atmosphere, or global atmospheric circulation, along with ocean circulation, distribute energy about the globe. Whereas individual weather systems are difficult to predict, the average circulation of the atmosphere remains relatively constant over time. This average ...
africa - PAGES - Past Global Changes
... when gradually declining boreal summer insolation crossed a threshold value of 4.2% greater than present, a similar insolation threshold that coincided with abrupt tropical lake level rises during the early deglacial warming In the mid-Holocene, maximum temperatures were at least about 2ºC higher th ...
... when gradually declining boreal summer insolation crossed a threshold value of 4.2% greater than present, a similar insolation threshold that coincided with abrupt tropical lake level rises during the early deglacial warming In the mid-Holocene, maximum temperatures were at least about 2ºC higher th ...
PowerPoint Presentation - Global Change Curricula and
... averaged temperatures since the mid-20th century is very likely (confidence level >90%) due to the observed increase in anthropogenic (human) greenhouse gas concentrations. Hotter temperatures and rises in sea level "would continue for centuries" even if greenhouse gas levels are stabilized, althoug ...
... averaged temperatures since the mid-20th century is very likely (confidence level >90%) due to the observed increase in anthropogenic (human) greenhouse gas concentrations. Hotter temperatures and rises in sea level "would continue for centuries" even if greenhouse gas levels are stabilized, althoug ...
03.0 Clean Development Mechanism 3959KB
... every ton of greenhouse gas emissions they exceed their cap in the first commitment period (i.e., 2008-2012); ...
... every ton of greenhouse gas emissions they exceed their cap in the first commitment period (i.e., 2008-2012); ...
the report ()
... the majority of existing climate change modelling addresses only the former with scenarios projecting to the end of this century. Given that the majority of existing infrastructure will continue to be operational for at least another 100–200 years, this report aims to look at climatic conditions bey ...
... the majority of existing climate change modelling addresses only the former with scenarios projecting to the end of this century. Given that the majority of existing infrastructure will continue to be operational for at least another 100–200 years, this report aims to look at climatic conditions bey ...
Wheat and sheep production in a changing climate: Western
... season, increase decomposition of soil organic matter and increase potential evaporation. These effects will counter the yield increase derived from increased concentrations of carbon dioxide (the carbon fertilisation effect). Wheat yields could be 10% lower in 2050 under a scenario of increased car ...
... season, increase decomposition of soil organic matter and increase potential evaporation. These effects will counter the yield increase derived from increased concentrations of carbon dioxide (the carbon fertilisation effect). Wheat yields could be 10% lower in 2050 under a scenario of increased car ...
Peter Stott`s Presentation
... Rainfall patterns are projected to continue to change leading to more frequent droughts in some regions and more floods in others. ...
... Rainfall patterns are projected to continue to change leading to more frequent droughts in some regions and more floods in others. ...
The Psychology of Climate Change
... Cavity wall insulation from 22% to 48% (1996-2008) Good loft insulation from 25% to 38% (2003-2008) Source: English Housing Survey, 2010 ...
... Cavity wall insulation from 22% to 48% (1996-2008) Good loft insulation from 25% to 38% (2003-2008) Source: English Housing Survey, 2010 ...
Regional/local climate projections: present ability and future plans
... Regional climate projections and predictions: present ability Large-area “average” indications of ranges of plausible (and in some cases “likely”, i.e. predicted) climate changes for all regions via e.g. CMIP3, other (ensemble) global models • IPCC AR4 states that there will likely (or very likely) ...
... Regional climate projections and predictions: present ability Large-area “average” indications of ranges of plausible (and in some cases “likely”, i.e. predicted) climate changes for all regions via e.g. CMIP3, other (ensemble) global models • IPCC AR4 states that there will likely (or very likely) ...
Climate change, maritime security and CSDP
... of climate change in maritime areas and coastal regions, as well as the conservation and sustainable use of biodiversity to avoid future security risks." Maritime Security Risks and Threats "The potential security impact of natural or man-made disasters, extreme events and climate change on the mari ...
... of climate change in maritime areas and coastal regions, as well as the conservation and sustainable use of biodiversity to avoid future security risks." Maritime Security Risks and Threats "The potential security impact of natural or man-made disasters, extreme events and climate change on the mari ...
Potential impacts of climate change on the Wet Tropics
... climatic changes per se, as they will have to deal with a variety of new competitors, predators, diseases and introduced species for which they have no natural defence. Existing ecosystems are predicted to undergo major changes: some may entirely disappear; some totally new or novel ecosystems may a ...
... climatic changes per se, as they will have to deal with a variety of new competitors, predators, diseases and introduced species for which they have no natural defence. Existing ecosystems are predicted to undergo major changes: some may entirely disappear; some totally new or novel ecosystems may a ...
The investment implications of global warming
... Any reference to a specific security, country or sector should not be construed as a recommendation to buy or sell this security, country or sector. 6 Source: Ceres, ‘Cool Response: SEC Climate Guidance & S&P 500 Reporting – 2010 to 2013’, February 2014: http://www.ceres.org/resources/reports/cool- ...
... Any reference to a specific security, country or sector should not be construed as a recommendation to buy or sell this security, country or sector. 6 Source: Ceres, ‘Cool Response: SEC Climate Guidance & S&P 500 Reporting – 2010 to 2013’, February 2014: http://www.ceres.org/resources/reports/cool- ...
Diapositiva 1
... If we accept the possibility of overshooting the target, the level of concentrations can be higher but not greater than 450 ppm. The present level of GHG concentration is 430 ppm CO2-eq (390 CO2 only), well above the 380-390 ppm level necessary to make a temperature increase above 2°C unlikely. ...
... If we accept the possibility of overshooting the target, the level of concentrations can be higher but not greater than 450 ppm. The present level of GHG concentration is 430 ppm CO2-eq (390 CO2 only), well above the 380-390 ppm level necessary to make a temperature increase above 2°C unlikely. ...
Climate 1 Strategy 2014-2020
... Topic areas include attribution of air pollutant emissions to economic sectors in order to inform effective actions and improvement of inventory and Projections of emissions under National Emissions Ceilings Directive (NECD) and CLRTAP/Gothenburg. Smart systems are increasing providing information a ...
... Topic areas include attribution of air pollutant emissions to economic sectors in order to inform effective actions and improvement of inventory and Projections of emissions under National Emissions Ceilings Directive (NECD) and CLRTAP/Gothenburg. Smart systems are increasing providing information a ...
Irish Ocean Climate and Ecosystem Status Report 2009
... Scotland, where it flows southwards again to the Equator. Evidence from the distant past exists for a link between thermohaline circulation and sudden changes in surface temperature over the past 120,000 years. However, while observations suggest significant variability in thermohaline circulation o ...
... Scotland, where it flows southwards again to the Equator. Evidence from the distant past exists for a link between thermohaline circulation and sudden changes in surface temperature over the past 120,000 years. However, while observations suggest significant variability in thermohaline circulation o ...
Rapid climate change in the ocean west of the Antarctic Peninsula
... Received 11 July 2005; revised 30 August 2005; accepted 6 September 2005; published 7 October 2005. ...
... Received 11 July 2005; revised 30 August 2005; accepted 6 September 2005; published 7 October 2005. ...
Slide 1
... Effective Adaptation Policy Strategies Must go beyond good development policy to explicitly target the impacts of climate change, particularly on the poor Requires spatially targeted adaptation Market signals essential factor in determining the responses to a changing environment but invo ...
... Effective Adaptation Policy Strategies Must go beyond good development policy to explicitly target the impacts of climate change, particularly on the poor Requires spatially targeted adaptation Market signals essential factor in determining the responses to a changing environment but invo ...
Biomimicry - Strategic Energy Innovations.
... changing faster than ever. One of the most significant and widespread causes of changing conditions for life on Earth is climate change. The major atmospheric elements, nitrogen and oxygen, have remained roughly the same in our recent past, but carbon dioxide levels have been steadily rising. Recent ...
... changing faster than ever. One of the most significant and widespread causes of changing conditions for life on Earth is climate change. The major atmospheric elements, nitrogen and oxygen, have remained roughly the same in our recent past, but carbon dioxide levels have been steadily rising. Recent ...
Climate change feedback
Climate change feedback is important in the understanding of global warming because feedback processes may amplify or diminish the effect of each climate forcing, and so play an important part in determining the climate sensitivity and future climate state. Feedback in general is the process in which changing one quantity changes a second quantity, and the change in the second quantity in turn changes the first. Positive feedback amplifies the change in the first quantity while negative feedback reduces it.The term ""forcing"" means a change which may ""push"" the climate system in the direction of warming or cooling. An example of a climate forcing is increased atmospheric concentrations of greenhouse gases. By definition, forcings are external to the climate system while feedbacks are internal; in essence, feedbacks represent the internal processes of the system. Some feedbacks may act in relative isolation to the rest of the climate system; others may be tightly coupled; hence it may be difficult to tell just how much a particular process contributes. Forcings, feedbacks and the dynamics of the climate system determine how much and how fast the climate changes. The main positive feedback in global warming is the tendency of warming to increase the amount of water vapor in the atmosphere, which in turn leads to further warming. The main negative feedback comes from the Stefan–Boltzmann law, the amount of heat radiated from the Earth into space changes with the fourth power of the temperature of Earth's surface and atmosphere.Some observed and potential effects of global warming are positive feedbacks, which contribute directly to further global warming. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change's (IPCC) Fourth Assessment Report states that ""Anthropogenic warming could lead to some effects that are abrupt or irreversible, depending upon the rate and magnitude of the climate change.""