Smith-SDC-Edinburgh-October-2008-final
... particularly temperature increases. • Some adaptation is occurring now, but on a limited basis. • Adaptation will be necessary to address impacts resulting from the warming which is already unavoidable due to past emissions. • A wide array of adaptation options is available, but more extensive adapt ...
... particularly temperature increases. • Some adaptation is occurring now, but on a limited basis. • Adaptation will be necessary to address impacts resulting from the warming which is already unavoidable due to past emissions. • A wide array of adaptation options is available, but more extensive adapt ...
12659799_NZSkepticsConference2
... • Can we simply dismiss this claim outright? No. • But it does put a big burden of proof on the climate change contrarians. – If you are going to claim that the world’s most prestigious scientific academies are all making a horrible mistake, then you had better have a good ...
... • Can we simply dismiss this claim outright? No. • But it does put a big burden of proof on the climate change contrarians. – If you are going to claim that the world’s most prestigious scientific academies are all making a horrible mistake, then you had better have a good ...
Winter 2010
... change research, and it explains the new multidisciplinary process for developing scenarios for the next assessment reports of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. The new process will allow for closer collaboration between impacts, adaptation, vulnerability researchers, and climate modele ...
... change research, and it explains the new multidisciplinary process for developing scenarios for the next assessment reports of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. The new process will allow for closer collaboration between impacts, adaptation, vulnerability researchers, and climate modele ...
Strongly increasing heat extremes in the Middle East and North
... northwestern Africa to the Middle East (Tyrlis et al. 2013). At the surface a strong west-east pressure gradient between the Azores high and the Persian trough gives rise to northerly winds that ventilate North Africa by advection of relatively cooler air from Europe (Ziv et al. 2004), illustrated b ...
... northwestern Africa to the Middle East (Tyrlis et al. 2013). At the surface a strong west-east pressure gradient between the Azores high and the Persian trough gives rise to northerly winds that ventilate North Africa by advection of relatively cooler air from Europe (Ziv et al. 2004), illustrated b ...
Effects of 2°C Warming IMPACT2C modelling results: climate
... indicates that the 2°C goal could be exceeded in the next 30 years, at around 2040 under a high emission (RCP8.5) scenario, and just before 2050 under the RCP4.5 stabilisation scenario. However, there is a considerable range around these mean estimates, as projected from different climate models. Un ...
... indicates that the 2°C goal could be exceeded in the next 30 years, at around 2040 under a high emission (RCP8.5) scenario, and just before 2050 under the RCP4.5 stabilisation scenario. However, there is a considerable range around these mean estimates, as projected from different climate models. Un ...
Less Developed Countries
... Hydrosphere: more droughts in inlands, more flooding in low-lying areas, rising sea levels and death of countries Biosphere: More spread of infectious diseases, extinction of animals and loss of biodiversity ...
... Hydrosphere: more droughts in inlands, more flooding in low-lying areas, rising sea levels and death of countries Biosphere: More spread of infectious diseases, extinction of animals and loss of biodiversity ...
Text - Reading`s CentAUR
... For volcanic aerosols, the temporal and regional responses estimated from the Pinatubo eruption were extracted from the inventory in Ammann et al. [2003]. For the 3X Pinatubo case, volcanic AOD was scaled by 3 throughout the eruption and subsequent response. See Figure S1 in the supporting informati ...
... For volcanic aerosols, the temporal and regional responses estimated from the Pinatubo eruption were extracted from the inventory in Ammann et al. [2003]. For the 3X Pinatubo case, volcanic AOD was scaled by 3 throughout the eruption and subsequent response. See Figure S1 in the supporting informati ...
Effects of Climate Change on Vegetation in Desert Steppe Inner
... Copyright © 2013 Shan Dan et al. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. ...
... Copyright © 2013 Shan Dan et al. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. ...
Climate Access Roundtable Friday, April 11, 2014
... What is the US Global Change Research Program (USGCRP)? • USGCRP’s 13 federal agencies have worked for the past 23 years to coordinate their science and research investments (including satellite systems, on-the-ground measurements, modeling, and data management) and to understand, predict, assess a ...
... What is the US Global Change Research Program (USGCRP)? • USGCRP’s 13 federal agencies have worked for the past 23 years to coordinate their science and research investments (including satellite systems, on-the-ground measurements, modeling, and data management) and to understand, predict, assess a ...
particularly vulnerable
... water is inadequate, and temperatures are high (Rosenzweig and Parry 1994; Reilly and others 1996). A further increase in temperatures will make many agricultural areas less productive—and some completely unsuitable. In these models, no effort is made to examine the impacts of warming on all crops. ...
... water is inadequate, and temperatures are high (Rosenzweig and Parry 1994; Reilly and others 1996). A further increase in temperatures will make many agricultural areas less productive—and some completely unsuitable. In these models, no effort is made to examine the impacts of warming on all crops. ...
Modeling Carbon Dynamics of Terrestrial Ecosystems in Monsoon Asia Takehisa O
... Fourth, paddy fields are mainly distributed in the valleys from the tropical to warm temperate region, where alluvial soils predominate; they have been developed by thousands of years of cultivation and irrigation of the rice fields by virtue of plentiful rainfall brought about by the summer monsoon ...
... Fourth, paddy fields are mainly distributed in the valleys from the tropical to warm temperate region, where alluvial soils predominate; they have been developed by thousands of years of cultivation and irrigation of the rice fields by virtue of plentiful rainfall brought about by the summer monsoon ...
Lake Baikal as possible sentinel of the Climate Change
... It is necessary to remind that Earth climate is the result of extremely complex interaction of atmosphere, hydrosphere, cryosphere, and lithosphere and such external for them forces as planet rotation velocity, heat flow from the magma, solar activity and many others. There have been two sustained p ...
... It is necessary to remind that Earth climate is the result of extremely complex interaction of atmosphere, hydrosphere, cryosphere, and lithosphere and such external for them forces as planet rotation velocity, heat flow from the magma, solar activity and many others. There have been two sustained p ...
ppt
... As the direct CO2 effect reduces surface energy loss due to evaporation, it is likely to add to surface warming as well as increasing freshwater availability. The existence of a direct CO2 signal in river runoff records also opens up the intriguing possibility of using long-term river records to ...
... As the direct CO2 effect reduces surface energy loss due to evaporation, it is likely to add to surface warming as well as increasing freshwater availability. The existence of a direct CO2 signal in river runoff records also opens up the intriguing possibility of using long-term river records to ...
Starting within five years, the bill will reduce global warming
... emitters such as power plants and oil refineries by about two percent each year from current levels. Emissions from these sources will be reduced by 15% below current levels between 2012 and 2020. Over the longer term, the bill will reduce global warming pollution from major emitters by one-third (3 ...
... emitters such as power plants and oil refineries by about two percent each year from current levels. Emissions from these sources will be reduced by 15% below current levels between 2012 and 2020. Over the longer term, the bill will reduce global warming pollution from major emitters by one-third (3 ...
Climate Change 2007. IPCC WG2
... freshwater biological systems), are shown together with surface air temperature changes over the period 1970-2004. A subset of about 29,000 data series was selected from about 80,000 data series from 577 studies. These met the following criteria: (1) ending in 1990 or later; (2) spanning a period of ...
... freshwater biological systems), are shown together with surface air temperature changes over the period 1970-2004. A subset of about 29,000 data series was selected from about 80,000 data series from 577 studies. These met the following criteria: (1) ending in 1990 or later; (2) spanning a period of ...
Poor are already paying the cost of adapting to
... In Bangladesh, for instance, families facing worsening problems with storm surges, intense rainfall and flooding are busy raising the level of their homes, toilets and animal shelters to keep them above water, said Atiq Rahman, executive director of the Bangladesh Centre for Advanced Studies. That i ...
... In Bangladesh, for instance, families facing worsening problems with storm surges, intense rainfall and flooding are busy raising the level of their homes, toilets and animal shelters to keep them above water, said Atiq Rahman, executive director of the Bangladesh Centre for Advanced Studies. That i ...
Kate Meyer and David Merry
... events caused by warming greater than this include major sea-level rise, global food security risk, and increase the frequency and intensity of major weather events. These events are likely to result in mass displacement of people and high levels of conflict and unrest. That's on the assumption that ...
... events caused by warming greater than this include major sea-level rise, global food security risk, and increase the frequency and intensity of major weather events. These events are likely to result in mass displacement of people and high levels of conflict and unrest. That's on the assumption that ...
El Nino worst in over 15 years
... Figure 2 El Nino is triggered by a warming in sea surface temperatures in the Pacific Ocean. It can cause unusually heavy rains in some parts of the world and drought elsewhere (AFP Photo/Abdulfitah Hashi Nor) The UN agency said this year's event was expected to push water surface temperatures in th ...
... Figure 2 El Nino is triggered by a warming in sea surface temperatures in the Pacific Ocean. It can cause unusually heavy rains in some parts of the world and drought elsewhere (AFP Photo/Abdulfitah Hashi Nor) The UN agency said this year's event was expected to push water surface temperatures in th ...
NJCAA Agriculture - New Jersey Climate Adaptation Alliance
... Increasing Atmospheric Carbon Dioxide Concentrations ...
... Increasing Atmospheric Carbon Dioxide Concentrations ...
Comments on Pennsylvania 2015 Climate Change Impacts
... The dark side of that role as an energy exporter is that Pennsylvania is responsible for 1% of the emissions of greenhouse gases worldwide.2 That number does not include methane emissions from natural ...
... The dark side of that role as an energy exporter is that Pennsylvania is responsible for 1% of the emissions of greenhouse gases worldwide.2 That number does not include methane emissions from natural ...
uncorrected page proofs
... Human activities, such as the burning of fossil fuels (coal, oil and natural gas), agriculture and land clearing, are increasing the concentrations of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere. This increase is sometimes called the enhanced greenhouse effect. Increased carbon dioxide concentration in the a ...
... Human activities, such as the burning of fossil fuels (coal, oil and natural gas), agriculture and land clearing, are increasing the concentrations of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere. This increase is sometimes called the enhanced greenhouse effect. Increased carbon dioxide concentration in the a ...
using big data, scenarios development, and game theory to monitor
... changes at local and regional scales. Climate, economic, environmental and societal stresses will be magnified without appropriate decision making processes for people, communities, businesses and governments for the circumpolar Arctic. Vulnerabilities, impacts and adaptations will differ across the ...
... changes at local and regional scales. Climate, economic, environmental and societal stresses will be magnified without appropriate decision making processes for people, communities, businesses and governments for the circumpolar Arctic. Vulnerabilities, impacts and adaptations will differ across the ...
Слайд 1 - Hydrograph Model
... • Observable physical properties of landscapes are used as the model parameters; the model requires minimum of calibration • To assess the possible effect of climate change on active layer depth the processes-based deterministic models are required. The Hydrograph model may be considered to be one o ...
... • Observable physical properties of landscapes are used as the model parameters; the model requires minimum of calibration • To assess the possible effect of climate change on active layer depth the processes-based deterministic models are required. The Hydrograph model may be considered to be one o ...
Climate change feedback
Climate change feedback is important in the understanding of global warming because feedback processes may amplify or diminish the effect of each climate forcing, and so play an important part in determining the climate sensitivity and future climate state. Feedback in general is the process in which changing one quantity changes a second quantity, and the change in the second quantity in turn changes the first. Positive feedback amplifies the change in the first quantity while negative feedback reduces it.The term ""forcing"" means a change which may ""push"" the climate system in the direction of warming or cooling. An example of a climate forcing is increased atmospheric concentrations of greenhouse gases. By definition, forcings are external to the climate system while feedbacks are internal; in essence, feedbacks represent the internal processes of the system. Some feedbacks may act in relative isolation to the rest of the climate system; others may be tightly coupled; hence it may be difficult to tell just how much a particular process contributes. Forcings, feedbacks and the dynamics of the climate system determine how much and how fast the climate changes. The main positive feedback in global warming is the tendency of warming to increase the amount of water vapor in the atmosphere, which in turn leads to further warming. The main negative feedback comes from the Stefan–Boltzmann law, the amount of heat radiated from the Earth into space changes with the fourth power of the temperature of Earth's surface and atmosphere.Some observed and potential effects of global warming are positive feedbacks, which contribute directly to further global warming. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change's (IPCC) Fourth Assessment Report states that ""Anthropogenic warming could lead to some effects that are abrupt or irreversible, depending upon the rate and magnitude of the climate change.""