American Climate Prospectus - Goldman School of Public Policy
... Uncertainty, of course, is not unique to climate change. The military plans for a wide range of possible conflict scenarios and public health officials prepare for pandemics of low or unknown probability. Households buy insurance to guard against myriad potential perils, and effective risk managemen ...
... Uncertainty, of course, is not unique to climate change. The military plans for a wide range of possible conflict scenarios and public health officials prepare for pandemics of low or unknown probability. Households buy insurance to guard against myriad potential perils, and effective risk managemen ...
Introduction - dust - University of California, Irvine
... total phosphorus and phosphate. Their modeling study assumed that mineral aerosols are 10% soluble P (PO4), while other sources (primary biogenic particles, sea salts, biomass burning, fossil fuels, biofuels) of total P are assumed to be 50% soluble. Volcanic sources are assumed 100% soluble (Mahow ...
... total phosphorus and phosphate. Their modeling study assumed that mineral aerosols are 10% soluble P (PO4), while other sources (primary biogenic particles, sea salts, biomass burning, fossil fuels, biofuels) of total P are assumed to be 50% soluble. Volcanic sources are assumed 100% soluble (Mahow ...
PDF Full-text
... access the data in an appropriate way, such data can contribute to an enlarged database for planning and implementation of adaptation strategies and measures. In addition, if these data are considered in different fields of action of climate change adaptation, they can support municipal decision-mak ...
... access the data in an appropriate way, such data can contribute to an enlarged database for planning and implementation of adaptation strategies and measures. In addition, if these data are considered in different fields of action of climate change adaptation, they can support municipal decision-mak ...
Child Rights and Climate Change Adaptation: Voices from Kenya and Cambodia
... 193 States have ratified the Convention. Yet millions of children exist without even their most basic rights to survival secured. Conditions of child poverty mean that children are even less well equipped to cope with and adapt to the changes brought about by climate change. In this sense, securing ...
... 193 States have ratified the Convention. Yet millions of children exist without even their most basic rights to survival secured. Conditions of child poverty mean that children are even less well equipped to cope with and adapt to the changes brought about by climate change. In this sense, securing ...
the identification of a solar signal in climate records of the last 500
... There has been confirmation in the last two decades, through instrumental measurements onboard satellites, that the ‘solar constant’ does, as has long been hypothesized, vary. While there is no consensus as to the best method for estimating past variations in solar output, it seems likely that over ...
... There has been confirmation in the last two decades, through instrumental measurements onboard satellites, that the ‘solar constant’ does, as has long been hypothesized, vary. While there is no consensus as to the best method for estimating past variations in solar output, it seems likely that over ...
Climate Models: An Assessment of Strengths and Limitations
... evolved very slowly. The lower limit has been nearly unchanged over time, with very few recent models below 2°. Difficulties in simulating Earth’s clouds and their response to climate change are the fundamental reasons preventing a reduction in this range in model-generated climate sensitivity. Othe ...
... evolved very slowly. The lower limit has been nearly unchanged over time, with very few recent models below 2°. Difficulties in simulating Earth’s clouds and their response to climate change are the fundamental reasons preventing a reduction in this range in model-generated climate sensitivity. Othe ...
Freshwater Ecosystems and Fisheries
... Changes in climate and ultraviolet radiation levels in the Arctic will have far-reaching impacts, affecting aquatic species at various trophic levels, the physical and chemical environment that makes up their habitat, and the processes that act on and within freshwater ecosystems. Interactions of cl ...
... Changes in climate and ultraviolet radiation levels in the Arctic will have far-reaching impacts, affecting aquatic species at various trophic levels, the physical and chemical environment that makes up their habitat, and the processes that act on and within freshwater ecosystems. Interactions of cl ...
Projected climate change impacts on North Sea and Baltic Sea
... frontal system develops (Simpson and Hunter, 1974), which separates stratified from tidally well-mixed coastal areas in the southern North Sea. In the western North Sea these are mainly tidal mixing fronts whereby fronts along the continental coast are combined freshwater and tidal mixing fronts. Th ...
... frontal system develops (Simpson and Hunter, 1974), which separates stratified from tidally well-mixed coastal areas in the southern North Sea. In the western North Sea these are mainly tidal mixing fronts whereby fronts along the continental coast are combined freshwater and tidal mixing fronts. Th ...
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... Table 1 UNF Climate Action Plan Phase and Reduction Targets ............................. 3 Table 2 Student, Faculty and Staff Population by Year ............................................... 7 Table 3 Building and ...
... Table 1 UNF Climate Action Plan Phase and Reduction Targets ............................. 3 Table 2 Student, Faculty and Staff Population by Year ............................................... 7 Table 3 Building and ...
Journal of Environmental Monitoring
... Observational evidence from all continents and most oceans shows that many natural systems are being affected by regional climate changes, particularly temperature increases.2 Global climate has varied and changed in the past on a range of timescales, and organisms and ecosystems have survived, chang ...
... Observational evidence from all continents and most oceans shows that many natural systems are being affected by regional climate changes, particularly temperature increases.2 Global climate has varied and changed in the past on a range of timescales, and organisms and ecosystems have survived, chang ...
Simulating the winter North Atlantic Oscillation: the roles of internal
... gas forcing simulated by these models. The observed NAO record can be explained by a combination of internal variability and greenhouse gas forcing, though only by the models that simulate the strongest variability and the strongest response. These models simulate inter-annual variability of the NAO ...
... gas forcing simulated by these models. The observed NAO record can be explained by a combination of internal variability and greenhouse gas forcing, though only by the models that simulate the strongest variability and the strongest response. These models simulate inter-annual variability of the NAO ...
(2013) Evidence of multiple carbon sources and prey communities
... 1. Lupascu, M., Welker, J. M., Seibt, U., Xu, X., Lindsey, D. S., Czimczik, C. I. (2013). The magnitude, seasonality and sources of CO2 emissions in a High Arctic polar semi-desert in NW Greenland are controlled by precipitation in puts and soil water conditions. Nature Climate Change (in press). 2. ...
... 1. Lupascu, M., Welker, J. M., Seibt, U., Xu, X., Lindsey, D. S., Czimczik, C. I. (2013). The magnitude, seasonality and sources of CO2 emissions in a High Arctic polar semi-desert in NW Greenland are controlled by precipitation in puts and soil water conditions. Nature Climate Change (in press). 2. ...
Climate Change Effects and Impacts Assessment
... community services. Local authorities own community assets that may be vulnerable to climate change effects. In 2007, the IPCC concluded that most of the observed increase in global average temperatures since the mid-20th century is very likely a result of the observed increase in anthropogenic gree ...
... community services. Local authorities own community assets that may be vulnerable to climate change effects. In 2007, the IPCC concluded that most of the observed increase in global average temperatures since the mid-20th century is very likely a result of the observed increase in anthropogenic gree ...
MEMORANDUM To: March 11, 2010
... This memorandum responds to your request for information regarding potential international governance and regulatory mechanisms for geoengineering (or climate engineering) technologies. The memorandum includes a short introduction to geoengineering technologies, a discussion on the criteria that may ...
... This memorandum responds to your request for information regarding potential international governance and regulatory mechanisms for geoengineering (or climate engineering) technologies. The memorandum includes a short introduction to geoengineering technologies, a discussion on the criteria that may ...
A Climate Modelling Primer - THIRD EDITION
... Printed and bound in Great Britain by TJ International Ltd, Padstow, Cornwall This book is printed on acid-free paper responsibly manufactured from sustainable forestry in which at least two trees are planted for each one used for paper production. ...
... Printed and bound in Great Britain by TJ International Ltd, Padstow, Cornwall This book is printed on acid-free paper responsibly manufactured from sustainable forestry in which at least two trees are planted for each one used for paper production. ...
Microsoft Word - geoadv070108_2.doc
... Camp Century ice core record, that Broecker realized that re-organization of North Atlantic deep water formation might explain the oscillating and rapid climate shifts seen in Greenland during the last glacial period; these were later named by him Bond cycles, separated by warm Dansgaard-Oeschger ev ...
... Camp Century ice core record, that Broecker realized that re-organization of North Atlantic deep water formation might explain the oscillating and rapid climate shifts seen in Greenland during the last glacial period; these were later named by him Bond cycles, separated by warm Dansgaard-Oeschger ev ...
Ecosystems and Wildlife: Climate Change Adaptation Plan
... plans to better address climate change is a first step in the revision of Wildlife Action Plans that is required by 2015. This plan is an amendment to the 2005 NH Wildlife Action Plan and the elements within it will be incorporated into the next full revision of the WAP in 2015. New Hampshire’s orig ...
... plans to better address climate change is a first step in the revision of Wildlife Action Plans that is required by 2015. This plan is an amendment to the 2005 NH Wildlife Action Plan and the elements within it will be incorporated into the next full revision of the WAP in 2015. New Hampshire’s orig ...
Climate Change Financing - SÜDWIND
... EU Member States against developed country counterparts, as an ambitious definition would suggest lower compliance with the commitments. At the same time, it could gain the EU favour among developing countries because of its higher level of ambition and the additional transparency, and thereby put p ...
... EU Member States against developed country counterparts, as an ambitious definition would suggest lower compliance with the commitments. At the same time, it could gain the EU favour among developing countries because of its higher level of ambition and the additional transparency, and thereby put p ...
How Corporations Have Influenced the U.S. Dialogue on Climate
... toward solving the problem until the passage of the Clean Air Act Amendments of 1990 (Christopher, Lehmann, and Gay 2011). In the case of asbestos exposure, companies fought for decades to deny growing scientific evidence of the health risks, such as asbestosis and asbestos-related cancers (Michae ...
... toward solving the problem until the passage of the Clean Air Act Amendments of 1990 (Christopher, Lehmann, and Gay 2011). In the case of asbestos exposure, companies fought for decades to deny growing scientific evidence of the health risks, such as asbestosis and asbestos-related cancers (Michae ...
Climate change and stream temperature projections in the Columbia
... changes in stream temperature over the coming century across the Columbia River basin (CRB) at the ecological province level, (2) identify the contribution of specific hydrological components (such as snowmelt, surface water runoff, etc.) to the overall heat and water budget across the watershed, an ...
... changes in stream temperature over the coming century across the Columbia River basin (CRB) at the ecological province level, (2) identify the contribution of specific hydrological components (such as snowmelt, surface water runoff, etc.) to the overall heat and water budget across the watershed, an ...
The coordination of climate finance in India
... climate change related actions taken by nodal ministries and other agencies, as well as review the progress and implementation of the each of the eight “Missions”; it appears to have met only to give the final approval to each of the “Missions” and has not convened a meeting in more than three years ...
... climate change related actions taken by nodal ministries and other agencies, as well as review the progress and implementation of the each of the eight “Missions”; it appears to have met only to give the final approval to each of the “Missions” and has not convened a meeting in more than three years ...
An Overview of the Causes and Effects of Sea Level Rise
... vapor, and some other gases absorb the infrared radiation rather than allow it to pass undeterred through the atmosphere to space. Because the atmosphere traps the heat and warms the earth in a manner somewhat analogous to the glass panels of a greenhouse, this phenomenon is generally known as the " ...
... vapor, and some other gases absorb the infrared radiation rather than allow it to pass undeterred through the atmosphere to space. Because the atmosphere traps the heat and warms the earth in a manner somewhat analogous to the glass panels of a greenhouse, this phenomenon is generally known as the " ...
Climate change feedback
Climate change feedback is important in the understanding of global warming because feedback processes may amplify or diminish the effect of each climate forcing, and so play an important part in determining the climate sensitivity and future climate state. Feedback in general is the process in which changing one quantity changes a second quantity, and the change in the second quantity in turn changes the first. Positive feedback amplifies the change in the first quantity while negative feedback reduces it.The term ""forcing"" means a change which may ""push"" the climate system in the direction of warming or cooling. An example of a climate forcing is increased atmospheric concentrations of greenhouse gases. By definition, forcings are external to the climate system while feedbacks are internal; in essence, feedbacks represent the internal processes of the system. Some feedbacks may act in relative isolation to the rest of the climate system; others may be tightly coupled; hence it may be difficult to tell just how much a particular process contributes. Forcings, feedbacks and the dynamics of the climate system determine how much and how fast the climate changes. The main positive feedback in global warming is the tendency of warming to increase the amount of water vapor in the atmosphere, which in turn leads to further warming. The main negative feedback comes from the Stefan–Boltzmann law, the amount of heat radiated from the Earth into space changes with the fourth power of the temperature of Earth's surface and atmosphere.Some observed and potential effects of global warming are positive feedbacks, which contribute directly to further global warming. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change's (IPCC) Fourth Assessment Report states that ""Anthropogenic warming could lead to some effects that are abrupt or irreversible, depending upon the rate and magnitude of the climate change.""