Eurasian Arctic greening reveals teleconnections and the potential
... circumpolar deciduous shrub species in the Low Arctic (Salix lanata L. and Alnus fruticosa Rupr.), and intensive ground truthing over three sites across the Low Arctic of NWET (Fig. 1). Our results strongly suggest that recent sea ice retreat has had a limited influence on tundra productivity in the ...
... circumpolar deciduous shrub species in the Low Arctic (Salix lanata L. and Alnus fruticosa Rupr.), and intensive ground truthing over three sites across the Low Arctic of NWET (Fig. 1). Our results strongly suggest that recent sea ice retreat has had a limited influence on tundra productivity in the ...
Selecting climate change policy instruments for Australia
... impact of each alternative, in terms of evaluation criteria, needs to be produced. Thus, this study ranks the policy options based on the dominance relationships of each of the criterion. In other words, the policy options are qualitatively analysed and compared with respect to each criterion. In ...
... impact of each alternative, in terms of evaluation criteria, needs to be produced. Thus, this study ranks the policy options based on the dominance relationships of each of the criterion. In other words, the policy options are qualitatively analysed and compared with respect to each criterion. In ...
Consistency between planetary heat balance and ocean
... m-2) and uncertainty of the individual surface energy balance components are more than an order of magnitude larger than the absolute amount of the Earth imbalance. 2. We need to evaluate consistencies between in-situ and reanalyses OHC and satellite observing systems (an inventory of changes in hea ...
... m-2) and uncertainty of the individual surface energy balance components are more than an order of magnitude larger than the absolute amount of the Earth imbalance. 2. We need to evaluate consistencies between in-situ and reanalyses OHC and satellite observing systems (an inventory of changes in hea ...
Water supply options for the future
... • Climate models are currently capable of credibly simulating present climate at the continental scale. • Models are continually improving, yet key physical relationships remain poorly understood, the water vapor/cloud formation and feedback process being the most significant. • Greater resolution a ...
... • Climate models are currently capable of credibly simulating present climate at the continental scale. • Models are continually improving, yet key physical relationships remain poorly understood, the water vapor/cloud formation and feedback process being the most significant. • Greater resolution a ...
I laghi alpini d`alta quota si trovano per lo più in aree
... activities as the potential main source of nutrients, the high nitrate levels in Alpine surface waters must be due to the long-range transport of pollutants form source regions, as the Po Plain in Northern Italy. As a consequence there is an increasing concern towards the role of climate change on n ...
... activities as the potential main source of nutrients, the high nitrate levels in Alpine surface waters must be due to the long-range transport of pollutants form source regions, as the Po Plain in Northern Italy. As a consequence there is an increasing concern towards the role of climate change on n ...
Climate value at risk of global financial assets
... growth influences the stock of assets in the future, but, since unmitigated industrial carbon dioxide emissions are proportional to GDP, it also influences warming and the magnitude of climate damages. The second is the climate sensitivity parameter, i.e. the increase in the equilibrium global mean ...
... growth influences the stock of assets in the future, but, since unmitigated industrial carbon dioxide emissions are proportional to GDP, it also influences warming and the magnitude of climate damages. The second is the climate sensitivity parameter, i.e. the increase in the equilibrium global mean ...
Congo Basin Forests
... hectares of “production forest” were to actually open up to new industrial logging activities, it would potentially release an additional 3 to 6 Gt (1 Gt = 1 billion tonne) of carbon into the atmosphere. A further similar amount could be released if these logged forests are eventually cleared. Predi ...
... hectares of “production forest” were to actually open up to new industrial logging activities, it would potentially release an additional 3 to 6 Gt (1 Gt = 1 billion tonne) of carbon into the atmosphere. A further similar amount could be released if these logged forests are eventually cleared. Predi ...
Presentation
... the world from Bolivia to Southern and Eastern Africa. This process brings cities to their saturation point, aggravates poverty and creates considerable social tension. The scope of these new migrations is unprecedented: each year for the last seven years, 22.5 million people on average have been fo ...
... the world from Bolivia to Southern and Eastern Africa. This process brings cities to their saturation point, aggravates poverty and creates considerable social tension. The scope of these new migrations is unprecedented: each year for the last seven years, 22.5 million people on average have been fo ...
Powerpoint presentation (PPT file)
... Additional stored carbon in alternative B compared to A = carbon that does not contribute to climate change (even if it is temporary) ...
... Additional stored carbon in alternative B compared to A = carbon that does not contribute to climate change (even if it is temporary) ...
Stream 1.2 Oceans and marine ice in the Southern Hemisphere
... To understand the extent of large-scale physical, biological and biogeochemical change occurring in the Southern Ocean and marine ice environment (including ice shelves, sea ice and icebergs), and to attribute the cause(s) to anthropogenic emissions or natural variations for inclusion in IPCC models ...
... To understand the extent of large-scale physical, biological and biogeochemical change occurring in the Southern Ocean and marine ice environment (including ice shelves, sea ice and icebergs), and to attribute the cause(s) to anthropogenic emissions or natural variations for inclusion in IPCC models ...
Supplement to Expression of Interest in Joining the FCPF
... Methane (CH4) emissions expressed in mass units, rank second in Uruguay, after the emissions of CO2. These emissions are relevant from the point of view of their greenhouse effect, because the CH4 100- ...
... Methane (CH4) emissions expressed in mass units, rank second in Uruguay, after the emissions of CO2. These emissions are relevant from the point of view of their greenhouse effect, because the CH4 100- ...
PDF
... Without a doubt, climate change will be one of the most important environmental topics of the 1990s and will be high on the research agendas of many scientific disciplines in years ahead. While not yet universally accepted, it is now widely believed that anthmpogenic emissions of carbon dioxide and ...
... Without a doubt, climate change will be one of the most important environmental topics of the 1990s and will be high on the research agendas of many scientific disciplines in years ahead. While not yet universally accepted, it is now widely believed that anthmpogenic emissions of carbon dioxide and ...
Expert Judgment for Climate Change Adaptation
... result in a temperature change between 2.6-4.8 degrees, there is only a >66% chance— in the authors’ judgment—that the real climate system will produce this outcome. So the IPCC judge that there is a up to an additional 24% probability that the actual climate outcome (for the RCP8.5 scenario) will ...
... result in a temperature change between 2.6-4.8 degrees, there is only a >66% chance— in the authors’ judgment—that the real climate system will produce this outcome. So the IPCC judge that there is a up to an additional 24% probability that the actual climate outcome (for the RCP8.5 scenario) will ...
English - Global Environment Facility
... Sea-level rise will threaten vital infrastructure, settlements and facilities that support the livelihood of island communities. ...
... Sea-level rise will threaten vital infrastructure, settlements and facilities that support the livelihood of island communities. ...
MET 112 Global Climate Change - Department of Meteorology and
... (M. D. King, S. Platnick et al. – NASA GSFC) ...
... (M. D. King, S. Platnick et al. – NASA GSFC) ...
Introduction - Department of Meteorology and Climate Science
... (M. D. King, S. Platnick et al. – NASA GSFC) ...
... (M. D. King, S. Platnick et al. – NASA GSFC) ...
Exxon`s Climate Footprint
... total attributable temperature change since 1882, and 2% of the sea level rise. Given the slow response of sea level to changes in temperature, even if all greenhouse gas emissions ceased in 2003, past emissions will continue to affect sea level, resulting in an ExxonMobil contribution of 3.2 to 3.6 ...
... total attributable temperature change since 1882, and 2% of the sea level rise. Given the slow response of sea level to changes in temperature, even if all greenhouse gas emissions ceased in 2003, past emissions will continue to affect sea level, resulting in an ExxonMobil contribution of 3.2 to 3.6 ...
climate science and the uncertainty monster
... how climate models are used and developed. The current focus on the precautionary principle and optimal decision making is driving climate model development & applications in directions for which they are not fit. ...
... how climate models are used and developed. The current focus on the precautionary principle and optimal decision making is driving climate model development & applications in directions for which they are not fit. ...
The air has no residence
... something present and something absent. This can be understood in terms of the space-time of the encounter, the conflict between two different forms of sensibility and the designation of two different spaces of doing and making. I would argue that the aesthetics of climate change are such that work ...
... something present and something absent. This can be understood in terms of the space-time of the encounter, the conflict between two different forms of sensibility and the designation of two different spaces of doing and making. I would argue that the aesthetics of climate change are such that work ...
Document
... southern latitudes away from the equator. For example, under conditions in which "1-D" models project a one or two percent ozone loss on a global average basis, 112-D" models show several times greater levels of depletion at the latitudes of northern Europe and North America (50-60 degrees north). O ...
... southern latitudes away from the equator. For example, under conditions in which "1-D" models project a one or two percent ozone loss on a global average basis, 112-D" models show several times greater levels of depletion at the latitudes of northern Europe and North America (50-60 degrees north). O ...
An Introduction to Climate Change in Taiwan
... (compared to 100 years ago) will range between 2°C Taiwan. It includes new research results and several unresolved issues. Unresolved issues include an and 3°C, which is slightly lower than the average incomplete understanding of factors affecting global temperature increase. Taiwan’s climate and the ...
... (compared to 100 years ago) will range between 2°C Taiwan. It includes new research results and several unresolved issues. Unresolved issues include an and 3°C, which is slightly lower than the average incomplete understanding of factors affecting global temperature increase. Taiwan’s climate and the ...
Slide 1
... • Framework: 150 MT decrease from estimated 2006 GHG levels (780MT) = 630MT by 2020 • Kyoto: 220 MT reduction from estimated 2006 GHG levels (780MT) = 560 MT by 2012 • Framework is not Kyoto: it continues Canada's move toward a "made-in-Canada" approach to climate change ...
... • Framework: 150 MT decrease from estimated 2006 GHG levels (780MT) = 630MT by 2020 • Kyoto: 220 MT reduction from estimated 2006 GHG levels (780MT) = 560 MT by 2012 • Framework is not Kyoto: it continues Canada's move toward a "made-in-Canada" approach to climate change ...
Global response of the terrestrial biosphere to CO2 and climate
... general circulation model to a global carbon cycle model. This coupled model was forced by observed CO2 emissions for the 1860–1990 period and by the IPCC SRES-A2 emission scenario for the 1991–2100 period. During the historical period, our simulated Net Primary Production (NPP) and net land uptake ...
... general circulation model to a global carbon cycle model. This coupled model was forced by observed CO2 emissions for the 1860–1990 period and by the IPCC SRES-A2 emission scenario for the 1991–2100 period. During the historical period, our simulated Net Primary Production (NPP) and net land uptake ...
Capstone ESS Unit 4: Human Activity and Climate System Unit Summary
... Students use models to describe how variations in the composition of the atmosphere and Earth's surface coupled with variations in the flow of energy into and out of Earth’s systems result in changes in climate. Models should be supported by multiple lines of evidence, and students should use digita ...
... Students use models to describe how variations in the composition of the atmosphere and Earth's surface coupled with variations in the flow of energy into and out of Earth’s systems result in changes in climate. Models should be supported by multiple lines of evidence, and students should use digita ...
Modelling the impact of future changes in climate, CO2
... LUCF, and as LUCF is generally small, it largely follows the pattern in NEP. The terrestrial vegetation thus acts as a net sink over the 21st century in all scenarios, with the peak values ranging from 4 to 8 Pg C yr 1 in the different scenarios. Fig. 4 shows the effects of climate change, elevated ...
... LUCF, and as LUCF is generally small, it largely follows the pattern in NEP. The terrestrial vegetation thus acts as a net sink over the 21st century in all scenarios, with the peak values ranging from 4 to 8 Pg C yr 1 in the different scenarios. Fig. 4 shows the effects of climate change, elevated ...
Climate change feedback
Climate change feedback is important in the understanding of global warming because feedback processes may amplify or diminish the effect of each climate forcing, and so play an important part in determining the climate sensitivity and future climate state. Feedback in general is the process in which changing one quantity changes a second quantity, and the change in the second quantity in turn changes the first. Positive feedback amplifies the change in the first quantity while negative feedback reduces it.The term ""forcing"" means a change which may ""push"" the climate system in the direction of warming or cooling. An example of a climate forcing is increased atmospheric concentrations of greenhouse gases. By definition, forcings are external to the climate system while feedbacks are internal; in essence, feedbacks represent the internal processes of the system. Some feedbacks may act in relative isolation to the rest of the climate system; others may be tightly coupled; hence it may be difficult to tell just how much a particular process contributes. Forcings, feedbacks and the dynamics of the climate system determine how much and how fast the climate changes. The main positive feedback in global warming is the tendency of warming to increase the amount of water vapor in the atmosphere, which in turn leads to further warming. The main negative feedback comes from the Stefan–Boltzmann law, the amount of heat radiated from the Earth into space changes with the fourth power of the temperature of Earth's surface and atmosphere.Some observed and potential effects of global warming are positive feedbacks, which contribute directly to further global warming. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change's (IPCC) Fourth Assessment Report states that ""Anthropogenic warming could lead to some effects that are abrupt or irreversible, depending upon the rate and magnitude of the climate change.""