Differential climate impacts for policy
... availability for the Mediterranean is found to nearly double from 9 % to 17 % between 1.5 ◦ C and 2 ◦ C, and the projected lengthening of regional dry spells increases from 7 to 11 %. Projections for agricultural yields differ between crop types as well as world regions. While some (in particular hi ...
... availability for the Mediterranean is found to nearly double from 9 % to 17 % between 1.5 ◦ C and 2 ◦ C, and the projected lengthening of regional dry spells increases from 7 to 11 %. Projections for agricultural yields differ between crop types as well as world regions. While some (in particular hi ...
UK Marine Climate Change Impacts Partnership
... coastline (30% of England’s coastline; 23% Wales; 20% Northern Ireland; 12% Scotland). l Almost two-thirds of the intertidal profiles in England and Wales have steepened over the past 100 years. l Steepening of the intertidal profile is particularly prevalent on coasts protected by hard engineerin ...
... coastline (30% of England’s coastline; 23% Wales; 20% Northern Ireland; 12% Scotland). l Almost two-thirds of the intertidal profiles in England and Wales have steepened over the past 100 years. l Steepening of the intertidal profile is particularly prevalent on coasts protected by hard engineerin ...
Water and Carbon Cycles 3 days
... transport—are built on carbon. We need carbon, but that need is also entwined with one of the most serious problems facing us today: global climate change.....’ NASA Earth Observatory The current geographical study of carbon is fundamental to the age in which we live, and to future generations. Equi ...
... transport—are built on carbon. We need carbon, but that need is also entwined with one of the most serious problems facing us today: global climate change.....’ NASA Earth Observatory The current geographical study of carbon is fundamental to the age in which we live, and to future generations. Equi ...
Working Paper No 4 Kyoto Protocol Dilemma: Better to have a weak
... the solution, not the problem – because a nation that grows its economy is a nation that can afford investments in efficiency, new technologies, and a cleaner environment."7 Nevertheless, Victor (2004) mentions an important fact that “the single worst day for Kyoto was September 11, 2001. As Twin T ...
... the solution, not the problem – because a nation that grows its economy is a nation that can afford investments in efficiency, new technologies, and a cleaner environment."7 Nevertheless, Victor (2004) mentions an important fact that “the single worst day for Kyoto was September 11, 2001. As Twin T ...
Are there pre-Quaternary geological analogues for a future
... (c) HADCM3 and predictions of equilibrium global climate with instantaneous CO2 forcing Model predictions of the climate response to a doubling of atmospheric CO2 have been performed using instantaneous forcing and transient forcing-type experiments. In the former, atmospheric CO2 partial pressure i ...
... (c) HADCM3 and predictions of equilibrium global climate with instantaneous CO2 forcing Model predictions of the climate response to a doubling of atmospheric CO2 have been performed using instantaneous forcing and transient forcing-type experiments. In the former, atmospheric CO2 partial pressure i ...
sectoral classification for the low carbon economy in south africa
... fact that carbon cuts through all aspects of the social life and economy of the country. Conflict in the different sectoral classification mechanisms can cause much confusion if it is not properly addressed and explained. The report concludes that a number of different sectoral classification system ...
... fact that carbon cuts through all aspects of the social life and economy of the country. Conflict in the different sectoral classification mechanisms can cause much confusion if it is not properly addressed and explained. The report concludes that a number of different sectoral classification system ...
O Discounting the Future Is it equitable to favor tomorrow’s wealthier generations
... tors not only helped themselves, but also helped us without one scenario over another, it should favor the scenario that necessarily explicitly attempting to do so. Think of this as would result in the highest level of wealth rather than the one the “invisible hand” reaching across generations. In e ...
... tors not only helped themselves, but also helped us without one scenario over another, it should favor the scenario that necessarily explicitly attempting to do so. Think of this as would result in the highest level of wealth rather than the one the “invisible hand” reaching across generations. In e ...
Air Quality, Climate Change and Health
... Programs to allow lower-income homeowners and renters to benefit from rooftop solar and energy efficiency ° Tighter regulations on emissions of carbon and toxic air pollutants from power plants and other industrial emitters ° Urban heat island reduction strategies such as tree planting and other urb ...
... Programs to allow lower-income homeowners and renters to benefit from rooftop solar and energy efficiency ° Tighter regulations on emissions of carbon and toxic air pollutants from power plants and other industrial emitters ° Urban heat island reduction strategies such as tree planting and other urb ...
PDF
... relation between our model and data. This could happen because of two reasons: there is not enough data to verify a strong correlation, or the time frame we analyzed is not an aggregate period of economic crisis, suggesting there is no evident overall decrease in global GDP. When discussing the rela ...
... relation between our model and data. This could happen because of two reasons: there is not enough data to verify a strong correlation, or the time frame we analyzed is not an aggregate period of economic crisis, suggesting there is no evident overall decrease in global GDP. When discussing the rela ...
Global Green Policy Insights
... On 1 January this year, Switzerland’s revised CO2 Act came into force, which legally binds the country to cut its greenhouse gas emissions by 20% compared to 1990 levels by the end of the decade. The Act primarily covers fossil thermal and motor fuels, as well as certain other greenhouse gases in ad ...
... On 1 January this year, Switzerland’s revised CO2 Act came into force, which legally binds the country to cut its greenhouse gas emissions by 20% compared to 1990 levels by the end of the decade. The Act primarily covers fossil thermal and motor fuels, as well as certain other greenhouse gases in ad ...
ANNEX 1 A JPI CLIMATE First joint call 2013, call topic 1: Societal
... Research in this thematic area contributes to the understanding of systemic and sustainable societal responses to climate change and creates synergies with all other themes in this call. The multiple drivers of climate change are connected to current global megatrends, socio-ecological challenges (e ...
... Research in this thematic area contributes to the understanding of systemic and sustainable societal responses to climate change and creates synergies with all other themes in this call. The multiple drivers of climate change are connected to current global megatrends, socio-ecological challenges (e ...
Global change: state of the science
... atmosphere has risen from 316 ppmv in 1959 to 364 ppmv in 1997 (Keeling and Whorf, 1998). The CO2 measurements exhibit a seasonal cycle, which is mainly caused by the seasonal uptake and release of atmospheric CO2 by terrestrial ecosystems. The added atmospheric carbon resulting from human activitie ...
... atmosphere has risen from 316 ppmv in 1959 to 364 ppmv in 1997 (Keeling and Whorf, 1998). The CO2 measurements exhibit a seasonal cycle, which is mainly caused by the seasonal uptake and release of atmospheric CO2 by terrestrial ecosystems. The added atmospheric carbon resulting from human activitie ...
as a PDF - International Scholars Journals
... River Nile, provides more than 95% of all water to Egypt and the annual rainfall varies from a maximum of 180 mm/year on the North coast, to an average of 20 mm near the city of Cairo and diminishes to as little as 2 mm close to the city of Aswan in upper Egypt. Both water supply and demand are expe ...
... River Nile, provides more than 95% of all water to Egypt and the annual rainfall varies from a maximum of 180 mm/year on the North coast, to an average of 20 mm near the city of Cairo and diminishes to as little as 2 mm close to the city of Aswan in upper Egypt. Both water supply and demand are expe ...
Four out of five SMEs fear impact of climate change on their
... Zurich, November 3, 2016 – Climate change is a major concern for small and mediumsized enterprises (SMEs), according to Zurich Insurance Group’s (Zurich) fourth annual global SME survey. Almost four-fifths (78%) of SMEs surveyed expected risks associated with climate change to have a significant eff ...
... Zurich, November 3, 2016 – Climate change is a major concern for small and mediumsized enterprises (SMEs), according to Zurich Insurance Group’s (Zurich) fourth annual global SME survey. Almost four-fifths (78%) of SMEs surveyed expected risks associated with climate change to have a significant eff ...
Report for Transportation and Public Works Committee May 14
... Distribute to: Head and Members of Council; Managers/Clerk Ratification of the Kyoto Protocol: what’s the hot air all about? When we burn gasoline to drive our cars, natural gas to heat our homes, coal to make electricity, or cut trees faster than they can be replaced we add greenhouse gases to the ...
... Distribute to: Head and Members of Council; Managers/Clerk Ratification of the Kyoto Protocol: what’s the hot air all about? When we burn gasoline to drive our cars, natural gas to heat our homes, coal to make electricity, or cut trees faster than they can be replaced we add greenhouse gases to the ...
Report of the Canadian Parliamentary Delegation to the 15th
... and Tourism, Policy of Green Tourism and Low Carbon ...
... and Tourism, Policy of Green Tourism and Low Carbon ...
August 2013 News
... The study report appears in ACS' journal Environmental Science & Technology. The study shows that more methane than previously believed bubbles out of the water behind small dams. Andreas Maeck and colleagues point out that the large reservoirs of water behind the world's 50,000 large dams are a kno ...
... The study report appears in ACS' journal Environmental Science & Technology. The study shows that more methane than previously believed bubbles out of the water behind small dams. Andreas Maeck and colleagues point out that the large reservoirs of water behind the world's 50,000 large dams are a kno ...
Year-end Report,
... definition of climate can cause confusion in many other atmospheric science related topics such as climate models, feedback loops, paleoclimate. This keystone lesson prompts students to look at climate data and determine the difference between weather and climate. The professor guides discussion tha ...
... definition of climate can cause confusion in many other atmospheric science related topics such as climate models, feedback loops, paleoclimate. This keystone lesson prompts students to look at climate data and determine the difference between weather and climate. The professor guides discussion tha ...
Document
... Doubling CO2 increases CO2 Greenhouse heating of Earth’s surface by 3.8 W/m2. It also increases plant growth & therefore transpiration heat removal (cooling) by 43% to 45%. Now, 44% of 8.6 = 3.8 W/m2 ...
... Doubling CO2 increases CO2 Greenhouse heating of Earth’s surface by 3.8 W/m2. It also increases plant growth & therefore transpiration heat removal (cooling) by 43% to 45%. Now, 44% of 8.6 = 3.8 W/m2 ...
LNG not `the cleanest fossil fuel on the planet`
... nly if you had been banished from BC would you have propane, pentane, etc) other than methane are removed—the missed the claim by the BC Government, repeated over CO2 is vented and the others flared off. and over in the past three years, that Liquefied Natural From there, the gas is sent via pipelin ...
... nly if you had been banished from BC would you have propane, pentane, etc) other than methane are removed—the missed the claim by the BC Government, repeated over CO2 is vented and the others flared off. and over in the past three years, that Liquefied Natural From there, the gas is sent via pipelin ...
Enhancement of MRC Modelling Tools in the 3S Basin to Improve
... The assessment of changes in flows and water levels is essential, but it is only an initial step to examine impacts from hydropower development. Coordination and cooperation among countries is essential to build a comprehensive understanding of the importance of economic, environmental and social va ...
... The assessment of changes in flows and water levels is essential, but it is only an initial step to examine impacts from hydropower development. Coordination and cooperation among countries is essential to build a comprehensive understanding of the importance of economic, environmental and social va ...
Tropospheric temperature response to stratospheric ozone recovery
... Near the surface, changes in the SAM are expected to be associated with regional warming and cooling. For instance, Thompson et al. (2011) suggest that about half of the surface warming over the Antarctic Peninsula and nearly all of the surface cooling over east Antarctica which were observed during ...
... Near the surface, changes in the SAM are expected to be associated with regional warming and cooling. For instance, Thompson et al. (2011) suggest that about half of the surface warming over the Antarctic Peninsula and nearly all of the surface cooling over east Antarctica which were observed during ...
20100921144515309-152610
... • Internal variability (initial condition uncertainty) • Modelling uncertainty – Parametric uncertainty (land/atmosphere and ocean perturbed physics ensembles) – Structural uncertainty (multimodel ensembles) – Systematic errors common to all current climate models ...
... • Internal variability (initial condition uncertainty) • Modelling uncertainty – Parametric uncertainty (land/atmosphere and ocean perturbed physics ensembles) – Structural uncertainty (multimodel ensembles) – Systematic errors common to all current climate models ...
Current and future climate of the Cook Islands
... causing the sea level to rise. The melting of glaciers and ice sheets also contributes to sea-level rise. Instruments mounted on satellites and tide gauges are used to measure sea level. Satellite data indicate the sea level has risen near the Cook Islands by about 4 mm per year since 1993. This is ...
... causing the sea level to rise. The melting of glaciers and ice sheets also contributes to sea-level rise. Instruments mounted on satellites and tide gauges are used to measure sea level. Satellite data indicate the sea level has risen near the Cook Islands by about 4 mm per year since 1993. This is ...
cop21: agriculture and forestry at the heart of the solution for the
... The United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) was adopted during the Rio de Janeiro Earth Summit in 1992. This Framework Convention is a universal convention of principle, acknowledging the existence of anthropogenic (human-induced) climate change and giving industrialized count ...
... The United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) was adopted during the Rio de Janeiro Earth Summit in 1992. This Framework Convention is a universal convention of principle, acknowledging the existence of anthropogenic (human-induced) climate change and giving industrialized count ...
Climate change feedback
Climate change feedback is important in the understanding of global warming because feedback processes may amplify or diminish the effect of each climate forcing, and so play an important part in determining the climate sensitivity and future climate state. Feedback in general is the process in which changing one quantity changes a second quantity, and the change in the second quantity in turn changes the first. Positive feedback amplifies the change in the first quantity while negative feedback reduces it.The term ""forcing"" means a change which may ""push"" the climate system in the direction of warming or cooling. An example of a climate forcing is increased atmospheric concentrations of greenhouse gases. By definition, forcings are external to the climate system while feedbacks are internal; in essence, feedbacks represent the internal processes of the system. Some feedbacks may act in relative isolation to the rest of the climate system; others may be tightly coupled; hence it may be difficult to tell just how much a particular process contributes. Forcings, feedbacks and the dynamics of the climate system determine how much and how fast the climate changes. The main positive feedback in global warming is the tendency of warming to increase the amount of water vapor in the atmosphere, which in turn leads to further warming. The main negative feedback comes from the Stefan–Boltzmann law, the amount of heat radiated from the Earth into space changes with the fourth power of the temperature of Earth's surface and atmosphere.Some observed and potential effects of global warming are positive feedbacks, which contribute directly to further global warming. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change's (IPCC) Fourth Assessment Report states that ""Anthropogenic warming could lead to some effects that are abrupt or irreversible, depending upon the rate and magnitude of the climate change.""