(winter storm)
... that the number of intense extratropical cyclones may increase under climate change (whereas the total number of storms might be reduced), citing a set of research works reaching this conclusion (e.g., Lambert and Fyfe, 2005). Third, the Fourth Assessment Report describes that the “consistent” resul ...
... that the number of intense extratropical cyclones may increase under climate change (whereas the total number of storms might be reduced), citing a set of research works reaching this conclusion (e.g., Lambert and Fyfe, 2005). Third, the Fourth Assessment Report describes that the “consistent” resul ...
Adapting to Climate Change
... severity and timing of climate-change impacts and with limits to the effectiveness of adaptation (high confidence). Risk management provides a useful framework for most climate change decision making. Iterative risk management is most suitable in situations characterised by large uncertainties, long ...
... severity and timing of climate-change impacts and with limits to the effectiveness of adaptation (high confidence). Risk management provides a useful framework for most climate change decision making. Iterative risk management is most suitable in situations characterised by large uncertainties, long ...
nature11018
... all phyla known today; a conversion of the global ecosystem from one based almost solely on microbes to one based on complex, multicellular life; and diversity increased, but on a timescale that is far too long to be meaningful in predicting the biotic future over human generations. The pre-transiti ...
... all phyla known today; a conversion of the global ecosystem from one based almost solely on microbes to one based on complex, multicellular life; and diversity increased, but on a timescale that is far too long to be meaningful in predicting the biotic future over human generations. The pre-transiti ...
climate change in cincinnati
... temperature of 44°F in March with an average high of 54°F and an average low of 34°F. Cincinnati’s extreme maximum temperature was 85°F, which occurred in both 1981 and 1986, and its extreme minimum temperature was -10°F in 1980. For March, the most number of days with the maximum temperature below ...
... temperature of 44°F in March with an average high of 54°F and an average low of 34°F. Cincinnati’s extreme maximum temperature was 85°F, which occurred in both 1981 and 1986, and its extreme minimum temperature was -10°F in 1980. For March, the most number of days with the maximum temperature below ...
module 1 - National Open University of Nigeria
... Climate change is the measurable increase in the average temperature of earth’s atmosphere, oceans and landmasses. Scientists believe earth is currently facing a period of rapid warming brought on by rising level of heat trapping gases known as greenhouse gases in the atmosphere. These greenhouse ga ...
... Climate change is the measurable increase in the average temperature of earth’s atmosphere, oceans and landmasses. Scientists believe earth is currently facing a period of rapid warming brought on by rising level of heat trapping gases known as greenhouse gases in the atmosphere. These greenhouse ga ...
The Pacific Decadal Oscillation
... one phase might be, the opposite phase would have the opposite effect and after a full cycle the system would be brought back to where it was at the beginning. The heat can just be moved around through different parts of the system and it may even be "hidden" for some time, but after a full cycle it w ...
... one phase might be, the opposite phase would have the opposite effect and after a full cycle the system would be brought back to where it was at the beginning. The heat can just be moved around through different parts of the system and it may even be "hidden" for some time, but after a full cycle it w ...
Projecting future climate change: Implications of carbon cycle
... of projected CO2 concentration, given a scenario for emissions; this range is wider than had been considered in previous assessments and contrary to the common assumption. Consequently, when accounted for in the simulation of the entire climate system, the range of climate projections also becomes s ...
... of projected CO2 concentration, given a scenario for emissions; this range is wider than had been considered in previous assessments and contrary to the common assumption. Consequently, when accounted for in the simulation of the entire climate system, the range of climate projections also becomes s ...
Meander Valley
... decades since the 1950s at a similar rate to the rest of Tasmania (up to 0.1 °C per decade). Daily minimum temperatures have risen slightly more than daily maximum temperatures. There has also been a corresponding decline in average rainfall along with fewer wet years since the 1970s. This decrease ...
... decades since the 1950s at a similar rate to the rest of Tasmania (up to 0.1 °C per decade). Daily minimum temperatures have risen slightly more than daily maximum temperatures. There has also been a corresponding decline in average rainfall along with fewer wet years since the 1970s. This decrease ...
Climate change policies must include protection for native forests
... less than 2 million hectares currently) with major implications for water and agriculture. In effect, plantations are targeted for carbon storage while native forests are targeted for wood production. This is perverse. Emissions trading should be confined to fossil carbon, and sectoral policies (suc ...
... less than 2 million hectares currently) with major implications for water and agriculture. In effect, plantations are targeted for carbon storage while native forests are targeted for wood production. This is perverse. Emissions trading should be confined to fossil carbon, and sectoral policies (suc ...
and the Alaska Highway - Highways and Public Works
... link to Alaska. Up to 85 per cent of those who travel the northern section of the highway are American. To improve service, the Yukon Department of Highways & Public Works is working with the State of Alaska, the U.S. Federal Highways Administration, Transport Canada, Laval University, and the Alask ...
... link to Alaska. Up to 85 per cent of those who travel the northern section of the highway are American. To improve service, the Yukon Department of Highways & Public Works is working with the State of Alaska, the U.S. Federal Highways Administration, Transport Canada, Laval University, and the Alask ...
Full Report
... of specified changes in regional climatic regimes. Each of these classes of models addresses a different set of questions. For example. the economic and energy models could ask how much emissions wil 1 grow by the year 2050, and how much will a $20 per ton carbon tax reduce this growth? The second c ...
... of specified changes in regional climatic regimes. Each of these classes of models addresses a different set of questions. For example. the economic and energy models could ask how much emissions wil 1 grow by the year 2050, and how much will a $20 per ton carbon tax reduce this growth? The second c ...
Improving Public Engagement With Climate Change: Five “Best
... revolved around technological solutions or standard economic models (e.g., market and incentive-based mechanisms). As Shafir (2012) notes, “it is remarkable how small a role the attempt to understand human behavior has played in policy circles” (p. 2). This is surprising because psychological scienc ...
... revolved around technological solutions or standard economic models (e.g., market and incentive-based mechanisms). As Shafir (2012) notes, “it is remarkable how small a role the attempt to understand human behavior has played in policy circles” (p. 2). This is surprising because psychological scienc ...
Climate change effects and Agriculture in Italy: a
... concentration of greenhouse gases (GHG) in the atmosphere induced by socio-economic development and human activities over time. Concentrations of GHG, mainly carbon dioxide (CO2), increased by 70% since 1970. Climate changes (CC), associated to atmospheric accumulation of greenhouse gases, could alt ...
... concentration of greenhouse gases (GHG) in the atmosphere induced by socio-economic development and human activities over time. Concentrations of GHG, mainly carbon dioxide (CO2), increased by 70% since 1970. Climate changes (CC), associated to atmospheric accumulation of greenhouse gases, could alt ...
A simple carbon cycle representation for
... pre-industrial using historical emissions), although we compare only the first 2000 years. CO2 evolution in BEAM is consistent with that in UVic and CLIMBER-2 throughout the simulation period (Figure 1 shows 2000 years and Figure 3 highlights the first 300 years). CO2 evolution in both DICE versions ...
... pre-industrial using historical emissions), although we compare only the first 2000 years. CO2 evolution in BEAM is consistent with that in UVic and CLIMBER-2 throughout the simulation period (Figure 1 shows 2000 years and Figure 3 highlights the first 300 years). CO2 evolution in both DICE versions ...
Powerpoint Presentation
... • No significant correlation in this domain. • Explicitly stated attitudes and implicit associations appear to be statistically dissociated. • There were many ‘surface greens’ with a reported positive attitude to low carbon but actually a positive implicit attitude to high carbon. ...
... • No significant correlation in this domain. • Explicitly stated attitudes and implicit associations appear to be statistically dissociated. • There were many ‘surface greens’ with a reported positive attitude to low carbon but actually a positive implicit attitude to high carbon. ...
The sun plays only a very minor role
... Before discussing any detail, there are a few general points that I do feel need to be made. Please forgive me if writing these down appears patronising for, indeed, these points are well known and I have never seen them contested in any rational argument - which makes it all the more surprising (an ...
... Before discussing any detail, there are a few general points that I do feel need to be made. Please forgive me if writing these down appears patronising for, indeed, these points are well known and I have never seen them contested in any rational argument - which makes it all the more surprising (an ...
The Impact of Climate Change and Variability on Heavy
... diurnal cycle, while moisture does not change much. The global trends of near-surface relative humidity are very small. Trends in specific humidity tend to follow surface temperature trends with a global average increase of 0.06 g per kg per decade (1976–2004). The rise in specific humidity correspo ...
... diurnal cycle, while moisture does not change much. The global trends of near-surface relative humidity are very small. Trends in specific humidity tend to follow surface temperature trends with a global average increase of 0.06 g per kg per decade (1976–2004). The rise in specific humidity correspo ...
Climate Change Impacts on Future Carbon Stores and Management
... as calcium carbonate. For this reason, arid–semiarid soils are considered the third largest global pool of carbon. Inorganic carbon is relatively stable whereas organic carbon can be metabolized releasing CO2. In these water-limited ecosystems, CO2 loss through ecosystem respiration frequently excee ...
... as calcium carbonate. For this reason, arid–semiarid soils are considered the third largest global pool of carbon. Inorganic carbon is relatively stable whereas organic carbon can be metabolized releasing CO2. In these water-limited ecosystems, CO2 loss through ecosystem respiration frequently excee ...
Global Environmental Protection
... on by France, despite the unresolved issue of nuclear waste dumps. More generally, there is a frequent contradiction between the support given to wide, abstract and long-term agreements negotiated at the international level and the reluctance to actually implement them. ...
... on by France, despite the unresolved issue of nuclear waste dumps. More generally, there is a frequent contradiction between the support given to wide, abstract and long-term agreements negotiated at the international level and the reluctance to actually implement them. ...
Introduction of Chinese Participants
... ➢ Climate Change in China (JT): Observation and Projection ➢ Climate Change in Tibet and Asian High lands (ZJQ) Observation and Projection ➢ Solutions for monitoring climate ...
... ➢ Climate Change in China (JT): Observation and Projection ➢ Climate Change in Tibet and Asian High lands (ZJQ) Observation and Projection ➢ Solutions for monitoring climate ...
Vol.12, No.1, 2012
... the rate of decrease recorded over the last 2 to 3 decades at several monitoring sites in the Pacific and the Atlantic. The observed decreases range between 0.09 units per decade for the Canary Islands and the Caribbean to 0.04 for Bermuda. The slowest rate of change in Bermuda already exceeds 32 (5 ...
... the rate of decrease recorded over the last 2 to 3 decades at several monitoring sites in the Pacific and the Atlantic. The observed decreases range between 0.09 units per decade for the Canary Islands and the Caribbean to 0.04 for Bermuda. The slowest rate of change in Bermuda already exceeds 32 (5 ...
PDF
... approaches the Poles. When there will be no ice left at the Poles this damage reservoir would have been exhausted. The presence of an endogenous ice line in the EBCM allows us to model these type of damages explicitly given the relevant information Permafrost is soil at or below the freezing point o ...
... approaches the Poles. When there will be no ice left at the Poles this damage reservoir would have been exhausted. The presence of an endogenous ice line in the EBCM allows us to model these type of damages explicitly given the relevant information Permafrost is soil at or below the freezing point o ...
Carbon Cycling, Climate Regulation, and Disturbances in Canadian
... Over 1990–2008, harvest has directly removed about twice as much carbon from CMF than fire and transferred almost as much carbon from live biomass to in-forest dead carbon pools as fire and insects combined, despite affecting a smaller area [37]. 3. Five Scientific Principles Relevant for Forest Man ...
... Over 1990–2008, harvest has directly removed about twice as much carbon from CMF than fire and transferred almost as much carbon from live biomass to in-forest dead carbon pools as fire and insects combined, despite affecting a smaller area [37]. 3. Five Scientific Principles Relevant for Forest Man ...
Climate change in cities due to global warming and urban
... in parts of Africa and Asia (Figure 1, top) [United Nations [2007], which will require considerable growth in the urban land footprint in these areas. Urban areas located in Northern Africa, the Middle East, and Western Asia have nocturnal urban heat islands up to five times larger than the median v ...
... in parts of Africa and Asia (Figure 1, top) [United Nations [2007], which will require considerable growth in the urban land footprint in these areas. Urban areas located in Northern Africa, the Middle East, and Western Asia have nocturnal urban heat islands up to five times larger than the median v ...
Vulnerability, Resilience, & Adaptation: Societal Causes
... resilience index by the various proxies ...
... resilience index by the various proxies ...
Climate change feedback
Climate change feedback is important in the understanding of global warming because feedback processes may amplify or diminish the effect of each climate forcing, and so play an important part in determining the climate sensitivity and future climate state. Feedback in general is the process in which changing one quantity changes a second quantity, and the change in the second quantity in turn changes the first. Positive feedback amplifies the change in the first quantity while negative feedback reduces it.The term ""forcing"" means a change which may ""push"" the climate system in the direction of warming or cooling. An example of a climate forcing is increased atmospheric concentrations of greenhouse gases. By definition, forcings are external to the climate system while feedbacks are internal; in essence, feedbacks represent the internal processes of the system. Some feedbacks may act in relative isolation to the rest of the climate system; others may be tightly coupled; hence it may be difficult to tell just how much a particular process contributes. Forcings, feedbacks and the dynamics of the climate system determine how much and how fast the climate changes. The main positive feedback in global warming is the tendency of warming to increase the amount of water vapor in the atmosphere, which in turn leads to further warming. The main negative feedback comes from the Stefan–Boltzmann law, the amount of heat radiated from the Earth into space changes with the fourth power of the temperature of Earth's surface and atmosphere.Some observed and potential effects of global warming are positive feedbacks, which contribute directly to further global warming. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change's (IPCC) Fourth Assessment Report states that ""Anthropogenic warming could lead to some effects that are abrupt or irreversible, depending upon the rate and magnitude of the climate change.""