Preserving the Ocean Circulation
... greenhouse gases at a level that will “prevent dangerous anthropogenic interference with the climate system”. Which stabilization level for greenhouse gases would avoid dangerous interference and whether this risk justifies costly reductions in greenhouse gas emissions is controversial. The policies ...
... greenhouse gases at a level that will “prevent dangerous anthropogenic interference with the climate system”. Which stabilization level for greenhouse gases would avoid dangerous interference and whether this risk justifies costly reductions in greenhouse gas emissions is controversial. The policies ...
Peak globalization: Climate change, oil depletion and global trade
... By 2008, such shipping consumed 2 billion barrels of oil per year and emitted as much as 1.2 billion tons of carbon dioxide (Oliver, 2008, 1). This increase in international trade is frequently attributed to three factors: (1) trade liberalization, (2) improved technology — particularly in transport ...
... By 2008, such shipping consumed 2 billion barrels of oil per year and emitted as much as 1.2 billion tons of carbon dioxide (Oliver, 2008, 1). This increase in international trade is frequently attributed to three factors: (1) trade liberalization, (2) improved technology — particularly in transport ...
creation care - The Center for Health and the Global Environment
... into his nostrils the breath of life, and the man became a living being. Now the LORD God had planted a garden in the east, in Eden; and there he put the man he had formed. And the LORD God made all kinds of trees grow out of the ground—trees that were pleasing to the eye and good for food… The LORD ...
... into his nostrils the breath of life, and the man became a living being. Now the LORD God had planted a garden in the east, in Eden; and there he put the man he had formed. And the LORD God made all kinds of trees grow out of the ground—trees that were pleasing to the eye and good for food… The LORD ...
451kB - Surrey Research Insight Open Access
... were our parents thinking? Why didn’t they wake up when they had a chance?” We have to ...
... were our parents thinking? Why didn’t they wake up when they had a chance?” We have to ...
Impacts on Wetland Ecosystems
... land to water. Decreased overland flow as a result of drying or drought will decrease the inputs from uplands to wetlands, but will increase the retention of these substances in the wetlands. Fluctuating water levels combined with higher temperatures should result in an eventual decrease in nutrient ...
... land to water. Decreased overland flow as a result of drying or drought will decrease the inputs from uplands to wetlands, but will increase the retention of these substances in the wetlands. Fluctuating water levels combined with higher temperatures should result in an eventual decrease in nutrient ...
Global and African Regional Climate during the Cenozoic
... C4 grasses appear in East Africa in the mid-late Miocene (Cerling et al., 1997b). C4 grasses replace C3 plants as the most significant dietary component of northeast African grazing mammals between 8 and 6 Ma (Cerling et al., 1997b). Faunal assemblages at Lothagam, in the western Turkana Basin, also ...
... C4 grasses appear in East Africa in the mid-late Miocene (Cerling et al., 1997b). C4 grasses replace C3 plants as the most significant dietary component of northeast African grazing mammals between 8 and 6 Ma (Cerling et al., 1997b). Faunal assemblages at Lothagam, in the western Turkana Basin, also ...
White House Climate Took Kit - Superior Watershed Partnership
... Climate Resilience Toolkit, will also include examples of effective resilience strategies that have been successfully implemented in representative types of cities and towns across the nation. Announcing a Hampton Roads Preparedness and Resilience Exercise Led by the National Security Council and su ...
... Climate Resilience Toolkit, will also include examples of effective resilience strategies that have been successfully implemented in representative types of cities and towns across the nation. Announcing a Hampton Roads Preparedness and Resilience Exercise Led by the National Security Council and su ...
PDF
... Before summarising S-R, it is useful to revisit some basic facts about agricultural emissions. Livestock agriculture is directly responsible for two main greenhouse gases (GHGs) – methane and nitrous oxide, both of which are much more potent than the main GHG, carbon dioxide (CO2). Methane is the se ...
... Before summarising S-R, it is useful to revisit some basic facts about agricultural emissions. Livestock agriculture is directly responsible for two main greenhouse gases (GHGs) – methane and nitrous oxide, both of which are much more potent than the main GHG, carbon dioxide (CO2). Methane is the se ...
View/Open - Sokoine University of Agriculture
... in the daily minima of +0.31 ◦ C/decade (P = 8.547e-12), compared to +0.24 ◦ C/decade for daily maxima (Tmax ) (P = 1.177e-06) (Fig. 3). Two of the strongest El Nino events are evident in the temperature anomalies of 1978 and 1998. The long duration and heavy rainfalls which started in October 1997 ...
... in the daily minima of +0.31 ◦ C/decade (P = 8.547e-12), compared to +0.24 ◦ C/decade for daily maxima (Tmax ) (P = 1.177e-06) (Fig. 3). Two of the strongest El Nino events are evident in the temperature anomalies of 1978 and 1998. The long duration and heavy rainfalls which started in October 1997 ...
THE CROPWAT ANALYSIS OF THREE DISTRICTS IN EGYPT
... 2) analyze and evaluate strategies for adapting to climate change so as to mitigate its negative effects on agriculture in Egypt. ...
... 2) analyze and evaluate strategies for adapting to climate change so as to mitigate its negative effects on agriculture in Egypt. ...
'Sensitivity of climate change detection and attribution to the characterization of internal climate variability'
... in some well defined statistical sense, without providing a reason for that change. Attribution ...
... in some well defined statistical sense, without providing a reason for that change. Attribution ...
Physical and chemical consequences of artificially deepened
... water), and to the fact that ice and snow cover can effectively hamper fluxes of light, heat, matter and momentum between the atmosphere and the water column (Saloranta et al., 2009). Thus the projected climate change may have an especially profound impact on the chemistry and ecology of lakes in co ...
... water), and to the fact that ice and snow cover can effectively hamper fluxes of light, heat, matter and momentum between the atmosphere and the water column (Saloranta et al., 2009). Thus the projected climate change may have an especially profound impact on the chemistry and ecology of lakes in co ...
Stranded Carbon Assets .
... The latest report from the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change notes that there is a 95% to 100% probability that human activities are responsible for the emissions of heat-trapping Greenhouse Gasses ...
... The latest report from the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change notes that there is a 95% to 100% probability that human activities are responsible for the emissions of heat-trapping Greenhouse Gasses ...
Selected International Legal Materials on Global Warming and
... 1. Humanity is conducting an unintended, uncontrolled, globally pervasive experiment whose ultimate consequences could be second only to a global nuclear war. The Earth's atmosphere is being changed at an unprecedented rate by pollutants resulting from human activities, inefficient and wasteful foss ...
... 1. Humanity is conducting an unintended, uncontrolled, globally pervasive experiment whose ultimate consequences could be second only to a global nuclear war. The Earth's atmosphere is being changed at an unprecedented rate by pollutants resulting from human activities, inefficient and wasteful foss ...
Climate change and mammals: evolutionary
... (0.35 day year 1) over a 13-year period. Continuous measurements were available in the last 5 years of the study only and the authors argue that the magnitude of change in plant growth over this time was much greater than the change in calving date, creating a trophic mismatch. Burthe et al. (2011) ...
... (0.35 day year 1) over a 13-year period. Continuous measurements were available in the last 5 years of the study only and the authors argue that the magnitude of change in plant growth over this time was much greater than the change in calving date, creating a trophic mismatch. Burthe et al. (2011) ...
an australian policy framework - Garnaut Climate Change Review
... constituted for dealing with them. We are therefore confronted simultaneously with the uncertainties of climate change and the potential for institutional inertia in dealing with these problems. This is not a reason for resignation. A failure to act at any point will narrow the options available at ...
... constituted for dealing with them. We are therefore confronted simultaneously with the uncertainties of climate change and the potential for institutional inertia in dealing with these problems. This is not a reason for resignation. A failure to act at any point will narrow the options available at ...
PDF
... Copyright 2011 by Phouphet KYOPHILAVONG and Shinya TAKAMATSU. All rights reserved. Readers may make verbatim copies of this document for non-commercial purposes by any means, provided that this copyright notice appears on all such copies. ...
... Copyright 2011 by Phouphet KYOPHILAVONG and Shinya TAKAMATSU. All rights reserved. Readers may make verbatim copies of this document for non-commercial purposes by any means, provided that this copyright notice appears on all such copies. ...
Climateâ•`induced changes in the distribution of freshwater fish
... devoted to cold-water fish species (mainly salmonids). Our knowledge is still incomplete, however, particularly due to taxonomic and geographic biases. 5. Observed and expected responses are well correlated among families, suggesting that model predictions are supported by empirical evidence. The ob ...
... devoted to cold-water fish species (mainly salmonids). Our knowledge is still incomplete, however, particularly due to taxonomic and geographic biases. 5. Observed and expected responses are well correlated among families, suggesting that model predictions are supported by empirical evidence. The ob ...
DRACULA AND THE ECO WARRIOR Teacher`s Notes Synopsis 1
... money - he will invest in Ecotown if only he can frack for oil and gas under his own properties. She agrees, she is changing. Mina is in hospital after being hurt in the tanker wreck, Harker appears but is mad, a servant now of Dracula and obsessed with eating flies. Mina is shocked but survives his ...
... money - he will invest in Ecotown if only he can frack for oil and gas under his own properties. She agrees, she is changing. Mina is in hospital after being hurt in the tanker wreck, Harker appears but is mad, a servant now of Dracula and obsessed with eating flies. Mina is shocked but survives his ...
The sensitivity of mountain snowpack accumulation to climate warming
... mountain precipitation intensity to warming. This indirect sensitivity has not been addressed in detail in other studies of l (e.g., Howat and Tulaczyk 2005; Casola et al. 2009). However, significant precipitation increases may occur over many mid- and high-latitude mountains under climate warming. ...
... mountain precipitation intensity to warming. This indirect sensitivity has not been addressed in detail in other studies of l (e.g., Howat and Tulaczyk 2005; Casola et al. 2009). However, significant precipitation increases may occur over many mid- and high-latitude mountains under climate warming. ...
impact of climate change on the management of district heating
... The decrease in diurnal temperature range has been linked to the increase in anthropogenic pollutant emissions (greenhouse gases and aerosols). An aerosol is a suspension of particles in the atmosphere, which reflect the incident solar radiation. They thereby reduce the diurnal surface temperature ( ...
... The decrease in diurnal temperature range has been linked to the increase in anthropogenic pollutant emissions (greenhouse gases and aerosols). An aerosol is a suspension of particles in the atmosphere, which reflect the incident solar radiation. They thereby reduce the diurnal surface temperature ( ...
environmental, economic and social impacts of
... The unusual fact of awarding the 2007 Nobel peace prize to the Intergovernmental Panel for Climate Change (IPCC) consisting of several thousand scientists as well as to Albert Gore who popularised the climate change issues and made the film on anthropogenic climate change may signify two important t ...
... The unusual fact of awarding the 2007 Nobel peace prize to the Intergovernmental Panel for Climate Change (IPCC) consisting of several thousand scientists as well as to Albert Gore who popularised the climate change issues and made the film on anthropogenic climate change may signify two important t ...
Effects of climate change on inland waters of the Pacific coastal
... result from snowmelt, warm winter storms and summer and early autumn convective storms (Kattelmann, 1990). In rivers with headwaters at high elevation, snowmelt ¯oods occur each spring as periods of sustained high ¯ow, long duration and large volume. However, they rarely produce the highest instanta ...
... result from snowmelt, warm winter storms and summer and early autumn convective storms (Kattelmann, 1990). In rivers with headwaters at high elevation, snowmelt ¯oods occur each spring as periods of sustained high ¯ow, long duration and large volume. However, they rarely produce the highest instanta ...
Interpretation on Connotation of Low-Carbon Development
... intensity caused by energy production and consumption system highly dependent on fossil fuels and the corresponding low productivity. Low growth or negative growth of greenhouse gas emissions should be realized, so as to achieve the ultimate objective of reducing carbon intensity to such an extent t ...
... intensity caused by energy production and consumption system highly dependent on fossil fuels and the corresponding low productivity. Low growth or negative growth of greenhouse gas emissions should be realized, so as to achieve the ultimate objective of reducing carbon intensity to such an extent t ...
Don`t Kill Kyoto
... We have criticised many elements of the Protocol, including the problems caused by the carbon trading system and the loopholes in the accounting methods provided. However, Kyoto is the only existing legal architecture for setting legally binding emissions targets for developed countries. It must be ...
... We have criticised many elements of the Protocol, including the problems caused by the carbon trading system and the loopholes in the accounting methods provided. However, Kyoto is the only existing legal architecture for setting legally binding emissions targets for developed countries. It must be ...
Climate change feedback
Climate change feedback is important in the understanding of global warming because feedback processes may amplify or diminish the effect of each climate forcing, and so play an important part in determining the climate sensitivity and future climate state. Feedback in general is the process in which changing one quantity changes a second quantity, and the change in the second quantity in turn changes the first. Positive feedback amplifies the change in the first quantity while negative feedback reduces it.The term ""forcing"" means a change which may ""push"" the climate system in the direction of warming or cooling. An example of a climate forcing is increased atmospheric concentrations of greenhouse gases. By definition, forcings are external to the climate system while feedbacks are internal; in essence, feedbacks represent the internal processes of the system. Some feedbacks may act in relative isolation to the rest of the climate system; others may be tightly coupled; hence it may be difficult to tell just how much a particular process contributes. Forcings, feedbacks and the dynamics of the climate system determine how much and how fast the climate changes. The main positive feedback in global warming is the tendency of warming to increase the amount of water vapor in the atmosphere, which in turn leads to further warming. The main negative feedback comes from the Stefan–Boltzmann law, the amount of heat radiated from the Earth into space changes with the fourth power of the temperature of Earth's surface and atmosphere.Some observed and potential effects of global warming are positive feedbacks, which contribute directly to further global warming. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change's (IPCC) Fourth Assessment Report states that ""Anthropogenic warming could lead to some effects that are abrupt or irreversible, depending upon the rate and magnitude of the climate change.""